Abaningi bethu ebusika bafuna ukujabulela ikhukhamba elifakwe emanzini anosawoti futhi, lapho befika esitolo, bathenga imbiza abayithandayo. Futhi cishe akekho oqaphela ukuthi kaningi, ngaphansi kwesithunzi semikhiqizo yabakhiqizi baseRussia, bathenga ukhukhamba otshalwe eNdiya. Njengoba kuboniswa izifundo ezikhethiwe zenhlangano egunyaziwe "I-Russian Quality System": ingxenye yengonyama yamakhukhamba athengiswa ezweni lethu ikhule eNdiya nakwamanye amazwe ase-Asia. Imvamisa, izinkampani ezihwebayo nezikhiqizayo zimane zipakishe kabusha imikhiqizo.
Yiqiniso, umuntu akufanele alulaze isithunzi samakhukhamba alethwe eNdiya (ashibhile futhi abukeka ekhangayo). Noma kunjalo, i-Roskachestvo incoma ukuthi abathengi bazame ukuthenga imikhiqizo evela kubakhiqizi baseRussia. Futhi kunezizathu eziningi ezinhle zalokhu.
Umkhiqizi wasekhaya usesimweni esinzima kakhulu
Kuze kube manje, ukhukhamba wase-Asia (India, Vietnam) uthatha ingxenye enkulu emakethe yaseRussia, cishe amaphesenti angama-85 emikhiqizo ayimifino etshalwa kulawa mazwe. Futhi cishe le nkomba ayishintshile iminyaka eminingi. Alithinteki kunoma yiziphi izinguquko ezimbi emnothweni wezwe, noma ukuguquguquka kwedola. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi cishe wonke amakhukhamba afakwe emanzini anosawoti kanye namakhukhamba e-India athunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, futhi inani elincane lemikhiqizo lihlala emakethe yasekhaya. Umhwebi omkhulu wamakhukhamba aseNdiya yiRussia, elandelwa yizifundazwe zaseNtshonalanga Yurophu, iCanada kanye ne-United States.
Ngenxa yalokhu kuqondaniswa kwezindaba, abakhiqizi basekhaya baphoqeleka ukuthi balwe "indawo elangeni" okungenani endaweni enkulu yezwe labo.
Ubukhulu bekhukhamba buncike ekushibhileni komsebenzi
Ipharamitha eyinhloko lapho kungenzeka khona ukunquma ukuthi amakhukhamba atshalwa eNdiya ubukhulu bawo. Ngakho amabhizinisi ezolimo asekhaya awaqoqi ukhukhamba ngaphansi kwamasentimitha ayisithupha ngosayizi. Lokhu kungenxa yobunzima benqubo yezobuchwepheshe, ikakhulukazi ehlanganisa umsebenzi wezandla. Futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, abalimi abavela eNdiya, besebenzisa umsebenzi oshibhile (imvamisa izingane zisetshenziswa emsebenzini onjalo), khetha ukhukhamba cishe osayizi abancane kakhulu (kusuka kumasentimitha owodwa kuya kwayisithupha). Ngendlela, imikhiqizo enjalo ekhethiwe ithandwa kakhulu. Uma kucatshangelwa iqiniso lokuthi isimo sezulu sezwe sivumela ukuvuna izikhathi ezine ngonyaka, futhi imakethe yasekhaya empeleni ayiwudli lo mkhiqizo, ukuthunyelwa kwamakhukhamba kwamanye amazwe kungenye yezindlela ezihamba phambili kwezolimo zaseNdiya.
Ukugcizelelwa okuyinhloko kwabakhiqizi baseNdiya kusenkomba yobuningi
Enqubweni yokukhiqiza ukhukhamba ukhukhamba, abalimi baseNdiya, ngokungafani namazwe aseNtshonalanga, empeleni abazisebenzisi izindlela zobuchwepheshe bokusebenza, ezibandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwemigqa ezenzakalelayo. Ngokuyisisekelo, ubuchwepheshe buhamba kanje: isivuno esivunwayo sihanjiswa efektri, lapho kuqala sihlungwa futhi silinganiswe (ngesandla). Ingxenye encane yemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphakeme ifakwa ngokushesha ezitsheni futhi ithunyelwe ukuyothathwa (lokhu, ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphakeme eza eRussia ngamanani amancane). Amakhukhamba asele ahlanganiswe emiphongolweni emikhulu futhi athululwe nge-marinade egcwele uviniga. Ama-wax kule miphongolo alethwa esimweni esidingekayo ekulungiseni amathangi, futhi ngemva kwamasonto amabili iziqukathi ezinamakhukhamba ziqondiswa kabusha ezindaweni zokugcina. Ngemuva kwalokho, imikhiqizo eqediwe ithunyelwa eRussia nakwamanye amazwe ukuze ifakwe futhi ithengiswe.
Ukuze ufike emakethe yaseRussia, ukhukhamba uhamba izinkulungwane zamakhilomitha.
Ukuze imiphongolo enamakhukhamba afakwe emanzini ifike eRussia, kuyadingeka ukuyihambisa ibanga elide, futhi kuthatha isikhathi esiningi (cishe inyanga). Ukuphepha kwamakhukhamba kulo lonke uhambo kuncike kakhulu ekugxilweni kwe-acetic acid. Uma iphezulu, maningi amathuba okuba ilethe izimpahla ziphephile futhi ziphilile. Futhi kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukuhlushwa okukhulu kwe-acetic acid, njengakwezinye izindaba nanoma yiziphi ezinye, kuthinta kabi impilo yomuntu.
Ukunikeza ukubukeka okukhangayo, ukhukhamba acutshungulwa ngamakhemikhali.
Kuyasho ukuthi ukhukhamba ase-marinade egxilile akwenzeki nje ukudla, kodwa kungaba yingozi empilweni. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuncishiswe ukugcwala kwe-acetic acid emikhawulweni eyamukelekayo, izinkampani zaseRussia ziwacwilisa ngamanzi izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kanye ne-acetic acid, izinsalela zokugcina zezinto eziwusizo ziyagezwa. Okusho ukuthi, ukhukhamba olucutshungulwe ngale ndlela awunalo inani lokudla okunomsoco. Ngaphezu kwalokho, insimu yezinqubo ezinjalo, ikhukhamba ilahlekelwa isethulo sayo. Iba thambile futhi ibe mhlophe ngokubukeka. Ngokwemvelo, imikhiqizo enjalo empeleni ayinangqondo ukuyisebenzisa. Ukunikeza ukhukhamba ofakwe emanzini ukubukeka okukhangayo, kusetshenziswa izindlela eziningi ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali. Ukunikeza ukubukeka okuyengayo kanye nokubukeka kwesici, odayi (ngokuvamile amakhemikhali) kanye ne-calcium chloride yengezwa kumakhukhamba. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukhukhamba abe mahle kakhulu futhi abe nezindawo ezicwebezelayo, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo angeke esabizwa ngokuthi umkhiqizo wemvelo. Esigabeni sokugcina, umkhiqizo ubekwe ezitsheni, ugcwaliswe nge-marinade yokuhlushwa okufanele futhi uthunyelwe ezinhlanganweni zokuhweba.
Imvamisa, amakhukhamba aseNdiya adluliswa njengemikhiqizo yasekhaya.
Abakhiqizi abathembekile bazoqaphela kulebula yembiza yamakhukhamba ukuthi imikhiqizo itshalwa emasimini aseNdiya, futhi ihlanganiswe eRussia. Kodwa ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi ama-repackers akhohlwe noma abafuni ukulebula imikhiqizo yabo ngale ndlela, kodwa babeke isitembu "esikhule eRussia". Kunezizathu ezimbili ezibalulekile zokwenza ukukhwabanisa okunjalo: okokuqala, iqiniso lokuthi imikhiqizo ikhuliswa emabhizinisini ezolimo asekhaya kwandisa kakhulu izinga lokuthengisa, futhi okwesibili, cishe akunakwenzeka ukucacisa ukukhwabanisa, ngisho nasezimweni zaselabhorethri. Kungenzeka ukunquma ukuthi ikhukhamba yafika kithi ivela eNdiya ngezinye izimpawu ezibonakalayo. Inkomba yokuqala ubukhulu obuluhlaza. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, abalimi bethu abaqoqi ukhukhamba ngaphansi kwamasentimitha ayisithupha ngobukhulu, futhi ubukhulu bemikhiqizo yaseNdiya busuka ku-XNUMX kuya ku-XNUMX wamasentimitha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, usuku lokuqoqa ukhukhamba alukwazi ukuba yizinyanga zasebusika, ngoba ukuvuna ezweni lethu kuwela kuphela ehlobo-ekwindla.
Imikhiqizo yaseRussia idlula ozakwabo baseNdiya ngokunambitheka
Inqubo yokukhiqiza yamakhukhamba afuywayo afuywayo imfushane kakhulu futhi ayidingi ama-marinades agxilile kanye nokwengezwa kwamakhemikhali. Yingakho izimfanelo zokunambitheka kwamakhukhamba akhiqizwa eRussia zingcono kakhulu kunezabalingani baseNdiya "ababuyiselwe".
Eqinisweni, ungakhetha imikhiqizo enempilo futhi ehlwabusayo ngempela ngokusekelwe ocwaningweni lwaseRoskachestvo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele unake i- "Quality Mark", ebekwe kumalebula wemikhiqizo ehlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo zokulawula.