September amakhowe esifundeni eMoscow

Ukukha amakhowe ngobuningi kuqala ngoSepthemba. Ngaphezu kwamakhowe avamile nathandwayo, amakhowe, ama-boletus nama-boletus, ngenyanga yokuqala yasekwindla, izinhlobo ezingavamile kakhulu zingatholakala emahlathini. Lezi zihlanganisa i-collibia, i-lepista, i-lacquer, i-melanoleuca, i-tremellodon, nabanye abaningi. Qaphela: ngalesi sikhathi esifundeni saseMoscow nakwezinye izifunda kunezinhlobo eziningi ezingenakudliwa, ngakho-ke uma ungabaza, kungcono ukungafaki amakhowe angajwayelekile kubhasikidi wakho.

In September, many people with the whole family and individually during this period go mushroom hunting. Such trips to the forest warm the soul and cause a wonderful mood. Amazing colorful autumn landscapes of nature are very generously described and sung by our poets and writers.

Amakhowe adliwayo akhula ngoSepthemba

I-spruce mokruha (Gomphidius glutinosus).

I-Mokruhi iphakathi kweyokuqala ukukhula ekwindla. Zingase zivele ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kodwa ngo-September lapho inani eliphakeme lokukhula libonwa. Ukuwaqoqa, udinga ubhasikidi noma indawo ehlukile kubhasikidi, njengoba engcolisa wonke amanye amakhowe. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi lawa makhowe akhula ehlathini ngoSepthemba cishe ezindaweni ezifanayo namakhowe e-porcini, kodwa kamuva isigamu senyanga noma inyanga.

Izindawo zokuhlala: emhlabathini nasehlathini phansi emahlathini e-coniferous, ikakhulukazi e-spruce, akhule ngamaqembu noma yedwa.

Isizini: Juni - Okthoba.

I-cap inobubanzi obungu-4-10 cm, ngezinye izikhathi ifika ku-14 cm, iyinyama, ekuqaleni i-convex-conical enemiphetho egoqiwe, kamuva iguqe. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo ikepisi elimpunga-lilac noma elimpunga-brown, elimbozwe ngolwelwesi lwamafinyila lwemicu emincane emincane, kanye nesimo samapuleti ehla esiqwini esimise okwe-cone kanye nokuba khona kwamachashaza aphuzi. isisekelo sesiqu. Isikhumba sisuswa kalula ngokuphelele.

Umlenze unobude obungu-4-10 cm, ugqinsi oluyi-8 kuye ku-20 mm, unamathele, umhlophe, unamabala aphuzi, ikakhulukazi aphinyiselwe eduze nesisekelo. Le filimu iyaphuka njengoba ukhunta lukhula bese kwakheka indandatho yamafinyila ansundu esiqwini.

I-Pulp: imhlophe, ithambile futhi iyashwabana, ayinaphunga futhi imuncu kancane ngokunambitheka.

Amapuleti ayanamathela, awancane, anamagatsha kakhulu, ehla eduze kwesiqu endaweni emise okwekhoni. Umbala wamapuleti kumakhowe amancane uba mhlophe, kamuva ube mpunga bese ubamnyama.

Ukuhlukahluka. Umbala we-cap ungahluka kusuka ku-gray-lilac, brown-violet kuya ku-brownish. Amakhowe avuthiwe anamabala amnyama kukepisi.

Izinhlobo ezifanayo. I-spruce mokruha iyafana ngencazelo ye-pink mokruha (Gomphidius roseus), ehlukaniswa ngombala wekepisi wamakhorali obomvu.

Ukudla: amakhowe amahle adliwayo, kodwa kuyadingeka ukususa isikhumba esinamathele kubo, angabiliswa, athosiwe, ekheniwe.

Okudliwayo, isigaba sesi-3.

I-Collybia ithanda ihlathi, ifomu elikhanyayo (Collybia dryophilla, f. albidum).

Izindawo zokuhlala: amahlathi axubile nama-coniferous, phansi kwehlathi, ku-moss, phezu kwezinkuni ezibolile, iziphunzi kanye nezimpande, akhula ngamaqembu, ngokuvamile emibuthanweni yabathakathi.

Isizini: lawa makhowe akhula esifundeni saseMoscow kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuSepthemba.

I-cap inobubanzi obungu-2-6 cm, ngezinye izikhathi kufika ku-7 cm, ekuqaleni i-convex enomkhawulo owehlisiwe, kamuva iguqe, iphansi, imvamisa ibe nomphetho we-wavy. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo umbala okhanyayo we-cap: omhlophe, noma omhlophe-ukhilimu, noma omhlophe-pink. Indawo emaphakathi ingase ikhanye kancane.

Umlenze 3-7 cm ubude, 3-6 mm ubukhulu, cylindrical, banzi eduze nesisekelo, ongenalutho ngaphakathi, pinkish noma yellow-cream ngenhla, mnyama esisekelweni - obomvu noma onsundu, pubescent.

Inyama incane, imhlophe, inephunga elincane lamakhowe kanye nokunambitheka okumnandi.

Amapuleti anokhilimu noma aphuzi, anamathele. Phakathi kwamapuleti anamathelayo kukhona amapuleti amahhala amafushane.

Ukuhlukahluka: umbala we-cap uyahlukahluka kuye ngokuvuthwa kwamakhowe, inyanga kanye nomswakama wenkathi - kusuka kumhlophe-ukhilimu kuya kukhilimu opinki.

Izinhlobo ezifanayo. I-Collibia ethanda ihlathi iyafana ngesimo nombala oyinhloko ongadliwa I-Collybia distorta (i-Collybia distorta), engahlukaniswa ngekepisi elinemibala elinganayo ephuzi-orange.

Izindlela zokupheka: warka, jarka, konservirovanie.

Okudliwayo, isigaba sesi-4.

Isiswebhu esimhlophe (Pluteus pellitus).

Izindawo zokuhlala: okhunini oluqinile olubolayo, ku-sawdust ebolayo, khulani ngamaqembu noma olulodwa.

Isizini: lamakhowe akhula kusukela ngoJuni kuya kuSeptemba.

Isigqoko sinobubanzi obungu-3-7 cm, okokuqala simise okwensimbi, sibe yi-convex bese sigoba, sicishe sibe sicaba. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo ikepisi elimhlophe eline-tubercle encane ene-brownish tint, kanye nomlenze omhlophe we-cylindrical. I-cap ine-radially fibrous, imiphetho ilula kancane.

Isiqu sinobude obungu-4-8 cm, ubukhulu obungu-4 kuya ku-10 mm, siyisilinda, sine-fibrous longitudinally, siqinile, siqinile, siqala sibemhlophe, kamuva sibe mpunga, noma ukhilimu womlotha, ngezinye izikhathi sibe phuzi, sijiyile kancane esisekelweni.

I-Pulp: emhlophe, ethambile, mncane, engenaphunga eliningi.

Amapuleti avamile, abanzi, anamathele-anamathiselwe noma akhululekile, amhlophe, kamuva anombala obomvana noma ukhilimu.

Ukuhlukahluka. Umbala wekepisi uyahluka ukusuka komhlophe ukuya koluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-mhlophe, futhi i-tubercle iyahluka ukusuka kokuphuzi ukuya kokunsundu.

Izinhlobo ezifanayo. Isiswebhu esimhlophe sifana nencazelo yesiswebhu esiphuzi segolide (i-Pluteus luteovirens), esihlukaniswa ngokushintsha kombala wekepisi kubantu abadala ukuya kokuphuzi kwegolide futhi sinesikhungo esinsundu ngokumnyama.

Ukudla: amakepisi kuphela adliwayo, abilisiwe, athosiwe, afakwe emanzini anosawoti, omisiwe.

Lawa makhowe kaSepthemba ayadliwa, angaphansi kwesigaba 4.

I-Tremellodon

Ukubonakala kwe-tremellodons, ukuthuthumela, i-meruliuses kubonisa indlela eseduze yenkathi yekwindla yangempela epholile. Lawa makhowe ayaguquguquka, ekubunjweni kwawo afana ne-semi-solid, ijeli eguquguqukayo. Zimila eziqwini noma emagatsheni.

I-Gelatinous tremellodon (i-Exidia Tremellodon gelatinosum).

Izindawo zokuhlala: okhunini olubolayo kanye neziqu ze-conifers ezimbozwe ngobulembu, kancane kancane ezingodweni eziqinile. Izinhlobo ezingavamile, ezibalwe kwezinye Izincwadi Ezibomvu zesifunda.

Isizini: July - September.

Umzimba othela izithelo unomlenze ongaseceleni we-eccentric. Ubukhulu be-cap busuka ku-2 kuye ku-7 cm. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo yi-gelatinous wavy petal uhlobo lwesithelo sombala we-lilac noma umbala ophuzi-violet onemigogodla emhlophe ngemuva kwekepisi. Imiphetho ye-cap iyi-pubescent, i-spruce.

Umlenze ubheke eceleni, umise okweqanda esigabeni esiphambanayo, ubude buyi-0,5-3 cm, ugqinsi obungu-2-5 mm, bumhlophe, bu-gelatinous.

I-Pulp: i-gelatinous, ephuzi-mpunga, enokunambitheka kwepelepele.

Ukuhlukahluka. Umbala womzimba othela izithelo ungahluka ikakhulukazi kusukela kumswakama kanye nenkathi yemvula kusukela ku-lilac kuya ku-lilac brown.

Izinhlobo ezifanayo. I-tremellodon gelatinosa iyisici ngenxa yokuma kwayo okungajwayelekile kwe-wavy kanye nokungaguquguquki kwe-lilac yomzimba othela izithelo kangangokuthi ibonakala kalula. Izindlela Zokupheka: Izinongo ezibabayo zenziwe ngala makhowe. E-China naseKorea, ziyafuywa futhi zidliwe ziluhlaza noma zenziwe amasoso ababayo.

Okudliwayo, isigaba sesi-4.

I-lepista engcolile, noma i-titmouse (Lepista sordida).

Izindawo zokuhlala: amahlathi aluhlaza nangama-coniferous, emapaki, izingadi zemifino, amasimu ezithelo, ngokuvamile akhula ngawodwa. Izinhlobo ezingavamile, ezibalwe kwezinye izifunda zeZwe Lethu eNcwadini Ebomvu, isimo - 3R.

Isizini: Juni - Septhemba.

I-cap incane, inobubanzi obungu-3-5 cm, ngezinye izikhathi ifika ku-7 cm, ekuqaleni iyi-convex-round, kamuva i-flat-prostrate, i-bell-shaped kabanzi. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo umbala ompunga-pinki-violet wekepisi, ukuba khona kwe-tubercle flat phakathi nendawo kanye ne-brownish tint esifundeni saso esimaphakathi, kanye nezibonelo ezincane imiphetho isonteke phansi, futhi kamuva. phansi kancane.

Umlenze 3-7 cm ukuphakama, 4-9 mm ubukhulu, cylindrical, okuqinile, ungcolile brown-violet.

I-pulp ye-mushroom ka-September ithambile, i-grey-lilac noma i-gray-violet, enokunambitheka okumnene futhi cishe akukho phunga.

Amapuleti avamile, ekuqaleni accreted, kamuva notched-anamathela. Phakathi kwamapuleti anamathiselwe amakhulu kunamapuleti amafushane amahhala.

Ukuhlukahluka: umbala we-cap uhluka kusuka ku-lilac kuya ku-lilac kanye ne-violet. Ezibonelweni eziningi, ama-caps anemibala efanayo ngokunyuka kancane kwe-purple hue eduze kwe-tubercle. Kodwa-ke, kunezibonelo lapho indawo emaphakathi ilula kunabanye, i-purple-lilac noma i-lilac.

Izinhlobo ezifanayo. I-lepista engcolile, noma i-titmouse, ifana nemigqa ensomi (i-Lepista nuda), nayo edliwayo, kodwa ihluke ngesigqoko esiwugqinsi, kunesigqoko esincanyana, esinenyama, usayizi omkhulu kanye nephunga elimnandi kakhulu ku-pulp.

Izindlela zokupheka: kubilisiwe, kuthosiwe.

Okudliwayo, isigaba sesi-4.

I-Melanoleuca.

I-Melanoleuca ifana ne-russula, kodwa ihluke ngombala wenyama kanye nephunga.

I-melanoleuca enemilenze emifushane (i-Melanoleuca brevipes).

Izindawo zokuhlala: amahlathi aluhlaza naxubile, kanye nasendaweni ecwengiwe, akhula ngamaqembu.

Isizini: September - November.

I-cap inobubanzi obungu-4-12 cm, ekuqaleni i-convex, kamuva i-convex-prostrate ene-tubercle ebuthuntu, kamuva icishe ibe isicaba. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo isigqoko esingcolile esiphuzi noma se-walnut esiphakathi nendawo emnyama.

Isiqu sifushane, 3-6 cm ukuphakama, 7-20 mm ubukhulu, cylindrical, sinwetshwe kancane eduze kwesisekelo, okokuqala simpunga, kamuva sibe nsundu.

Inyama insundu, kamuva ibe nsundu, nephunga eliyimpuphu.

Amapuleti avamile, anamathele, ekuqaleni anokhilimu, kamuva abaphuzi.

Ukuhlukahluka: umbala wekepisi uyahlukahluka ukusuka kompunga-ophuzi ukuya kumpunga-nsumpa, ngokuvamile nge-olive tint.

Izinhlobo ezifanayo. I-Melanoleuca enemilenze emifushane ngokwencazelo ifana nengadleki I-melanoleuca melaleuca (Melanoleuca melaleuca), onomlenze omude obushelelezi.

Izindlela zokupheka: kubilisiwe, kuthosiwe.

Okudliwayo, isigaba sesi-4.

I-lacquer enkulu (i-Laccaria proxima).

Izindawo zokuhlala: amahlathi axubile navuthulukayo, akhula ngamaqembu noma ngawodwa.

Isizini: September - November.

I-cap inobubanzi obungu-2-8 cm, ekuqaleni i-semi-spherical, kamuva i-convex ne-convex-prostrate enesikhungo esicindezelekile kancane. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo umbala obomvu-obomvu noma o-lilac-brown we-cap enokucindezeleka okuncane phakathi nendawo.

Isiqu 2-8 cm ubude, 3-9 mm ubukhulu, cylindrical, ukhilimu ekuqaleni, kamuva ukhilimu pink futhi nsundu. Ingxenye engenhla yomlenze inombala ogqamile. Ubuso besiqu bune-fibrous kanye ne-pubescent eduze nesisekelo.

Inyama insundu ngokukhanyayo, ayinakho ukunambitheka okuqondile nephunga.

Amarekhodi okuvama okumaphakathi, okunamathelayo, ekuqaleni anombala okhilimu, o-cream-purple.

Ukuhlukahluka: umbala wesigqoko salawa makhowe kaSepthemba uyahlukahluka ukusuka kuwolintshi okhanyayo kuya kunsundu ngokubomvu.

Izinhlobo ezifanayo. I-lacquer, enkulu ngokubukeka nombala, ingadideka ne-milkweed ebukhali kakhulu engenakudliwa (Lactarius acerrimus). I-Milky ingahlukaniswa ngephunga elimnandi lezithelo kanye nokuba khona kwejusi ye-milky.

Izindlela zokupheka: warka, jarka, konservirovanie.

Okudliwayo, isigaba sesi-4.

Below you will find out what other mushrooms are harvested in September in the Moscow region and other regions.

Amanye amakhowe adliwayo akhula ngoSepthemba

Amakhowe alandelayo nawo avunwa ngoSepthemba:

• amakhowe ekwindla
• Ryadovki
• Amajikijolo
• Ama-raincoats
• izikhwebu
• shiitake
• Abadayisi
• Ama-Chanterelles
• URussule
• Amakhowe amhlophe
• I-boletus ye-orange cap
• I-Boletus.

Okulandelayo, uzothola ukuthi yimaphi amakhowe angadliwayo akhula ehlathini ngoSepthemba.

Amakhowe angenakudliwa ngoSepthemba

Ngiyahamba.

Ama-otideas amelana kakhulu nesithwathwa kunamanye amakhowe ngenxa yesakhiwo sawo. Lawa makhowe aqukethe imizimba ethela izithelo ngendlela yamafilimu aminyene aphuzi.

Imbongolo i-otidea (i-Otidea onotica).

Izindawo zokuhlala: phansi ehlathini emahlathini axubile, akhula ngamaqembu.

Isizini: September - November.

Umzimba wesithelo unosayizi we-2 kuya ku-8 cm, ubude obungu-3 kuya ku-10 cm. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo utshani obuphuzi, umzimba wezithelo ophuzi-wolintshi onezingxenye ezinde ezibukeka njengezindlebe zembongolo. Indawo yangaphandle ine-granular noma i-powdery coating. Ngaphakathi inombala ophuzi ngokunsundu. Amabala agqwalile avela ngaphandle ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Isisekelo somzimba wezithelo: okumise umlenze.

I-Pulp: i-brittle, izacile, iphuzi ngokukhanyayo. Ukuhlukahluka. Umbala womzimba wesithelo ungahluka kusuka kunsundu ngokukhanyayo ukuya kophuzi-owolintshi.

Izinhlobo ezifanayo. I-otidea yembongolo ifana ngombala ne-otidea enomusa (Otidea concinna), ehlukaniswa ngokuma kwayo okumise okwenkomishi.

Lawa makhowe kaSepthemba awadleki.

I-Mycenae.

I-Mycenae ngoSepthemba iningi kakhulu. Zibamba zonke izindawo ezinkulu zeziphunzi nezihlahla ezibolayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, bahlukaniswa ngemibala ehlukahlukene - kusukela ku-burgundy ekhanyayo kuya kukhilimu ophuzi.

Mycena Abrams (Mycena Abramsii).

Izindawo zokuhlala: eziphunzini nasezikhunini ezifile, ikakhulukazi izinkuni eziqinile, zikhula ngamaqembu.

Isizini: July - September.

Ikepisi linobubanzi obungu-1-4 cm, okokuqala bumise okwensimbi, bese kuba yi-convex. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo umbala ophuzi-opinki noma o-pinkish-cream, oqinile phakathi nendawo, onqenqema olunokhilimu omhlophe olunemisele futhi olulula.

Umlenze 4-7 cm ubude, 2-5 mm ubukhulu, cylindrical, bushelelezi, ukhilimu noma ansundu ngokukhanyayo ekuqaleni, kamuva grayish-brown, mnyama phansi. Isiqu sivame ukuba nezinwele ezimhlophe phansi.

I-pulp incane, ikhilimu elula.

Amarekhodi efrikhwensi emaphakathi, akhule ngokunganqamuki, abanzi, amhlophe ane-tint yenyama, kwesinye isikhathi anombala opinki okhilimu.

Ukuhlukahluka: umbala wekepisi uyahlukahluka kusuka ophuzi-pink kuya ophuzi-obomvu kanye ocher-pinkish. Unqenqema olunemigqa lulula ngombala futhi luyajika ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Izinhlobo ezifanayo. I-Mycena Abrams iphinde ifane ne-mycena sticky engadleki (Mycena epipterygia), ehlukaniswa ngomlenze omude we-tricolor: omhlophe ngenhla, ophuzi phakathi nendawo, futhi onsundu phansi.

Ukudla: iphunga elibi alithambeki neze lapho i-decoction emanzini angama-2-3, ngenxa yalesi sizathu ayidliwa.

Ayidleki.

I-Mycena red-marginal (Mycena rubromarginata).

Izindawo zokuhlala: amadlelo, izimfunda, i-moss peat, phezu kwezinkuni ezibolile.

Isizini: Agasti - Novemba.

Isigqoko sinobubanzi obungu-1-3 cm, ekuqaleni simise okwensimbi, kamuva - simise okwe-cap. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo yi-cap emise okwensimbi ene-tubercle, evame ukuba nendandatho encane epinki ekhanyayo, lapho indawo ye-cap ephakathi e-pinkish-reddish cap; emaphethelweni anombala obomvana noma okhilimu opinki, kodwa ahlala elula kunaphakathi nendawo. Ingaphezulu lekepisi linemivimbo ye-radial ehambisana nendawo yamapuleti angaphansi kwekepisi.

Umlenze mude futhi mncane, 2-8 cm ukuphakama, 1-3 mm ubukhulu, ongenalutho, brittle, cylindrical. Umbala wesiqu uyafana nesigqoko, kodwa ulula. Isiqu esisekelweni sinama-fibrous flakes amhlophe.

I-pulp incane, imhlophe, iphunga le-radish, inyama yomlenze inombala opinki, iphunga njenge-radish.

Amapuleti anamathele, abanzi, awancane, amhlophe-mpunga ane-tint yenyama, ngezinye izikhathi anombala obomvana.

Ukuhlukahluka: umbala ophakathi kwekepisi uyahlukahluka kusuka kopinki kuye konsomi. Imajini e-striated ilula ngombala futhi igobela phezulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Izinhlobo ezifanayo. I-mycenae ye-red-marginal ididekile ne-mycenae enemilenze yegazi (Mycena epipterygia) ngenxa yombala ofanayo obomvu wekepisi. Kodwa-ke, i-bloodspindle mycenae ingahlukaniswa ngokushesha ngokuma kwekepisi ecijile kanye nokuntuleka kwephunga, kuyilapho ama-mycenae asemaceleni abomvu enuka njengemithombo.

Lawa makhowe kaSepthemba awadleki ngenxa yephunga lawo elingemnandi nokunambitha.

I-Mycena sticky (Mycena epipterygia)

Izindawo zokuhlala: amahlathi axubile navuthulukayo, phezu kwezinkuni ezibolile, ngokuvamile akhula ngamaqembu.

Isizini: July - November.

I-cap inobubanzi obungu-1-3 cm, iqale ikhombe, bese imise okwensimbi. Isici sesici salolu hlobo yikepisi emise okwe-ovoid-bell yombala ompunga noma onsundu ngokumpunga onomthunzi weradial obonakala ngokucacile, obonisa indawo yamapuleti. Umbala wekepisi kumqhele uqine kancane kunasemiphethweni.

Umlenze mncane, 2-6 cm ukuphakama, 1-3 mm ubukhulu, uminyene, unamathele. Isici sesibili esihlukanisayo salolu hlobo umbala wesiqu, sishintsha ukusuka phezulu kuye phansi, esigqokweni simpunga, siphuzi phakathi, ngaphansi okuphuzi okunsundu, okunsundu noma okunsundu esisekelweni, kwesinye isikhathi kube ne-hint of ukugqwala.

I-pulp incane, inamanzi.

Amapuleti ayivelakancane, anamathela kakhulu, anombala omhlophe.

Ukuhlukahluka: umbala wekepisi uyahlukahluka kusuka kumpunga kuya ku-buff kanye nokumpunga-nsundu.

Izinhlobo ezifanayo. Ama-Mycenae anombala onamathelayo, amakepisi kanye nemilenze kufana ne-mycenae ene-cap-capped (Mycena leptocephala), ehlukaniswa kalula ngephunga lamanzi ane-chlorine.

Azidleki ngoba azinambitheki.

I-Mycena ehlanzekile, ifomu elimhlophe (Mycena pura, f. alba).

Izindawo zokuhlala: amahlathi avundile, phakathi kwe-moss naphansi kwehlathi, akhula ngamaqembu.

Isizini: Juni - Septhemba.

I-cap inobubanzi obungu-2-6 cm, ekuqaleni imise okwe-cone noma i-bell, kamuva yayisicaba. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo umumo ocishe ube isicaba wombala ompunga-omisiwe noma ompunga-ukhilimu, one-tubercle enombala onsundu ngokukhanyayo kanye ne-radial scaly shading phezulu.

Umlenze 4-8 cm ukuphakama, 3-6 mm ubukhulu, cylindrical, aminyene, umbala ofanayo njengoba cap, embozwe imicu eminingi longitudinal.

Inyama yekepisi imhlophe, inephunga elinamandla lesithombo.

Amarekhodi amafrikhwensi aphakathi nendawo, ububanzi, anamathelayo, phakathi kwawo kukhona amarekhodi amahhala amafushane.

Ukuhlukahluka: umbala wekepisi uyahlukahluka kusuka ku-grey-cream kuya komhlophe.

Izinhlobo ezifanayo. Le mycena ifana nobisi mycena (Mycena galopus), ehlukaniswa nombala onsundu wemilenze.

Lawa makhowe kaSepthemba awadleki.

Amafutha e-Collybia, ifomu le-asema (Collybia butyracea, f. asema).

Izindawo zokuhlala: amahlathi axubile nangama-coniferous, akhula ngamaqembu.

Isizini: May - September.

I-cap inobubanzi obungu-2-5 cm, ekuqaleni i-convex enomkhawulo owehlisiwe, kamuva i-convex-prostrate. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo isigqoko esinezindawo ezintathu: emaphakathi, emnyama kakhulu insundu, eyesibili egxilile ingukhilimu noma i-creamy pink, indawo yesithathu egxile emaphethelweni inombala onsundu.

Umlenze 3-7 cm ukuphakama, 3-8 mm ubukhulu, cylindrical, mhlophe ekuqaleni, kamuva ukhilimu okhanyayo kanye nokhilimu ompunga. Eduze kwesisekelo sesiqu, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izindawo ezihlukene zombala obomvu-nsundu ziyavela.

I-pulp iminyene, i-fibrous, imhlophe, ngaphandle kwephunga elikhethekile, i-spore powder iwukhilimu okhanyayo.

Amarekhodi efrikhwensi emaphakathi, okokuqala okumhlophe, ukhilimu wakamuva, anamathiselwe-okunamathiselwe.

Ukuhlukahluka: umbala wendawo ephakathi kwe-cap uhluka kusuka ku-brownish kuya ku-brownish, kanye nezindawo ezigxilile - kusuka kukhilimu kuya ku-yellow-brown.

Izinhlobo ezifanayo. Lolu hlobo lufana ne-Collybia dryophila, ephinde ibe nezindawo zombala we-concentric cap, kodwa zinendawo emaphakathi ebomvu-nsundu kanye nendawo elandela ukhilimu ophuzi.

Ayidleki.

Isiswebhu sobusha (Pluteus ephebeus).

Izindawo zokuhlala: okhunini olubolile neziphunzi, ku-sawdust yezihlahla ze-coniferous kanye nama-deciduous, zikhule ngamaqembu noma zodwa.

Isizini: Juni - Septhemba.

I-cap inobubanzi obungu-3-7 cm, ekuqaleni imise okwensimbi, bese i-convex futhi iguqe. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo isigqoko esimpunga esimnyama esinamaxolo kanye nomlenze olinganayo onezikali ezincane ezimnyama.

Umlenze 3-10 cm ukuphakama, 4 kuya ku-10 mm ubukhulu, cylindrical, ukwanda kancane esisekelweni. Umlenze unombala ompunga, futhi imicu ye-longitudinal kuwo inombala omnyama noma onsundu ngokumnyama. Umlenze uba yigodi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

I-Pulp: ithambile ngokunambitheka okumnandi nephunga.

Amapuleti avamile, abe mhlophe ekuqaleni, bese kuba ukhilimu futhi aphinki ngonqenqema olunsundu omnyama.

Ukuhlukahluka. Umbala wekepisi uyahluka ukusuka kompunga-mnyama kuye kumagundane.

Izinhlobo ezifanayo. Isishayo sobusha sifana nesishayo esincane (Pluteus nanus), esihlukaniswa ngesigqoko esibushelelezi esimpunga esine-tubercle eyisicaba.

Lawa makhowe kaSepthemba awadleki.

I-Hymnopil.

Uma amakhowe asebusika engenawo amawele anobuthi ebusika, khona-ke ekwindla. Lezi zihlanganisa ama-hymnopiles, noma amabhu.

I-Gymnopil penetrating (Gymnopilus penetrans).

Izindawo zokuhlala: eziqwini nasezinkuni ezifile emahlathini avuthulukayo, ezikhula ngamaqembu.

Isizini: September - November

I-cap inobubanzi obungu-2-7 cm, ekuqaleni i-convex enamandla, kamuva iguqe. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo umbala ophuzi-wolintshi wekepisi onomthunzi olula emaphethelweni, onesiqu esiphakathi noma esine-eccentric, kanye namapulasitiki angafihli phezu kwendawo yonke, kodwa eduze nesiqu.

Umlenze uphakathi nendawo noma u-eccentric, ulula kancane kunekepisi noma unombala ofanayo, ongalingani, ogobile, ukuphakama okungu-3-8 cm, ugqinsi luka-4-9 mm.

Inyama iba mhlophe ekuqaleni, kamuva ibe phuzi.

Amapuleti anamathele, ehla eduze kwesiqu, emifanekisweni emincane aphuzi ngokukhanyayo, futhi ekugcineni ansundu ngokunsomi, futhi umbala awufaki ngokushesha lonke uhlangothi olungemuva lwekepisi, kodwa kancane kancane, luthatha yonke indawo.

Izinhlobo ezifanayo. I-hymnopile, ingena ngombala we-cap kanye nokungabikho kwendandatho, ifana kakhulu ne-honey agaric yasebusika, futhi kunezimo eziningi lapho zididekile. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lawa makhowe awanawo ubuthi, awadleki, njengoba enganambitheki, njengokungathi ahlafuna utshani. Akunzima ukuwahlukanisa ngamapuleti - kumakhowe oju akhululekile futhi agoba ngaphakathi, kuyilapho ku-hymnopile ekhulile futhi ehla kancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amapuleti e-hymnopile avame kakhulu.

Ukudla: engenakudliwa.

I-Gymnopilus hybrid (Gymnopilus Hybridus).

Izindawo zokuhlala: eziphunzini nasezinkuni ezifile emahlathini aluhlaza nangama-coniferous, eduze kwamafir, akhula ngamaqembu.

Isizini: September - November.

I-cap inobubanzi obungu-2-9 cm, ekuqaleni i-convex enamandla, kamuva igobe ngemiphetho egobe kancane. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo umbala ophuzi-wolintshi wekepisi onomthunzi olula emaphethelweni, onesiqu esimaphakathi noma esine-eccentric kanye ne-tubercle kuma-specimens amancane.

Umlenze uphakathi nendawo noma u-eccentric, ulula kancane kunekepisi noma unombala ofanayo, ongalingani, ogobile, ukuphakama okungu-3-8 cm, ugqinsi luka-4-9 mm. Kukhona umkhondo wendandatho emlenzeni. Isiqu simnyama kunekepisi.

Inyama iba mhlophe ekuqaleni, kamuva ibe phuzi.

Amapuleti avamile, anamathele, ehla eduze kwesiqu, aphuzi ngokukhanyayo kuma-specimens amancane, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi abe nsundu.

Izinhlobo ezifanayo. I-hymnopile ye-hybrid ifana ngokushesha ngezindlela ezintathu zamakhowe asebusika: ngombala we-cap, ukungabi khona kwamasongo namapuleti amahhala. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lawa makhowe awanawo ubuthi, awadleki, njengoba enganambitheki, njengokungathi ahlafuna utshani. Akunzima ukuwahlukanisa ngamapuleti: i-hymnopile inamapuleti avamile kakhulu.

Ukudla: engenakudliwa.

I-Gymnopilus (inundu) elikhanyayo (Gymnopilus junonius).

Izindawo zokuhlala: eziqwini nasezinkuni eziseduze namahlathi aluhlaza nangama-coniferous, akhula ngamaqembu.

Isizini: September - November.

I-cap inobubanzi obungu-2-5 cm, ekuqaleni i-convex, icishe ibe yi-hemispherical, kamuva iguqe ngemiphetho egobile kancane. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo isigqoko esomile, esiphuzi-sawolintshi esimbozwe imicu. Amaphethelo ekepisi alula, anezinsalela zombhede.

Isiqu sinombala ofana nekepisi, sinokujiya esisekelweni. Ukuphakama komlenze - 3-7 cm, ukujiya 4-7 mm. Isici sesibili esihlukanisayo ubukhona bendandatho emnyama phezulu kwesiqu. Ingaphezulu lomlenze limbozwe imicu.

Inyama iba mhlophe ekuqaleni, kamuva ibe phuzi.

Amapuleti avamile, anamathele, ehla eduze kwesiqu, aphuzi ngokukhanyayo kuma-specimens amancane, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi abe nsundu.

Izinhlobo ezifanayo. I-Gymnopile, noma inundu ekhanyayo, ngenxa yombala kanye nokuba khona kwendandatho, ibukeka njenge-agaric yezinyosi zasehlobo, futhi ngenxa yombala nokuma kwesigqoko emifanekisweni yabantu abadala, kubonakala sengathi i-agaric yezinyosi zasebusika. Le mushroom kufanele ihlukaniswe ngokucacile namakhowe oju, njengoba inobuthi obulalayo. Ihluke ku-honey agaric yasehlobo ngokuba nesigqoko esinombala owodwa ngaphandle kwendawo elula phakathi kwesigqoko, futhi kusukela ku-honey agaric yasebusika phambi kwendandatho kanye namapuleti avamile kakhulu.

Ukudla: ubuthi obubulalayo!

I-Calocera.

Manje sekuyisikhathi sezimpondo. Zivela, kubonakala sengathi, phansi, kodwa empeleni ngokuvamile ezimpandeni zezitshalo naseziqwini ezindala, ezibolile ingxenye.

I-Calocera viscosa (i-Calocera viscosa).

Izindawo zokuhlala: phansi kwehlathi noma ukhuni olufile lwamahlathi aluhlaza naxubile, akhula ngamaqembu.

Isizini: September - November.

Umzimba wesithelo unobude obungu-1-5 cm, uqukethe imizimba ye-fruiting ehlukene ngendlela yezimpondo ezinamagatsha. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo umbala welamula ophuzi wezimpondo ezinamagatsha; eziningana zazo zingakhula zisuka esisekelweni esisodwa.

Umlenze. Awukho umlenze ohlukile, ovezwe ngokucacile, kodwa kunesisekelo esincane lapho izimpondo ezinamagatsha zinwebeka khona.

I-Pulp: nokunwebeka, ophuzi, aminyene, umbala ofanayo njengoba umzimba fruiting.

Amarekhodi. Awekho amapuleti anjalo.

Ukuhlukahluka. Umbala womzimba othela izithelo ungahluka kusuka kulamula ophuzi ukuya kophuzi ukuya kophuzi.

Izinhlobo ezifanayo. Ukunamathela kwe-Calocera ekuchazeni kufana ne-calocera emise okwempondo (i-Calocera cornea), ehlukaniswa nokungabikho kwegatsha lemizimba ethela izithelo.

Ayidleki.

Merulius tremellosus (Merulius tremellosus).

Izindawo zokuhlala: ezihlahleni zokhuni oluqinile eziwile, ezimila imigqa.

Isizini: September - November.

Umzimba wesithelo unobubanzi obungu-2-5 cm, ubude buka-3-10 cm. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo yi-prostrate semicircular, umzimba wesithelo oshintshashintshayo omise okwe fan nombala obomvana namachopho amhlophe akhanyayo. Ubuso bomzimba othela izithelo bunoboya-prickly, emaphethelweni kukhona amagagasi.

I-Hymenophore: i-reticulate, i-cellular-sinuous, i-creamy pinkish, ikhanya kakhulu phansi.

I-pulp incane, inwebeka, iminyene, ngaphandle kwephunga elikhethekile.

Ukuhlukahluka. Umbala we-fruiting body uyahlukahluka kusuka ku-pink kuya kukhilimu.

Izinhlobo ezifanayo. Ukuthuthumela kwe-Merulius kufana nesikhunta esiyisulphur yellow tinder (Laetiporus sulphureus), esihlukile ngokucijile, kodwa emaphethelweni ayindilinga kanye nokungaguquguquki opaque komzimba othela izithelo.

Ayidleki.

Isikhulumi esinsundu-ephuzi (Clitocybe gliva).

Isizini: Julayi kuya kuSepthemba

Izindawo zokuhlala: amahlathi axubile nangama-coniferous, akhula ngawodwa noma ngamaqembu.

Ikepisi linobubanzi obungu-3-7 cm, ngezinye izikhathi lifinyelela ku-10 cm, ekuqaleni liyi-convex ne-tubercle encane eyisicaba kanye nonqenqema olugobe phansi, kamuva luyisicaba ngokucindezeleka okuncane kanye nonqenqema oluncane lwamagagasi, i-matte. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo ikepisi eli-brownish-orange noma elibomvu, eliphuzi-orange, eliphuzi eliphuzi elinamabala agqwalile noma ansundu.

Umlenze 3-6 cm ukuphakama, 5-12 mm ubukhulu, cylindrical, ngisho noma kancane igobile, kancane emincane ngasesisekelo, fibrous, nge pubescence emhlophe eduze nesisekelo, umbala ofanayo nge cap noma lighter, ngokuvamile yellow-ocher.

Inyama iqinile, ikhilimu noma iphuzi, inephunga elimnandi futhi inomunyu kancane.

Amapuleti avamile, aminyene, ehla eduze kwesiqu, anamathele, ngezinye izikhathi abe yimfoloko, ekuqaleni akhanyayo noma aphuzi, kamuva abe nsundu namachashaza agqwalile.

Ukuhlukahluka: umbala wekepisi uyahlukahluka kusukela ekukhanyeni futhi ophuzi-owolintshi ukuya ku-brown-orange.

Izinhlobo ezifanayo. Isikhulumi esinsundu-ophuzi ngomumo, usayizi nombala oyinhloko wekepisi sifana nesikhulumi esigobile esidliwayo (i-Clitocybe geotrapa), esihlukaniswa ngokungabikho kwamabala agqwalile futhi sinephunga eliqinile lezithelo.

Ukudla: amakhowe anobuthi ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwe-muscarine.

Inobuthi.

I-Hornbill iqonde (Ramaria stricta).

Izindawo zokuhlala: phansi kwehlathi noma ukhuni olufile lwamahlathi aluhlaza naxubile, akhula ngamaqembu noma imigqa.

Isizini: July - September.

Umzimba wezithelo unobude obungu-4-10 cm, ngezinye izikhathi uqukethe amagatsha amaningi anamagatsha. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo uhlobo olufana nekhorali lokhilimu omhlophe noma umbala omhlophe-pinkish ovela emizimbeni eminingi enamagatsha eneziqongo ezicijile ezihlukaniswe eyodwa noma ezimbili. "Amagatsha" ahlukene esikhunta acindezelwa komunye nomunye, i-branching iqala ekuphakameni kwengxenye kuya kwezingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zokuphakama okuphelele komzimba wezithelo.

Umlenze. Asikho isiqu esihlukile, esivezwe ngokucacile, kepha kunesisekelo esincane lapho imizimba yezithelo enegatsha ikhula khona, ububanzi baso sonke isihlahla busuka ku-3 kuye ku-8 cm ububanzi.

I-Pulp: imhlophe noma ikhilimu, kamuva ibe bomvu

Amarekhodi. Awekho amapuleti anjalo.

Ukuhlukahluka. Umbala womzimba wesithelo ungahluka kusuka komhlophe-ukhilimu kuya kophuzi kanye ne-ocher brown.

Izinhlobo ezifanayo. Uphondo oluqondile lubukeka i-comb hornbill (i-Clavulina cristata), ehlukaniswa "ngamagatsha" ane-scallops kanye ne-fringe phezulu.

Ayidleki.