Okuqukethwe
Umugqa onamabala uthathwa njengekhowe elinobuthi elinobuthi obuphansi. Lo mzimba othela izithelo, obizwa nangokuthi umugqa owonakele, uyimbangela yobuthi emathunjini. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukwazi ukuthi i-mushroom ibukeka kanjani ukuze ungayiphambanisi nezinhlobo ezidliwayo futhi ungayifaki kubhasikidi wakho.
I-Ryadovka shod, i-matsutake - uhlobo oludliwayo nolungavamile lwemizimba yezithelo, ehlonishwa kakhulu eMpumalanga Ekude. Kuyikhowe elimnandi elisetshenziswa kakhulu ekuphekeni eKorea, China, Japan naseNyakatho Melika. Inokunambitheka okuhle kanye nephunga elimnandi likaphayini.
Umugqa ubonwe: isithombe, incazelo nokusabalalisa
Siphakamisa ukuthi uzijwayeze nencazelo enemininingwane yomugqa onamabala.
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Igama lesi Latin: I-Tricholoma pessundatum.
Umndeni: Okuvamile (Tricholomovye).
omqondofana: ukugwedla okonakele, ukugwedla okunemilenze engamagagasi, ukugwedla okunamachashaza, Gyrophila pessundata.
umugqa: i-hemispherical noma i-convex, ububanzi buka-4-15 cm. Ngokukhula, ikepisi liyancipha, libe isicaba, ngezinye izikhathi kuba nokuhlehlisa kancane phakathi nendawo. Ingaphezulu libushelelezi, linombala obomvu-nsundu noma onsundu ngokuphuzi, linomkhawulo onezimbambo ezilula. Ngomswakama owandayo, i-cap ye-fruiting body iba ngamafinyila.
Umlenze: I-3-6 cm ubude futhi ifika ku-2 cm ubukhulu, i-cylindrical, ivuleke kancane ibheke phansi, ibushelelezi, i-fibrous, ngezinye izikhathi ingenalutho. Engxenyeni engenhla, indawo yokukhanya ephaphathekile ibonakala ngokucacile, eba nsundu ibheke engxenyeni engezansi yesiqu.
I-Pulp: ngokuvamile okumhlophe, ngezinye izikhathi kuba nombala onsundu ngokukhanyayo. Ukunambitheka kanye nephunga kukhona farinaceous, kodwa hhayi ukuphinyiswa, kancane baba.
Amarekhodi: kaningi, ukunamathela esiqwini noma ku-notched. Imhlophe uma isencane futhi ibe phuzi kumasampula amadala. Ngaphezu kwamapuleti amakhulu, umugqa onamabala unamapuleti amaningi.
Ukudla: amakhowe anobuthi.
Sikunikeza ukuthi ubone isithombe somugqa onamabala othathwe ehlathini likaphayini:
Ukufana nokuhluka: lolu hlobo lomzimba wezithelo lungadideka nokugwedla i-poplar - uhlobo oludliwayo lwamakhowe. Lesi sakamuva sihlukaniswa ngendawo ebushelelezi ye-cap, ebuye ibe nesimo esifanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugwedla kukabhabhulini akutholakali emahlathini avuthuluka nangama-coniferous.
Spread: ikhula ngamaqembu emahlathini axubile nangama-coniferous kulo lonke elaseYurophu naseMelika Ephakathi. Isikhathi sezithelo sisuka kuSepthemba kuya ku-Okthoba, kwesinye isikhathi sithatha uNovemba, uma isimo sezulu sisihle.
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Ukugwedla izigqoko: isithombe, incazelo kanye nesicelo
Igama elithi "matsutake" ngokwalo lisho "ikhowe likaphayini" ngesiJapane. Wabhapathizwa ngenxa yezimo zokuphila ezihambisanayo. Ngakho-ke, i-matsutake mushroom ikhula kuphela emahlathini kaphayini kanye ne-pine-oak.
Igama lesi Latin: I-Tricholoma caligatum
Umndeni: Okuvamile.
omqondofana: i-matsutake, ikhowe likaphayini, izimpondo zikaphayini.
umugqa: ububanzi, 6-20 cm ububanzi, obukhulu, inyama. I-Semicircular, ngokuya ngeminyaka iba yi-flat-convex ne-tubercle phakathi nendawo. Umbala uyahlukahluka kusuka kunsundu-mpunga kuya ku-brownish-chestnut. Ingaphezulu le-cap limbozwe ngezikali ezincane ezi-silky, ezitholakala kungemuva elilula. Imiphetho ivame ukuqhekeka, lapho ungabona khona inyama emhlophe.
Umlenze: iphakeme, ingafinyelela ku-20 cm, ugqinsi - kufika ku-2,5 cm, ivuleke kancane, ivame ukuthambekela, ishona eduze nomhlabathi, nakuba ibanjwe ngokuvikelekile empandeni. Ingxenye engenhla yomlenze we-mushroom ihlanganiswe nezicathulo ezimhlophe, khona-ke kukhona i-ring-skirt. Ngezansi kwendandatho, umlenze unombala onsundu onamabala amhlophe agqamile.
I-Pulp: elimhlophe, eliminyene, linephunga elincane lesinamoni.
Amarekhodi: ukukhanya, njalo, ukunamathela emlenzeni. Izibonelo ezincane zinefilimu yokuzivikela lapho amapuleti afihliwe ngaphansi kwayo.
Isicelo: inokunambitheka okuhle, iyigugu ku-Japanese, Chinese kanye neKorea cuisine. Ngemuva kokwelashwa okushisa, i-aftertaste emnandi isala. Kuyathoswa, kubiliswe, kufakwe emanzini anosawoti, kufakwe nosawoti. IMatsutake iqukethe isibulala-magciwane esikhethekile esinezinto zokulwa nesimila.
Ukudla: ikhowe elidliwayo, nakuba lingaziwa kangako, lihle kakhulu ezindleleni ezihlukahlukene zokucubungula.
Spread: indawo yaseMpumalanga naseNtshonalanga Yurophu, Canada, USA, Japan, China kanye Korea. Ezweni Lethu, ukugwedla izicathulo kutholakala ikakhulukazi eMpumalanga yeSiberia, e-Urals, nasezindaweni zasePrimorsky naseKhabarovsk. Ikhowe likhula emakoloni amakhulu, lakha lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "imibuthano yabathakathi". Isiqu sihlala sijulile enhlabathini, sicashe ngaphansi kongqimba lwezinaliti namaqabunga awile. Ithanda amahlathi kaphayini kanye ne-pine-oak, ithela izithelo ekwindla. I-mushroom ibekezelela kahle amaqhwa amancane, futhi ngaphansi kwezimo ezivumayo, ukuqoqwa kwawo kuyaqhubeka ngisho nasenyangeni kaNovemba.
Siphinde sinikeze, ukuze kucace, ukubona isithombe somugqa onezicathulo: