Umdlalo odlala indima

Umdlalo wokulingisa indlela yokufanisa isimo sengqondo esithuthukisa amakhono athile engqondo nezenhlalo.

Ukulingisa okungahleliwe

Imidlalo yokulingisa ngokuzenzakalelayo, lokhu ngokuyinhloko:

• imidlalo yezingane

“Bengishayela i-pan-pan, ebhulohweni ngokwami ​​…” Ingane idlala indawo yepani.

• imidlalo yasendlini (ngokuka-E. Berne)

Ngokuka-Eric Berne, imidlalo yansuku zonke iyiqoqo lemaski namaphethini okuziphatha asetshenziswa ngokuqaphela noma ngokungazi, kodwa ngenjongo ethile. “Iwuchungechunge lwemisebenzi eyengeziwe enomphumela ochazwe kahle futhi obikezelwayo. Kuyisethi ephindaphindayo yezinye izikhathi eziyisidina ezibukeka zizwakala zizwakala, kodwa zibe nesisusa esicashile; ngamafuphi, kuwuchungechunge lwezinyathelo eziqukethe isicupho, uhlobo oluthile lokubamba. Ngokwesibonelo:

Umdayisi: Le modeli ingcono, kodwa ibiza kakhulu, awukwazi ukuyikhokhela.

Ikhasimende: Ngizoyithatha! [ngisho noma ingxenye yenyanga isele ngaphambi komholo kanye namadola angamashumi amahlanu ephaketheni lakho]

Okujwayelekile "Sawubona!" - "Hhayi!" ngokuqhubeka mayelana nesimo sezulu kuyasebenza nasemidlalweni, njengoba kulandela isimo esichazwe kahle sesiko ngalinye.

Ukudlala Iqhaza Okungahleliwe

Ubudlelwano phakathi komlingisi nendima, umbhali kanye nezinhlamvu zombhalo noma isithombe, umdlali kanye nomlingisi bunzima kakhulu kunokuba bubonakale ekuqaleni. Okokuqala, kuyinqubo yezindlela ezimbili ethinta izinhlangothi zombili. Imaski ayibekwa eceleni, ikhula ngokuphilayo ebusweni. Akekho oyoke akwazi ukudlala lokhu noma leya ndima ngokufanele ngaphandle kokuba nezimpawu zomlingisi odlalwayo. Umdlali olungiselela indima yomlingisi ongafani nomlingiswa nganoma iyiphi indlela uzophoqeleka ukuthi athuthukise izimfanelo zalo mlingiswa, ngoba uma kungenjalo akukho nzuzo ekugqokeni imaski. Imaski efakwa ngomshini, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyikhwalithi ephezulu kangakanani, iyohlala iyimaski efile, engamukeleki emidlalweni. Ingqikithi yomdlalo akukhona ukuzenza umlingiswa, kodwa ukuba munye. Ozithobayo.

Izindima ezidlalwa abadlali

Umlingisi ukhetha inqwaba yezindima azidlalayo kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakhe. Umlingisi ohlakaniphile uhlala enweba lesi sigcawu futhi uzama izindima ezihluke ngokuphelele - lokhu akuwona amanga nekhono lokuzenzisa, kodwa ukuguquguquka kokwazi okukuvumela ukuthi ujwayele indima. Kodwa uma ukhulisa indima entsha kuwe, awugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa indima yakho, kodwa futhi ulenze libe yingxenye yakho. Mayelana Nemirovich-Danchenko, kubonakala sengathi, bathi lapho elungiselela ukudlala ama-scoundrels, besaba ukusondela kuye usuku lonke, hhayi nje ngesikhathi sokusebenza.

I-sublimation ekudaleni (ukubhala, ukudweba, umculo)

Umbhali udala igalari yezinhlamvu, ejwayela ngamunye wabo. Indlela yokudweba ama-self-portraits ayisigwegwe ayiyona ngisho ne-graphomania, lezi ziyizindatshana esikoleni esiphakeme, kodwa ukusho ukuthi lokhu noma lowo mbhali akazange azidonsele kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi akunangqondo ngokuphelele. Umbhali uzidweba kumlingiswa ngamunye, ngoba ngaphandle kwalokho akekho noyedwa wabo ongaphila. Ngisho noma umbhali ohlakaniphile echaza umuntu wangempela, ngeke nje kube u-Boris Godunov, uChernyshevsky no-Stalin, kuyoba ngu-Pushkin's Godunov, uChernyshevsky kaNabokov noma u-Solzhenitsyn's Stalin - umbhali uletha ingxenye yakhe njalo kumlingiswa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, njengakumlingisi, umbhali uthatha bonke abalingiswa, abakhulise kuye ngaphambi kokuchaza, babe yibo. Yebo, umbhali angazonda lokhu noma lokhuya komlingiswa wakhe. Kodwa - kuyingozi kakhulu kumbhali, ngoba iphenduka inzondo. Esihogweni ngalo mlingiswa.

Imidlalo yezindaba (ukulingisa, ukwakha kabusha)

Lokhu kuhlukahluka ngomqondo othile kuhlanganisa lezi ezimbili ezedlule. Umdlali angazikhethela abalingiswa abenziwe ngomumo, njengomdlali; angakwazi ukuziqambela eyakhe, njengombhali, angazithathela esezilungiselelwe futhi azishintshele yona ... Njengomlingisi, uyajwayela ukuphendula igama lomlingiswa, ekhuluma ngezwi lakhe, esebenzisa izimpawu zakhe zomzimba. Umdlali angathatha izinhlamvu eziningana (ku- «theoretic» ngisho ngesikhathi esifanayo), angakwazi ukuthatha izinhlamvu zabanye abantu futhi azidlale, ehlonipha umlingisi - ngenxa yalokho ukuhlonza nomlingisi kuba buthaka. Ukwakhiwa kabusha sekukonke kunikeza isithombe esifanayo esingokwengqondo.

Ukuqeqeshwa indima

Umehluko phakathi kokuqeqeshwa kokulingisa kanye nezinye izinhlobo zemidlalo ukuthi iqondisa ngokwemvelo, lokhu kuwumsebenzi onenjongo ezicini zobuntu zomuntu ngamunye. Ukuqeqeshwa kwendima kuvame ukusetshenziselwa

• ukuhlonza izici zezinhlamvu ezicashile (okuhlanganisa nezakhiwo ezifihliwe nezicacile)
• ukuheha ukunaka komdlali ezintweni ezithile zomlingiswa wakhe
• ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono okuziphatha ezimweni zalolu hlobo.

Ngokuya ngezici zomuntu siqu kanye nemisebenzi yokuqeqeshwa kokulingisa, umdlali angakhetha imigqa embalwa yokuziphatha phakathi negeyimu.

1. Iningi labadlali linamathela kweyokuqala nengokwemvelo: lena imaskhi yakho, ithintwe kancane futhi ithuthukisiwe. Isetshenziswa ngabaqalayo abaningi ekuqaleni kokwelashwa. Ukuze wakhe ukubonakala kokuqala komdlali, imaski yokuqala ivamise ukukwanela, nakuba imininingwane eminingi nama-undercurrents kuhlala kungacacile.
2. Njengoba isimo somdlalo siqhubeka, umdlali uyakhululeka futhi uzizwa eqiniseka ngokwengeziwe. Eqhubeka nokuzidlalela, kancane kancane uthuthukisa lesi sifihla-buso, esimweni esinemibandela esivumela okungaphezu kwalokho ayengakuvumela kungokoqobo. Kulesi sigaba, izici zomlingiswa ezicashile nezicindezelwe ziqala ukuvela. Umdlali unikeza abalingisi bakhe abathandayo lezo zakhiwo angathanda ukuzithuthukisa kuye. Ngakho-ke, lapha kulula ukubona isisusa sangaphakathi somdlali, esingaba sobala kubalingiswa bakhe. Kepha kunengozi yokuma: ngenani elikhulu lamacala, umdlali ngeke eqe lesi sigaba eyedwa. Ukulingisa amaqhawe ahlula wonke umuntu kuzoqala; amaqhawekazi wonke awafunayo, kanye nezinhlanganisela zalezi zinhlobo ezimbili.
3. Ezingeni elilandelayo, umdlali uqala ukuzama izindima. Uzama abalingiswa, ngokungafani kakhulu ne-mask yokuqala kanye nokunye okuxakayo nokungalindelekile. Cishe esigabeni esifanayo, ukuqonda ukuthi umlingiswa uyisibonelo sokuziphatha kuyeza. Ngemva kokwenza amakhono okuziphatha ezinhlobo ezahlukene zezimo, umdlali uqala ukuwahlanganisa empilweni yangempela, ezwa ukusetshenziswa kwamakhono okufana “nokulingisa” umlingiswa othile. Ngamanye amazwi, njengoba eqoqe inani elibalulekile lemigqa yokuziphatha, umdlali ubona ukuthi yimuphi kubo olungele isimo esithile (“Yebo, kungcono ngidlale lo mlingiswa lapha …”), okumvumela ukuthi enze okuthile ukusebenza kahle kakhulu. Kodwa le nqubo nayo ine-downside. Okokuqala, ingozi yokubambeka esigabeni sesibili igcwele ukuphunyuka nokuhlukaniswa kobuntu: umdlali uyesaba ukudlulisa amakhono okuziphatha kusuka esimweni semodeli kuya kwesangempela. Okwesibili, kunzima kakhulu ukunquma ukuthi ukulingisa ama-bastards "kuqeda umusi", ukukhipha imizwa engemihle - noma ukuthuthukisa amakhono. Ukuphindaphinda okuphindaphindiwe kungaletha amakhono engqondo nezenhlalo ku-automatism, esongela ngemiphumela emibi uma umugqa wokuziphatha ukhethwa ngumdlali ngephutha ekuqaleni.