Okuqukethwe
Ezinhlanzini eziningi zasemanzini ahlanzekile, ukuzala kuqala entwasahlobo futhi cishe kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo. Izinhlanzi zasolwandle zizala kusukela ngasekupheleni kwehlobo kuze kube uMasingana. Ngalesi sikhathi, kunemikhawulo ekudobeni, okuhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwezindawo zokubhukuda (isikebhe sokugwedla, isikebhe, nokunye). Endaweni ethile yokubhukuda esikebheni ekuvinjweni kokuzala esikebheni kuqedile, kodwa endaweni ethile kunqunyelwe. Kubalulekile ukwazi la maphuzu ukuze ungajeziswa yi-ruble.
Ukusetshenziswa kwesikebhe ngesikhathi sokuvinjelwa kokuzala
Imikhawulo yethulwa yimithetho efanele. Indawo yokudoba ngayinye inemikhawulo yayo kanye nezithibelo. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuphuma ngesikebhe, udinga ukufunda umthetho wesifunda sakho. Isibonelo, ngokwemithetho yezokudoba esifundeni saseNovosibirsk, izindawo ezithile zamanzi zivaliwe isikhathi sokuzala, kodwa hhayi zonke.
Imithetho inikeza uhlu lwezindawo ezithile lapho ukugibela izikebhe kuvinjelwe khona. Kwamanye amachibi akukho ukuvinjelwa. Kodwa kuyancomeka ukuthi ungathwali ama-tackle esikebheni, ngoba akwaziwa ukuthi umhloli uzokubuka kanjani lokhu.
Izinyathelo ezinjalo zisetshenziselwa ukulondoloza imithombo yemvelo. Iziphathimandla zibeka imingcele futhi ngaleyo ndlela zivumela abantu ukuba bazalane ngendlela evamile. Uma kungenjalo, umonakalo ongenakulungiseka uzokwenziwa emvelweni. Kodwa abaningi banesithakazelo kulo mbuzo, kungenzeka yini ukuhamba ngesikebhe ngesikhathi sokuvinjelwa kokuzala?
Kungenzeka yini ukudoba noma ukugibela nje
Ukuze uthole ulwazi olunembe kakhudlwana, kuyadingeka ukuthi ubhekisele ezenzweni zezomthetho ezilawulayo zesifunda esithile. Zingase zehluke kakhulu. Kuncike ekubeni khona kwezakhamuzi ezithile zasemanzini, izinombolo zabo nezinye izici.
Ngokwezibalo, umuntu ngamunye obanjwe ngesikhathi sokuzala uzokhipha izinhlanzi ezindala ezi-3-5 esikhathini esizayo. Ngakho, isisulu esisodwa singanciphisa izilwane ngokuphindwe kathathu, kahlanu.
Ngokuvamile, ukudoba amateur akunqatshelwe, kodwa kunemingcele. Ungakwazi ukudoba kuphela ogwini. Endaweni ethile ngisho nezingwegwe ezimbili zivunyelwe. Ngokuyisisekelo iyodwa. Ngokuqondene nokuthi kungenzeka yini ukudoba esikebheni ngesikhathi sokuvinjelwa, lokhu akunakwenziwa. Kwezinye izifunda, ukugibela isikebhe samanzi esinenjini akuvunyelwe ngesikhathi sokuzala.
Isibonelo, esifundeni saseMoscow, ngokwemithetho yokudoba i-Volga-Caspian basin, akuvunyelwe ukuhamba ngezinto zamanzi zomnotho emikhunjini emincane (ehamba ngezimoto) yanoma yiluphi uhlobo ngezikhathi ezivinjelwe.
Uma ukuzala sekuphelile, lokhu kuvinjelwa kokudoba esikebheni kuyayeka ukusebenza. Ungakwazi ukudoba ngawo wonke ama-tackle avunyelwe, futhi usebenzise isikebhe esinenjini noma ugibele nje. Izinsuku lapho izikebhe zingasetshenziswa zincike esifundeni.
Isibonelo, esifundeni saseNizhny Novgorod emfuleni we-Or, ukuhamba ngesikebhe kuvunyelwe ngemva kukaJuni 10. Okufanayo kuyiqiniso endaweni yokugcina amanzi e-Cheboksary. Ngemuva kukaJuni 15 echibini laseGorky elinemingenela. Ngokusho kweKomidi Lokubheka Ukuzingela Kahulumeni esifundeni saseNizhny Novgorod, ukusetshenziswa kwezikebhe ezincane ezindaweni zokuzalanisa akuvunyelwe. Ayiboniswa ngenjini noma ngaphandle kwayo. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, kuvela ukuthi ukuvinjelwa kusebenza kuzo zonke izikebhe ezincane.
Ezinye izifunda zivumela ukugwedla okulula, kodwa hhayi ezindaweni zokuzala, kodwa e-Yoshkar-Ola, imikhawulo ayinzima kangako. Ngokwesitatimende seNhloko Yezokulawulwa Kombuso, Ukuqondisa kanye Nokuvikelwa Kwezinhlanzi uSergey Blinov, kuvunyelwe ukuhamba ngesikebhe esinenjini uma ingenawo amagiya. Ezikebheni ezigwedlwayo kuvunyelwe ukuba nenduku eyodwa yokuntanta noma engezansi, kodwa hhayi ukudoba.
Uthini umthetho futhi ulawula ini?
Imboni yokudoba ilawulwa uMthetho 457 weFederal Law “On recreational fishing”. Le NPA icacisa amaphuzu abalulekile, okuhlanganisa nalawo avimbelayo. Kutuswa ukutadisha lesi senzo somthetho, ngoba umthwalo wemfanelo awuhlinzeki nje kuphela kwezokuphatha (inhlawulo nokuthathwa), kodwa futhi nobugebengu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uMthetho N 166 – FZ “Omayelana Nokudoba Nokulondolozwa Kwemithombo Yezinto Eziphilayo Zasemanzini” uyasebenza. Ilawula ukudotshwa kwezimboni, ukuzijabulisa kanye nezemidlalo.
Ngesikhathi sokuzala, ukudoba ngenjongo yokuthengisa akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele.
Kodwa abadobi abavamile bavunyelwe ukubamba izinhlanzi. Yiqiniso, kusukela ogwini kuphela hhayi ezindaweni zokuzalanisa okuqondile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umdobi akufanele asebenzise izinduku ezingaphezu kweyodwa. Izingwegwe ezimbili zivunyelwe. Iziphathimandla ziyethula lezi zinyathelo ukuze kulondolozwe imithombo yezinto eziphilayo zasemanzini, futhi zingagcwalisi umgcinimafa.
Ngo-2021, imithetho yokudoba ukuzijabulisa ibe nezinguquko ezinkulu. Abadobi abavamile sebebalindile isikhathi eside. Ngokwalezi zichibiyelo, azikho izindawo zokudoba manje. Ngaphandle kwezifunda ezisenyakatho, eSiberia naseMpumalanga Ekude. Abantu ababaluleke kakhulu futhi abayivelakancane batholakala kulezi zindawo zamanzi.
Kuzo zonke ezinye izindawo zamanzi (imifula, amachibi, amadamu), ukudoba okungavamile kuba sesidlangalaleni, ngakho-ke kukhululekile. Yebo, ngaphandle kwamadamu angasese, ukongiwa kwemvelo nokunye. Yiqiniso, phakathi nezikhathi ezithile, njengokuzala, kuye kwethulwa izinyathelo ezengeziwe ezivimbelayo.
Ngakho-ke, endaweni yamanzi ye-Saratov reservoir, ukuvinjelwa kokuzala kwaqalwa kusukela ekuqaleni kukaMeyi kuze kube yizinsuku eziyishumi zokuqala zikaJuni. Kwamanye amachibi, imithetho ibhalwe ngokwehlukana. Isibonelo, ukuvinjelwa kwethulwa kusuka ku-25.04. ngo-25.06. emanzini e-Big and Small Uzen.
Umthetho uphinde ulawule izinga lokudotshwa kohlobo ngalunye. Akubandakanyi ubuningi kuphela, kodwa futhi nobukhulu. Umthamo wansuku zonke akufanele udlule u-5 kg umdobi ngamunye.
Uma kwenzeka kuthunjwa umuntu osohlwini lwe-Red Book, kuyadingeka ukuyikhulula. Kwezinye izimo, akuvunyelwe ukuvuna izinhlanzi kanye ne-crayfish uma usayizi wabo ungahambisani nokuhweba.
Kwezinye izifunda, ukubala phansi akwenziwa ngesisindo, kodwa ngocezu. Isibonelo, e-Primorye, kufika ku-100 izingcezu zezinhlobo ezithile zezinhlanzi ezivunyelwe. Esifundeni saseLeningrad, kuvunyelwe ukubamba abantu abangaphezu kuka-5 be-zander ngosuku.
Umkhuba wansuku zonke awusungulwa ngesikhathi semidlalo neminye imicimbi.
Kuyafaneleka futhi ukwazi ukuthi kunezinye izithibelo ekusetshenzisweni kwezikebhe ezincane. Isibonelo, ngemuva kokuqala kokuqhwaza nangaphambi kokuphela kokukhukhuleka kweqhwa (ngaphandle kwenjini). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngisho nokuthola isikebhe emanzini akuvunyelwe.
Ingabe kunendaba ukuba nemoto?
Ukuba khona kwemoto endizeni yamanzi kunomphumela ongemuhle kubameleli bezilwane, okungukuthi, umsindo wenjini uyesabisa izinhlanzi futhi iyeka ukudla ngendlela evamile, kuvela ezinye iziphazamiso, kamuva ezithinta inqubo yokuzala. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kungathinta kakhulu izinombolo zayo. Ngakho-ke, kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa isikebhe esinenjini ngesikhathi sokuzala.
Isibonelo, kwezinye izifundo, izikebhe ezinenjini kuphela ezivinjelwe, kodwa futhi ne-jet skis, ama-catamarans, izikebhe zomkhumbi ngisho nama-kayaks. Ngokuvamile, imithetho icacisa imizimba ethile yamanzi kanye nemigomo yokuvinjelwa. Umphulaphuli angathola inhlawulo yemoto ngesikhathi sokuzala.
Ngo-Okthoba 2017, ukuvinjelwa kokudoba i-Baikal omul kwethulwa. Cishe eminyakeni emine, inani lezinhlobo ezingavamile likhule ngo-15-20%, kusho uLeonid Mikhailik, iNhloko yegatsha laseBaikal le-Federal State Budgetary Institution.
Ngo-2017, inani le-biospecies lehla ngamathani ayisishiyagalombili. Izinyathelo ezifike ngesikhathi zenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukulungisa isimo, futhi izinhlanzi zaqala ukuzala. Izingxoxo seziqalile ngisho nokususa ukuvinjelwa, kodwa izinsuku eziqondile azikamenyezelwa.
Isibopho kanye nezinhlawulo zokusebenzisa izikebhe ezincane zokuzalanisa
Ukukhishwa kwemithombo yebhayoloji yasemanzini ukuze kuzalelwe ngokuphula umthetho kungaholela ezijezisweni zokuphatha noma zobugebengu. Inhlawulo yokuhambahamba ezindaweni zokuzala, ngokweKhodi Yamacala Okuphatha, isukela kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezimbili kuya kwezinhlanu. Lesi sijeziso sibhalwe ku-athikili 8.37 yengxenye 2 ye-Code of Administrative Offences of the Russian Federation. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isikebhe kanye ne-tackle kuyathathwa. Izikhulu zizokhokha ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-20-30 ngesenzo esifanayo, nezinhlangano ezisemthethweni 100-200 ayizinkulungwane.
Ukulawulwa kokuhambisana nemithetho yokudoba akwenziwa kuphela ngabahloli bokuhlola izinhlanzi, kodwa namaphoyisa (kuhlanganise namaphoyisa omgwaqo), izikhulu zemingcele, uma indawo yamanzi itholakala endaweni yomngcele. Le minyango ingase imise imoto ngenhloso yokuqinisekisa ukuthi iyahambisana nomthetho wezokudoba.
Ngaphezu kweKhodi Yamacala Okuphatha, isijeziso singabekwa ngokuhambisana nezenzo zomthetho zezihloko. Ngakho-ke esifundeni saseNizhny Novgorod ukuze kusetshenziswe isikebhe ezindaweni zokuzala (ngesikhathi sokuzala) inhlawulo yokuphatha ibekwe inani lama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-2-4. Isibopho sezomthetho sihlinzekelwe ku-Athikili 5.14. Ikhodi Yesifunda saseNizhny Novgorod ngamacala okuphatha.
Kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi owephula umthetho angalethwa ngaphezu kwalokho ngaphansi kweKhodi Yamacala Okuphatha. Ngecala elifanayo, isakhamuzi asinakushushiswa kabili noma ngaphezulu.
Kodwa uma wenza isimo sibe sibi nakakhulu, ngeke neze uphume ekhoneni. Imfuneko ukudoba izakhamuzi zasemanzini ngesikebhe esinenjini ngamavolumu amakhulu. Lesi senzo, ngokwe-athikili 256 ye-Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, sihlanganisa inhlawulo yama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-300-500, umsebenzi wokuqondisa izigwegwe, noma ukugqunywa ejele iminyaka emibili.
Ungawela ngaphansi kwesibopho sobugebengu uma kwenzeka umonakalo kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-100.
Ake sithathe isibonelo. Ukudoba ama-sturgeon akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele. I-sturgeon eyodwa ilinganiselwa kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-160. Ngokunjalo, kwanele ukuthi ozingela ngokungemthetho abambe umuntu oyedwa ukuze aye ejele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani elithile lizokhokhiswa ngomonakalo ohlotsheni olubalulekile.
Ungaphuli umthetho futhi unakekele imvelo!