U-Colin Campbell, usosayensi waseMelika, wenza ucwaningo olukhulu ngobudlelwano phakathi kokudla nempilo. Wachaza imiphumela yalo msebenzi womhlaba wonke encwadini yakhe ethi The China Study.
Bangama-96% abantu abavela ezifundeni ezingaphezu kuka-2400 eChina abahloliwe. Zonke izigameko zokufa kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zomdlavuza zacwaningwa. Kuphela ku-2-3% yamacala amathumba amabi ngenxa yezakhi zofuzo. Ngakho-ke, ososayensi baqala ukubheka ubudlelwano bezifo nendlela yokuphila, ukudla okunomsoco kanye nemvelo.
Ubudlelwano phakathi komdlavuza nokudla busobala. Ngokwesibonelo, thatha umdlavuza webele. Kunezici ezimbalwa eziyinhloko eziyingozi zokuvela kwayo, futhi ukudla okunomsoco kuthinta ukubonakaliswa kwabo ngendlela esobala kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukudla okuphezulu kwamaprotheni ezilwane kanye nama-carbohydrate ahlanzekile kwandisa izinga lamahomoni wesifazane kanye namazinga e-cholesterol yegazi - lezi yizici ze-2 ezingase zikhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kwezicubu ezinomdlavuza.
Uma kukhulunywa ngomdlavuza wekoloni, isixhumanisi sicaca nakakhulu. Lapho sebeneminyaka engu-70, inani elikhulu labantu emazweni lapho uhlobo lokudla lwaseNtshonalanga lwamukelwa khona luba nesimila emathunjini amakhulu. Isizathu salokhu ukuhamba kancane, ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha agcwele kanye nama-carbohydrate acwengekile, kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-fiber ephansi kakhulu ekudleni.
Ososayensi bathole ukuthi enye yezimbangela zokugula kwabacebile i-cholesterol ephezulu egazini. Uma i-cholesterol iphakeme, akuyona nje inhliziyo engakwazi ukuhlupheka, kodwa futhi isibindi, amathumbu, amaphaphu, ingozi ye-leukemia, umdlavuza wobuchopho, amathumbu, amaphaphu, isifuba, isisu, umminzo, njll.
Uma sithatha isilinganiso sabantu emhlabeni wonke njengesisekelo: ngokuchuma okwandayo, abantu baqala ukudla inyama eyengeziwe nemikhiqizo yobisi, ngamanye amazwi, amaprotheni ezilwane amaningi, aholela ekwakhiweni kwe-cholesterol. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, phakathi nocwaningo, kwatholakala ukuhlobana okuhle phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yezilwane kanye nokwanda kwamazinga e-cholesterol. Futhi ezimeni lapho imisoco itholwe ngabantu, ikakhulukazi ekudleni kwezitshalo, kwatholakala ukuhlobana nokwehla kwamazinga e-cholesterol yegazi.
Ake sibhekisise izifo ezijwayelekile kubantu abavela ezindaweni zabadla izambane likapondo.
Esinye sezimbangela eziyinhloko ze-myocardial infarction - ama-atherosclerotic plaques - anamafutha ngokwawo, futhi aqukethe amaprotheni, amafutha nezinye izingxenye ezinqwabelana ezindongeni zangaphakathi zemithambo. Ngo-1961, ososayensi abavela ku-National Heart Institute benza i-Framingham Heart Study edumile. Indima ebalulekile kuyo yanikezwa ithonya enhliziyweni yezinto ezifana namazinga e-cholesterol, umsebenzi womzimba, ukudla okunomsoco, ukubhema nomfutho wegazi. Kuze kube manje, lolu cwaningo lusaqhubeka, futhi isizukulwane sesine sezakhamizi zaseFramingham sike sabhekana naso. Ososayensi bathola ukuthi amadoda anamazinga e-cholesterol egazi angaphezu kuka-6,3 mmol anamathuba aphindwe kathathu okuba nesifo senhliziyo.
U-Lester Morrison ngo-1946 waqala ucwaningo lokuhlonza ubudlelwano phakathi komsoco kanye nesifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi. Eqenjini elithile leziguli ezasinda ekufakweni kwe-myocardial infarction, watusa ukulondoloza ukudla okuvamile, futhi kwabanye wanciphisa ngokuphawulekayo ukudla kwazo amafutha ne-cholesterol. Eqenjini lokuhlola, kwakungavunyelwe ukudla: inyama, ubisi, ukhilimu, ibhotela, izikhupha zamaqanda, isinkwa, ama-dessert alungiselelwe usebenzisa le mikhiqizo. Imiphumela yayimangalisa ngempela: ngemva kweminyaka engu-8, abantu abangu-24% kuphela abavela eqenjini lokuqala (ukudla kwendabuko) bahlala bephila. Eqenjini lokuhlola, abaningi abangaba ngu-56% basinda.
Ngo-1969, kwashicilelwa olunye ucwaningo mayelana nezinga lokufa kwabantu abavela ezifweni zenhliziyo emazweni ahlukene. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi amazwe afana neYugoslavia, India, Papua New Guinea awaphathwa nhlobo isifo senhliziyo. Kula mazwe, abantu badla amafutha angagcwele kakhulu namaprotheni ezilwane futhi badla okusanhlamvu, imifino nezithelo.
Omunye usosayensi, uCaldwell Esselstyn, wenze ucwaningo ezigulini zakhe. Umgomo wakhe oyinhloko kwakuwukwehlisa izinga le-cholesterol egazini labo lifinyelele ezingeni elivamile lika-3,9 mmol/L. Ucwaningo lwaluhilela abantu abanezinhliziyo ezivele zingenampilo - iziguli ze-18 ku-aggregate zinezimo ze-49 zokuwohloka kwenhliziyo phakathi nokuphila kwazo, kusukela ku-angina kuya ku-stroke kanye ne-myocardial infarction. Ekuqaleni kocwaningo, izinga le-cholesterol elijwayelekile lafinyelela ku-6.4 mmol/l. Phakathi nohlelo, leli zinga lehlisiwe lafika ku-3,4 mmol/l, ngisho nangaphansi kwalokho okushiwo emsebenzini wocwaningo. Ngakho wawuyini umnyombo wokuhlolwa? UDkt. Esselstyn wabethula ekudleni okugwema imikhiqizo yezilwane, ngaphandle kweyogathi enamafutha amancane nobisi. Ngokuphawulekayo, cishe u-70% weziguli wathola ukuvulwa kwemithambo evalekile.
Ingasaphathwa yocwaningo oluyingqophamlando oluthi Healing the Heart with Healthy Lifestyle, lapho uDkt. Dean Ornish ephatha iziguli zakhe ngokudla okunamafutha amancane, okusekelwe ezitshalweni. Wayala ukuba athole emafutheni kuphela i-10% yokudla kwansuku zonke. Ngandlela thize, lokhu kusikhumbuza ukudla kukaDouglas Graham 80/10/10. Iziguli zingadla ukudla okuningi okusekelwe ezitshalweni njengoba zithanda: imifino, izithelo, okusanhlamvu. Futhi, uhlelo lokuvuselela lwaluhlanganisa ukuvivinya umzimba izikhathi ezingu-3 ngesonto, ukuvivinya umzimba kokuphefumula nokuphumula. Ezifundweni ezingama-82%, kube nokuncipha okukhulu kwamazinga e-cholesterol, ukwehla kokuvinjwa kwemithambo yegazi futhi azikho izimo zokubuya kwezifo zenhliziyo.
Esinye “isifo sabacebile”, ngokuxakayo, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile. Futhi isizathu siyafana - ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwamafutha agcwele. Ngisho nakuma-calories, i-1 g yamafutha iqukethe i-9 kcal, kanti i-1 g yamaprotheni nama-carbohydrate iqukethe ama-4 kcal ngayinye. Kuyafaneleka ukukhumbula amasiko ase-Asia abelokhu edla ukudla kwezitshalo iminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezimbalwa, futhi phakathi kwabo kukhona abantu abangavamile ukukhuluphala. Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kuvame ukuhambisana nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 5. Njengezifo eziningi ezingamahlalakhona, isifo sikashukela sivame kakhulu kwezinye izifunda zomhlaba kunakwezinye. U-Harold Himsworth wenze ucwaningo olukhulu oluqhathanisa ukudla okunomsoco kanye nesifo sikashukela. Lolu cwaningo luhlanganise amazwe angama-20: Japan, USA, Holland, Great Britain, Italy. Usosayensi wathola ukuthi kwamanye amazwe abantu babedla ikakhulukazi ukudla kwezilwane, kanti kwamanye kwakunothile ngama-carbohydrate. Njengoba ukusetshenziswa kwama-carbohydrate kukhula futhi kuncipha ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha, izinga lokufa kwesifo sikashukela liyancipha lisuka ezimweni ezi-3 kuye kweziyi-100 kubantu abayi-000.
Elinye iqiniso elimangalisayo ukuthi phakathi nangemva kweMpi Yezwe Yesibili, ngenxa yokwehla kwezinga lokuphila labantu, ukudla kwashintsha kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa kwemifino nokusanhlamvu kwanda, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha kwehla, isifo sikashukela, ukukhuluphala, isifo senhliziyo nomdlavuza sehle kakhulu. . Kodwa-ke, ukufa ngenxa yezifo ezithathelwanayo nezinye ezihlobene nezimo zokuphila ezimbi kuye kwanda. Nokho, ngawo-1950, njengoba abantu beqala ukudla amafutha amaningi noshukela futhi, izigameko “zezifo zabacebile” zaqala ukwanda futhi.
Ingabe lesi akusona isizathu sokucabanga ngokuyeka ukudla amafutha agcwele amafutha ukuze uthande izithelo, imifino, nokusanhlamvu?