Okuqukethwe
Phrinta() - mhlawumbe umyalo wokuqala umuntu oqalayo ahlangana nawo lapho efunda iPython kusukela ekuqaleni. Cishe wonke umuntu uqala ngokubingelela okulula esikrinini futhi aqhubekele phambili ekuqhubekiseni isifundo se-syntax, imisebenzi nezindlela zolimi, ngaphandle kokucabanga ngezici ezengeziwe. phrinta (). Nokho, ku-Pythkokuthi 3 lo myalo unikeza ukufinyelela kumsebenzi okhipha idatha oyisisekelo namapharamitha awo angokwemvelo namandla. Ukwazi lezi zici kuzokuvumela ukuthi ulungiselele ukukhishwa kwedatha esimweni ngasinye esithile.
Faka Izinzuzo ukuphrinta() ku Python 3
Enguqulweni yesithathu ye-Python ukuphrinta() kufakwe kusethi eyisisekelo yemisebenzi. Lapho wenza isheke uhlobo(ukuphrinta) ulwazi luyaboniswa: class 'builtin_umsebenzi_or_indlela'. IZwi builtin ibonisa ukuthi umsebenzi ohlolwayo ungaphakathi komugqa.
Yekelahezintweni ezi-3 zokukhiphayo (intos) zibekwe kubakaki ngemva kwegama ukuphrinta. Esibonelweni somphumela wokubingelela kwendabuko, kuzobukeka kanjena:
Ukuze I-Python 3: phrinta('Sawubona, Mhlaba!').
Ku-Python 2, isitatimende sisetshenziswa ngaphandle kwabakaki: ukuphrinta 'Sawubona, Umhlaba! '
Umphumela kuzo zombili izinguqulo uzofana: Sawubona, Umhlaba!
Uma kunguqulo yesibili yePython amanani ngemuva ukuphrinta faka kubakaki, bese kuzovezwa i-tuple - uhlobo lwedatha oluwuhlu olungenakuguquleka:
phrinta (1, 'okokuqala', 2, 'isibili')
(1, 'owokuqala', 2, 'wesibili')
Lapho uzama ukususa amabakaki ngemva ukuphrinta enguqulweni yesithathu yePython, uhlelo luzonikeza iphutha le-syntax.
phrinta ("Sawubona, Umhlaba!")Ifayela "", umugqa woku-1 uphrinte "Sawubona, Umhlaba!" ^ I-SyntaxError: Abakaki abashodayo lapho bebizelwa 'phrinta'. Ingabe ubuqonde ukuphrinta("Sawubona, Umhlaba!")?
Okukhethekile kwe-print() syntax kuPython 3
I-syntax yomsebenzi phrinta () kuhlanganisa into yangempela noma izinto (izinto), okungabuye kubizwe ngokuthi amanani (namagugu) noma izakhi (izinto), kanye nezinketho ezimbalwa. Indlela izinto ezinikezwa ngayo inqunywa ama-agumenti amane anegama: isihlukanisi sesici (September), intambo ephrintiwe ngemva kwazo zonke izinto (ekupheleni), ifayela lapho idatha ikhishwa khona (umucu), kanye nepharamitha enesibopho sokubhafa okukhiphayo (Fula).
phrinta(inani, ..., sep='', ukuphela='n', ifayela=sys.stdout, flush=Amanga)
Ucingo lomsebenzi luyenzeka ngaphandle kokucacisa amanani epharamitha futhi ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izinto: phrinta (). Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa imingcele ezenzakalelayo, futhi uma zingekho izakhi, uhlamvu lwentambo olungenalutho olungaboniswa luzoboniswa - empeleni, inani lepharamitha. ekupheleni - 'n'. Ucingo olunjalo, isibonelo, lungasetshenziselwa ukuhlehlisa okuqondile phakathi kwamaphini.
Wonke ama-agumenti okungewona amagama angukhiye (izinto) abhalwa ekusakazweni kwedatha, aguqulelwe kuyunithi yezinhlamvu ehlukaniswe September futhi kuqediwe ekupheleni. Izingxabano zepharamitha September и ekupheleni futhi abe nohlobo lweyunithi yezinhlamvu, angase angacaciswa lapho kusetshenziswa amanani azenzakalelayo.
Ipharamitha September
Amanani awo wonke amapharamitha ukuphrinta zichazwa njengezimpikiswano zamagama angukhiye September, ekupheleni, umucu, Fula. Uma ipharamitha September ayicacisiwe, bese kusetshenziswa inani layo elizenzakalelayo: September= ”, futhi izinto eziphumayo zihlukaniswa yizikhala. Isibonelo:
ukuphrinta(1, 2, 3)
1 2 3
Njengengxabano September ungacacisa elinye inani, isibonelo:
- isihlukanisi silahlekile sep=»;
- okukhiphayo komugqa omusha isiqephu ='hhayi ';
- noma yimuphi umugqa:
ukuphrinta(1, 2, 3, sep='igama lesihlukanisi')
Isihlukanisi samagama esi-1 2 Isihlukanisi samagama 3
Ipharamitha ekupheleni
Ngephutha ekupheleni='n', futhi ukukhishwa kwezinto kugcina ngomugqa omusha. Ukushintsha inani elimisiwe ngomunye ukuphikisana, isibonelo, ekupheleni= ", izoshintsha ifomethi yedatha yokuphumayo:
phrinta('okukodwa_', ukuphela=»)
phrinta('okubili_', ukuphela=»)
phrinta ('ezintathu')
kunye kubili kuthathu
Ipharamitha umucu
functional phrinta () isekela ukuqondisa kabusha okukhiphayo ngepharamitha umucu, okubhekiselwa kuyo ngokuzenzakalelayo ama-sys.stdout – okukhiphayo okujwayelekile. Inani lingashintshwa libe sys.stdin or sys.stderr. into yefayela stdin kusetshenziswe okokufaka, futhi stderr ukuthumela amacebo otolika nemilayezo yephutha. Ukusebenzisa ipharamitha umucu ungasetha okukhiphayo kufayela. Lawa kungaba amafayela we-.csv noma we-.txt. Indlela engenzeka yokubhala iyunithi yezinhlamvu efayeleni:
fileitem = vula('printfile.txt','a')
def test(izinto):
kwesici ezintweni:
phrinta(isici, ifayela=into yefayela)
fileitem.close()
test([10,9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1])
Kokukhiphayo, izakhi zohlu zizobhalelwa printfile.txt owodwa ngomugqa.
Ipharamitha Fula
Le pharamitha ihlobene nokubhafa kokusakaza kwedatha futhi njengoba iyi-boolean ingathatha amanani amabili - Yiqiniso и Amanga. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, inketho ivaliwe: Fula=Amanga. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukulondoloza idatha kusuka kusilondolozi sangaphakathi kuya efayelini kuzokwenzeka kuphela ngemva kokuba ifayela livaliwe noma ngemva kocingo oluqondile oluya kufayela. shaya (). Ukugcina ngemva kocingo ngalunye phrinta () ipharamitha idinga ukunikezwa inani Yiqiniso:
file_flush = vula(r'file_flush.txt', 'a')
phrinta («Qophaimigqaвifayela«, file=file_flush, flush=Iqiniso)
phrinta («Qophayesibiliimigqaвifayela«, file=file_flush, flush=Iqiniso)
file_flush.close()
Esinye isibonelo sokusebenzisa ipharamitha Fula usebenzisa imojula yesikhathi:
Kulokhu, ingxabano Yiqiniso Ipharamitha Fula izovumela izinombolo ukuthi ziboniswe eyodwa ngesikhathi ngemizuzwana emithathu, kuyilapho ngokuzenzakalelayo zonke izinombolo zizovezwa esibukweni ngemva kwemizuzwana engu-15. Ukuze ubone ngokubonakalayo umphumela wepharamitha Fula, kungcono ukusebenzisa iskripthi kukhonsoli. Iqiniso liwukuthi uma usebenzisa amanye amagobolondo ewebhu, ikakhulukazi, i-Jupyter Notebook, uhlelo lwenziwa ngendlela ehlukile (ngaphandle kokucabangela ipharamitha. Fula).
Ukuphrinta Amanani Aguquguqukayo ngokuphrinta ()
Lapho ubonisa iyunithi yezinhlamvu equkethe inani elinikezwe okuguquguqukayo, kwanele ukucacisa isihlonzi esifiselekayo (igama eliguquguqukayo) elihlukaniswe ngekhoma. Uhlobo lokuguquguquka akufanele lucaciswe, ngoba ukuphrinta iguqula idatha yanoma yiluphi uhlobo ibe iyunithi yezinhlamvu. Nasi isibonelo:
a =0
b = 'Python kusukela ekuqaleni'
phrinta (a,'- inombolo, а',b,'- umugqa.')
0 iyinombolo kanti iPython kusuka ekuqaleni iyintambo.
Elinye ithuluzi lokudlulisa amanani aguquguqukayo kokuphumayo yindlela Ifomethi. Phrinta ngesikhathi esifanayo, isebenza njengesifanekiso lapho esikhundleni samagama aguquguqukayo kumabrace asontekile, izinkomba zokuphikisana kokuma zikhonjiswa:
a =0
b = 'Python kusukela ekuqaleni'
ukuphrinta('{0} iyinombolo futhi {1} iyiyunithi yezinhlamvu.'.Ifomethi(a,b))
0 iyinombolo kanti iPython kusuka ekuqaleni iyintambo.
Esikhundleni se Ifomethi uphawu lwe-% lungasetshenziswa, olusebenza kumgomo ofanayo wezibambindawo (esibonelweni sangaphambilini, abakaki abagobile basebenze njengezibambindawo). Kulesi simo, izinombolo zenkomba zithathelwa indawo uhlobo lwedatha olubuyiswe umsebenzi:
- isimeli %d sisetshenziselwa idatha yezinombolo;
- isimeli %s singesezintambo.
a =0
b = 'Python kusukela ekuqaleni'
ukuphrinta('%d inombolo futhi %s – umucu.'%(a,b))
0 iyinombolo kanti iPython kusuka ekuqaleni iyintambo.
Uma esikhundleni sesibambi sendawo samanani aphelele %d ucacise %sumsebenzi ukuphrinta izoguqula inombolo ibe yiyunithi yezinhlamvu futhi ikhodi izosebenza kahle. Kodwa lapho kushintsha %s on %d umyalezo wephutha uzovezwa ngoba ukuguqulwa okuhlanekezelwe akwenziwa.
Isiphetho
Ukusebenzisa umsebenzi ukuphrinta okukhethwa kukho okuphumayo kwedatha okuhlukahlukene kungenziwa. Ngaphezu kwezindlela ezichazwe kulesi sihloko, kunezinye izindlela zokusebenzisa leli thuluzi elizotholakala njengoba ujula emhlabeni wohlelo lwePython.