I-Toxoplasmosis

Ngaphandle kokukhulelwa kanye nezinkinga ngesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni, lesi sifo esithathelwanayo asibangeli nkinga ethile. Ingazibonakalisa ngesimo somkhuhlane omncane, ukukhathala okuncane, i-ganglia entanyeni ... Kodwa ezimweni eziningi, ayinikezi izimpawu. Ngakho-ke abantu abaningi abazi ukuthi ngabe sebenayo yini i-toxoplasmosis noma cha. Yingakho i-serology ye-toxoplasmosis inqunywe ngokuhlelekile ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa. Ngoba uma i-parasite ebangela lesi sifo idlula umgoqo we-placenta, umbungu usengozini yokufa. ku-utero, ukulethwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, i-neurological noma i-ophthalmological sequelae ...

Uma ukuhlolwa kwegazi kubonisa ukuthi amasosha omzimba (i-serology enhle), ungakhathazeki, awusakwazi ukubamba i-toxoplasmosis. Uma ungavikelekile, uzodinga ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha ukuze uzivikele ekuthelelekeni:

• Geza izandla zakho kahle, okungenani imizuzwana engu-30, uxubha izinzipho zakho, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuphatha inyama eluhlaza noma imifino engcoliswe inhlabathi;
• Yidla inyama ephekwe kahle, gwema ama-tartar nokupheka okungavamile;
• Gwema inyama ebandayo eluhlaza, ebhemayo noma enosawoti, kanye noshizi oluhlaza noma ubisi lwembuzi, kuhlanganise nesimo sikashizi;
• Hlanza imifino eluhlaza, izithelo ongeke ukwazi ukuzicwecwa nezitshalo ezinamakha ukuze ukhiphe zonke izinsalela zenhlabathi;
• Gwema i-shellfish eluhlaza;
• Geza izindawo zasekhishini nezitsha ngemva kokuzisebenzisa, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokusika inyama eluhlaza noma ukucwecwa izithelo nemifino;
• Gqoka amagilavu ​​lapho usebenza engadini;
• Uma unekati, ibhokisi layo likadoti kufanele lishintshwe nsuku zonke futhi, kuhle, ibhokisi ligezwe ngamanzi ashisayo. Uma ungakwazi ukunikeza lo msebenzi, gqoka amagilavu. Akukho okukuvimbela ukuba uphulule isilwane sakho, kodwa geza izandla zakho kahle futhi uxube izinzipho zakho ngemva kokuthintana ngakunye.

I-Rubella

Lokhu kugula kwasebuntwaneni okubangwa igciwane elizungeza emoyeni lingadlulela ku-fetus uma lingenwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Umbungu ongcolisiwe ube usuchayeka ekukhuleni, ukulimala kwamehlo, ukungezwa, ukukhubazeka kwezitho zomzimba, ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo, ukuphazamiseka kokukhula kobuchopho, njll.

Namuhla, abesifazane abaningi abagonywa yi-rubella, ngenxa yokuthi bayibamba beseyingane noma ngenxa yokuthi bagonyiwe. Naphezu kwakho konke, i-rubella serology iyingxenye yokuhlolwa kwegazi okunqunywe ngokushesha lapho ukukhulelwa kwaziwa. Lokhu kulawula kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukusetha ukugada okukhethekile kwalabo abangagonyiwe (i-negative serology). Ngempela, i-fetus ingangenwa ngisho noma unina engenazo izimpawu ezivamile ze-rubella (ukuqubuka okuncane ebusweni nasesifubeni, ama-lymph nodes, imfiva, umphimbo obuhlungu kanye nekhanda).

Inqubulunjwana

Ibanjwe ebuntwaneni, i-chickenpox ibuhlungu ngamabhamuza ayo kanye nokuluma, kodwa ezimweni eziningi, ayibi kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma lingenwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, igciwane le-chickenpox lingaba nemiphumela esabekayo ku-fetus: ukukhubazeka, izilonda zemizwa, ukukhubazeka kwe-intrauterine ukukhula ... I-chickenpox isuke ihlotshaniswa nengozi yokufa okungama-20 kuya ku-30%.

Ukuvimbela le ngozi, manje sekuyatuswa kwabesifazane abafisa ukuba nengane futhi abangenawo umlando womtholampilo we-chickenpox okumele bagonywe. Ukugoma kufanele kwandulelwe ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa okungalungile, okulandelwa ukuvimbela inzalo kulo lonke uhlelo lokugoma, oluhlanganisa imithamo emibili okungenani inyanga eyodwa ngokuhlukana.

Uma ukhulelwe futhi ungavikelekile ku-chickenpox, gwema ukuthintana nomuntu ogulayo. Uma uke wathintana nomuntu ogulayo, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Ungase unikezwe ukwelashwa okuqondile, kungaba ngokujova amasosha omzimba athile alwa nentuku noma ngomuthi ovimbela amagciwane. Ukukhulelwa kwakho nakho kuzogadwa kakhulu.

I-Listeriosis

La Listeria ama-monocytogenes igciwane elitholakala enhlabathini, ezitshalweni nasemanzini. Ngakho-ke ingatholakala ekudleni okuvela ezitshalweni noma ezilwaneni, kuhlanganisa noma kufakwe esiqandisini. I-listeriosis ebangelwa Listeria monocytogene kuyisifo esingavamile kodwa esibi kakhulu uma kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa (50 ngoba ngonyaka eFrance) ngoba kungabangela ukuphuphuma kwesisu, ukudiliva ngaphambi kwesikhathi, izifo kusana olusanda kuzalwa.

Kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, i-listeriosis ibangela ukushisa okukhulu noma okuncane, okuhambisana nobuhlungu bekhanda futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla (isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo). Ngakho-ke izimpawu ezinjalo zidinga iseluleko sezokwelapha ukuze ukwazi, uma kunesidingo, ukuzuza ekwelashweni kwama-antibiotic kanye nokuqapha okuphelele kokukhulelwa.

Ukuvimbela ukungcoliswa, ezinye izinyathelo zokuphepha ziyadingeka:

• Geza izandla zakho kahle ngaphambi nangemva kokuphatha ukudla okuluhlaza (inyama, amaqanda, imifino eluhlaza) futhi uhlanze ngokucophelela indawo yokusebenza nezitsha;
• Ungadli inyama eluhlaza noma engaphekiwe kahle, igobolondo noma inhlanzi eluhlaza;
• Ungawudli ushizi othambile ikakhulukazi uma enziwe ngobisi olungaphekiwe;
• Gwema inyama ephekiwe njenge-rillettes, i-foie gras noma imikhiqizo ye-jellied;
• Khetha ubisi olungenayo i-pasteurized.

Izifo ezithinta u-Urinary

Ukukhulelwa kuyinkathi eyingozi ohlelweni lomchamo ngoba kubangela ukwehla okujwayelekile kwamasosha omzimba kanye nokuvuleka komgudu womchamo, lo mgudu omncane okhishwa ngawo umchamo. I-urethra njengoba ikwazi ukungena kalula, amagciwane aya kalula esinyeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphansi komphumela we-progesterone nesisindo sombungu, esinyeni silahlekelwa ithoni futhi asisaphumi ngokuphelele, okuthuthukisa ukuntenga komchamo lapho amagciwane anganda khona.

Izifo zomgudu womchamo ziyinkinga ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ngoba uma isifo sifika ezinso (pyelonephritis), singabangela ukufinyela futhi ngenxa yalokho ukubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke qaphela uma ngokuzumayo uba nesifiso sokuchama kaningi, uzizwe ushisa lapho uchama, uba nesisu esibuhlungu nobuhlungu beqolo. Lezi zimpawu zidinga iseluleko sezokwelapha. Uma ukuxilongwa kokutheleleka kwe-urinary tract kuqinisekiswa, ukwelashwa kwama-antibiotic kufanele kuqalwe.

Ukunciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka kwe-urinary tract:

• Phuza phakathi kwamalitha angu-1,5 no-2 amanzi ngosuku;
• Chama ngaphambi nangemva kocansi;
• Yakha indlu yangasese yansuku zonke esondelene ngomkhiqizo omnene oguqulelwe ku-pH yezitshalo zangasese. Gwema ukusebenzisa igilavu, iyisidleke sangempela samagciwane, noma shintsha nsuku zonke;
• Gqoka izingubo zangaphansi zikakotini;
• Ungagcini i-swimsuit emanzi;
• Yelapha noma yikuphi ukuqunjelwa;
• Ungagodli ukuya endlini yokugezela futhi uhlale usula wena emuva naphambili ukuze ungasondeli amagciwane eduze komgudu womchamo.