Ikhowe lasePoland (Imleria badia) isithombe nencazelo

Ikhowe lasePoland (Imleria badia)

• I-chestnut ye-Mokhovik
• amakhowe ansundu
• i-pansky mushroom
• I-Xerocomus badius

Indawo yokuhlala nesikhathi sokukhula:

Ikhowe lasePoland likhula enhlabathini ene-asidi exutshwe (ngokuvamile ngaphansi kwe-oki, ama-chestnuts nama-beeches) kanye namahlathi e-coniferous - ngaphansi kwezihlahla ezineminyaka ephakathi, kudoti, enhlabathini enesihlabathi naku-moss, phansi kwezihlahla, enhlabathini ene-asidi ezindaweni eziphansi nezintaba. , ngabanye noma ngamaqembu amancane, hhayi njalo noma ngokuvamile, minyaka yonke. Kusukela ngoJulayi kuya kuNovemba (eNtshonalanga Yurophu), kusukela ngoJuni kuya kuNovemba (eJalimane), kusukela ngoJulayi kuya kuNovemba (iRiphabhulikhi yaseCzech), ngoJuni - Novemba (i-USSR yangaphambili), kusukela ngoJulayi kuya ku-Okthoba (our country), ngo-Agasti - Okthoba (eBelarus) , ngo-September (EMpumalanga Ekude), kusukela ekuqaleni kukaJulayi kuya ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba ngokukhula okukhulu kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-August kuya maphakathi no-September (isifunda saseMoscow).

Kusatshalaliswe endaweni enesimo sezulu esishisayo esisenyakatho, okuhlanganisa neNyakatho Melika, kodwa kakhulu e-Europe, kuhlanganisa. ePoland, Belarus, Western our country, the Baltic States, the European part of Our Country (kuhlanganise Leningrad esifundeni), Caucasus, kuhlanganise North, Western Siberia (kuhlanganise Tyumen esifundeni Altai Territory), Eastern Siberia, eMpumalanga Ekude. (kuhlanganise nesiqhingi saseKunashir), e-Asia Ephakathi (eseduze ne-Alma-Ata), e-Azerbaijan, eMongolia ngisho nase-Australia (indawo eshisayo eseningizimu). Empumalanga yeZwe Lethu akuvamile kakhulu kunasentshonalanga. E-Karelian Isthmus, ngokubona kwethu, ikhula kusukela esikhathini sesihlanu sezinsuku ezinhlanu zikaJulayi kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Okthoba futhi esikhathini sesithathu sezinsuku ezinhlanu zikaNovemba (ekwindla ende, efudumele) ngokukhula okukhulu ngesikhathi sokuphenduka. ka-August no-September nangesikhathi sesithathu sezinsuku ezinhlanu zika-September. Uma ngaphambili isikhunta sikhule ngokukhethekile emahlathini amaqabunga (ngisho nakuma-alder) futhi axutshwe (ne-spruce) emahlathini, khona-ke eminyakeni yamuva nje ukutholakala kwawo ehlathini eliyisihlabathi ngaphansi kwamaphayini kuye kwaba njalo.

Incazelo:

Isigqoko singu-3-12 (kufika ku-20) ububanzi, i-hemispherical, i-convex, i-plano-convex noma i-cushion-shaped ngokuvuthwa, isicaba ebudaleni, ukukhanya okubomvu okubomvu, u-chestnut, ushokoledi, umnqumo, amathoni ansundu namnyama. (ngenkathi yemvula - mnyama), ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nomnyama omnyama, obushelelezi, kumakhowe amancane agobile, avuthiwe - anomkhawulo ophakanyisiwe. Isikhumba sibushelelezi, somile, si-velvety, esimweni sezulu esimanzi - sinamafutha (ecwebezelayo); ayisuswa. Uma ucindezelwa endaweni ephuzi, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (okunomonakalo kuma-pores) noma ngisho namabala ansundu ansundu. Ama-tubules ane-notched, anamathela kancane noma anamathelayo, ayindilinga noma ayi-angular, ayi-notched, anobude obuhlukene (0,6-2 cm), anemiphetho enezimbambo, kusukela kokumhlophe kuya kokuphuzi okukhanyayo ebusheni, bese kuba phuzi-luhlaza ngisho nomnqumo ophuzi. Ama-pores abanzi, aphakathi nendawo noma amancane, ama-monochromatic, angular.

Umlenze 3-12 (kufika ku-14) ukuphakama no-0,8-4 cm ubukhulu, uminyene, uyisilinda, onesisekelo esicijile noma esivuvukele (i-tuberous), i-fibrous noma ebushelelezi, evame ukugoba, kancane kancane - i-fibrous-thin-scaly, okuqinile, okunsundu ngokukhanyayo , okuphuzi-nsundu, okuphuzi-nsundu noma okunsundu (ilula kunekepisi), phezulu futhi phansi ilula (iphuzi, imhlophe noma i-fawn), ngaphandle kwephethini yemeshi, kodwa inemigqa emide (enemigqa yombala we-cap - imicu ebomvu-brown). Uma icindeziwe, iphenduka ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, bese iba nsundu.

Inyama iminyene, iyinyama, inephunga elimnandi (elithelo noma i-mushroom) nephunga elimnandi, elimhlophe noma eliphuzi elikhanyayo, elinsundu ngaphansi kwesikhumba se-cap, libe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kancane ekusikeni, bese liphenduka libe nsundu, futhi ekugcineni liphinde libe mhlophe. Ebusheni kunzima kakhulu, bese kuba thambile. I-spore powder olive-brown, brownish-greenish noma olive-brown.

Okukabili:

Ngesizathu esithile, abaqoki bamakhowe abangenalwazi ngezinye izikhathi badidekile ne-birch noma i-spruce porcini mushroom, nakuba umehluko usobala - i-mushroom ye-porcini inomlenze onjengombhobho, umlenze okhanyayo, i-convex mesh emlenzeni, inyama ayishintshi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, njll. Ihluke kwikhowe lenyongo elingadliwa (Tylopilus felleus) ngezindlela ezifanayo. ). Ifana kakhulu namakhowe ohlobo lwe-Xerocomus (amakhowe e-Moss): i-motley moss (Xerocomus chrysenteron) enekepisi eliphuzi elinsundu eliqhekeka ngenxa yobudala, lapho kuvezwa khona izicubu ezibomvu-pinki, ubulembu obunsundu (Xerocomus spadiceus) obuphuzi. , isigqoko esibomvu noma esinsundu ngokumnyama noma esinsundu esifika ku-10 cm ububanzi (izicubu ezomile ezimhlophe-ophuzi zibonakala emifantwini), esinamachashazi, amafibrous-flaky, impuphu, okumhlophe-ophuzi, ophuzi, bese kuba mnyama, i-mesh entekenteke ebomvu noma eqinile ensundu ngokukhanyayo kanye nensundu ngokuphinki esisekelweni; I-flywheel (i-Xerocomus subtomentosus) enekepisi elinsundu ngokusagolide noma elinsundu ngokuluhlaza (ungqimba olushubhu olunsundu ngokusagolide noma oluphuzi ngokuluhlaza okotshani), eliqhekeka, liveze izicubu eziphuzi ngokukhanyayo, kanye nesiqu esilula.

Ividiyo mayelana namakhowe asePoland: