I-ovarian cyst iyisaka eligcwele uketshezi oluvela ku-ovary noma ku-ovary. Abesifazane abaningi bahlushwa i-cyst ovarian ngesikhathi sokuphila kwabo. Ama-ovarian cysts, ngokuvamile angenabuhlungu, avame kakhulu futhi awavamile ukuba bucayi.

Iningi lama-ovarian cysts kuthiwa ayasebenza futhi ahamba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, amanye ama-cyst angaphuka, asonteke, akhule kakhulu, futhi abangele ubuhlungu noma izinkinga.

Amaqanda atholakala ngapha nangapha kwesibeletho. Phakathi nomjikelezo ngamunye wokuya esikhathini, iqanda liphuma ku-ovarian follicle futhi lihambe liye ku-ovarian amashubhu fallopian ukuvundiswa. Lapho iqanda selikhishiwe ku-ovary, i-corpus luteum yakheka, ekhiqiza inani elikhulu le-estrogen ne-progesterone ekulungiseleleni ukukhulelwa.

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-ovarian cysts

Ama-cysts ama-ovari ukusebenza

Lezi zivame kakhulu. Zivela kwabesifazane phakathi kokuthomba nokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, ngoba zixhunyaniswa nemijikelezo yokuya esikhathini: ama-20% alaba besifazane banama-cyst anjalo uma kwenziwa i-ultrasound. Bangama-5% kuphela abesifazane abangemva kokuya esikhathini abanalolu hlobo lwesimila esisebenzayo.

Ama-cyst asebenzayo avame ukunyamalala ngokuzenzakalelayo phakathi namasonto ambalwa noma ngemva kwemijikelezo emibili noma emithathu yokuya esikhathini: ama-70% ama-cysts asebenzayo ahlehla emasontweni ayisi-6 kanye nama-90% ezinyangeni ezi-3. Noma iyiphi i-cyst ehlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezi-3 ibhekwa njengengaselona i-cyst esebenzayo futhi kufanele ihlaziywe. Ama-cyst asebenzayo avame kakhulu kwabesifazane abasebenzisa izivimbela-nzalo ze-progestin kuphela (i-estrogen-free).

Ama-cysts e-ovarian ephilayo (ayisebenzi)

Abanampilo emacaleni angama-95%. Kodwa banomdlavuza ezimweni ezingu-5%. Ahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezine :

• Ama-cysts e-Dermoid ingase ibe nezinwele, isikhumba noma amazinyo ngoba avela kumaseli akhiqiza iqanda lomuntu. Abavamile ukuba nomdlavuza.
• Ama-cyous ama-Serous,
• Ama-cysts ama-mucous
• Ama-cystadénomes I-serous noma i-mucinous ivela kuzicubu ze-ovarian.
• Ama-cysts ahlobene ne-endometriosis (endometriomas) ezinokuqukethwe ukopha (lawa maqhubu aqukethe igazi).

Le isifo se-polycystic ovary syndrome

I-Polycystic ovary syndrome ibizwa ngokuthi i-polycystic ovary syndrome lapho owesifazane enama-cyst amaningi amancane kuma-ovari.

Ingabe i-cyst ye-ovarian ingaba yinkimbinkimbi?

Ama-cysts, lapho engahambi ngokwawo, angaholela ezinkingeni eziningana. I-cyst ye-ovarian ingaba:

• Break, lapho uketshezi luvuza ku-peritoneum okubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukopha. Kudingeka ukuhlinzwa.
• Ukugoba (i-cyst twist), i-cyst iyazijikelezisa, ibangele ukuthi ishubhu lijikeleze futhi imithambo ifinyeze, ngaleyo ndlela inciphise noma imise ukujikeleza okubangela ubuhlungu obunamandla kakhulu kanye nokuntuleka komoyampilo we-ovary. Lokhu ukuhlinzwa okuphuthumayo ukuze kususwe i-ovary ukuze kuvinjwe ukuthi ingahlukumezi kakhulu noma i-necrosis (kulokhu, amaseli ayo afa ngenxa yokuntuleka komoya-mpilo). Lesi simo senzeka ikakhulukazi kuma-cysts amakhulu noma ama-cyst ane-pedicle encane kakhulu. Owesifazane uzwa ubuhlungu obubukhali, obunamandla futhi obungapheli, obuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokucanuzela kwenhliziyo nokuhlanza.
• Bleed : Lokhu kungase kube ukopha kwe-intracystic (ubuhlungu obuzumayo) noma ukopha kwe-peritoneal extracystic (okufana nokuphuka kwesimila). Ukuhlinzwa kwe-priori laparoscopic kufanele futhi kusetshenziswe.
• Cindezela izitho ezingomakhelwane. Kwenzeka lapho i-cyst iba nkulu. Lokhu kungaholela ekuqunjelweni (ukucindezelwa kwamathumbu), ukuchama njalo (ukucindezela kwesinye) noma ukucindezelwa kwemithambo (edema).
• Ngenwa isifo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-ovarian infection. Kungase kwenzeke ngemva kokugqabuka kwe-cyst noma ngemva kokubhobozwa kwe-cyst. Kudingeka ukuhlinzwa nokwelashwa ngama-antibiotic.
• Ukuphoqa uKhesari uma kwenzeka ukhulelwe. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, izinkinga ezivela kuma-ovarian cysts zivame kakhulu. 

   

Indlela yokuxilonga i-cyst ye-ovarian?

Njengoba ama-cyst ngokuvamile angenabuhlungu, ukuxilongwa kwe-cyst ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuvamile kwe-pelvic. Amanye ama-cyst angabonakala ku-palpation ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane lapho esemakhulu ngokwanele.

A ukuskena ivumela ukuyibona ngeso lengqondo nokunquma, ubukhulu bayo, ukuma kwayo kanye nendawo yayo enembile.

A i-radiography ngezinye izikhathi ikuvumela ukuba ubone ukubala okuhlobene ne-cyst (uma kwenzeka kuba ne-dermoid cyst).

A I-IRM kubalulekile uma i-cyst enkulu (ngaphezu kuka-7 cm)

A i-laparoscopy ikuvumela ukuthi ubone ukubukeka kwe-cyst, ukuyibhoboza noma ukukhipha i-cyst.

Kuhlolwa igazi, ikakhulukazi ukuthola ukuthi ukhulelwe.

Ukuhlolwa kwephrotheni, i-CA125, kungenziwa, le phrotheni ibe khona kakhulu kumdlavuza othile wama-ovari, kuma-uterine fibroids noma ku-endometriosis.

Bangaki abesifazane abahlushwa ama-ovarian cysts?

Ngokusho kweNational College of French Gynecologists and Obstetricians (CNGOF), abesifazane abangama-45000 balaliswa esibhedlela unyaka ngamunye ngenxa yesimila esingenasifo se-ovarian. 32000 ngabe isetshenzisiwe.