Into ngayinye ephilayo efakwe ohlelweni oluthile lwendalo ithatha indawo ethile kuyo. Izinga elilungile lokugcwalisa le-niche ngayinye liqinisekisa ibhalansi ye-ecosystem yonke. Uma i-niche igcwele kakhulu noma ichithekile, lokhu kudala usongo ebukhoneni balo lonke uhlelo, ikakhulukazi, kunto ngayinye ehlala kuyo. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, uma ibhalansi iphazamiseka, uhlelo lufuna ukuyibuyisela, ukususa ngokweqile futhi yenze ukushoda.
Kubonakala sengathi iqembu elincane lezenhlalo lingaphansi kwephethini efanayo. Kunoma yiliphi iqembu, inhlanganisela ethile ye-niches yenhlalo iyisici, okuthi, uma ingenalutho, iqembu lifuna ukugcwalisa, futhi uma ligcwele ngokweqile, bese lincishiswa. Lapho ejoyina iqembu, umuntu osanda kungena unethuba lokuthatha "isikhala" noma axoshe othile endaweni esivele igcwele, okumphoqa ukuthi athuthele kwenye. Kule nqubo, izimfanelo zomuntu siqu zidlala indima ebalulekile, kodwa hhayi enqumayo. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukwakheka kwezenhlalo nezengqondo kweqembu, okubonakala kunomlingiswa we-archetylic futhi kwenziwa kabusha ngokungaguquki okumangazayo emiphakathini ehluke kakhulu.
Idatha eminingi evela kunhlolovo ye-sociometric yamakilasi esikole ingacashunwa ukusekela lo mbono. (Kubonakala sengathi amaphethini abonwa emaqenjini alolu hlobo ayiqiniso impela emaqenjini abantu abadala asemthethweni nangakahleleki.) Uma kuqhathaniswa ama-sociogram ahlanganiswe ochwepheshe abahlukene emaqenjini ahlukene, izici ezithile ezijwayelekile ziyamangalisa, okungukuthi, ukuba khona okubalulekile kwezigaba ezithile zabafundi. esakhiweni cishe sekilasi ngalinye.
Ukuthuthukiswa okunemininingwane yale nkinga ngokunikezwa kwezindima ezithile zezenhlalo nezengqondo (i-niches) kudinga ucwaningo olunamandla amakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ake sigxile emfanekisweni osobala, ubukhona bawo obungaphawulwa kuma-sociograms amaningi - umfanekiso womuntu olahliwe, noma ongaphandle.
Yiziphi izizathu zokuvela komuntu wangaphandle? Umcabango wokuqala, oshukunyiswa umqondo ophusile, ukuthi indima yonqatshiwe ingumuntu onezici ezithile ezingakutholi ukuvunywa kwamanye amalungu eqembu. Kodwa-ke, okunye ukuqaphela okunamandla kuphakamisa ukuthi izici ezinjalo azisona isizathu njengesizathu sokwenqatshwa. Isizathu sangempela ukuba khona «kwesikhala» somuntu oxoshwayo esakhiweni seqembu. Uma le niche eqenjini isivele igcwaliswe othile, omunye, uthi, umuntu osanda kufika, kufanele abe nezici ezimbi kakhulu ezishiwo ukuze afanele ukwenqatshwa. Izici eziphinyiswe ngokulinganayo, njengalezo zomuntu wangaphandle "ovamile", zingase zingasakwazi ukubangela ukwenqatshwa. Ekubunjweni kwayo, iqembu lingakwazi ukubekezelela abaxoshwa ababili noma abathathu. Bese kufika ukugcwala kwe-niche, iqembu eliqala ukuphazamisa: uma kunamalungu amaningi angafaneleki eqenjini, lokhu kunciphisa isimo salo. Amanye ama-niches, abonakala ekhona futhi esakhiweni seqembu futhi amelwe indima yomholi ongakahleleki, "i-jester", "ubuhle bokuqala", ingagcwaliswa ngumuntu oyedwa kuphela. Ukuvela kombangi omusha wendima enjalo kuholela ekuqhudelaneni okukhulu futhi kunalokho okwesikhathi esifushane, okuzophela ngokushesha ngokususwa komuntu ohluliwe aye kwenye i-niche.
Nokho, buyela kumuntu wangaphandle. Yini eyayala isidingo sale niche esakhiweni seqembu? Kungacatshangwa ukuthi umuntu onikezwe isimo se-sociometric sokuxoshwa eqenjini wenza njengohlobo lwe-scapegoat. Lesi sibalo siyadingeka ukuze ukuqinisekiswa kwamanye amalungu eqembu, ukugcina ukuzethemba kwabo ezingeni eliphezulu ngokwanele. Uma le niche ingenalutho, khona-ke amalungu eqembu ancishwa ithuba lokuziqhathanisa ngokunenzuzo nomuntu ongafaneleki kancane. Umuntu wangaphandle onezici ezinamandla ezingezinhle uyizaba ezikahle kunoma ubani onalezo zici. Ngokubonakala kwakhe okusobala noma, kaningi, ukuzithoba okugcizelelwe ngokwenziwa, ugxila kuye ukuqagela kweqembu lonke "okubi". Umuntu onjalo ukhonza njengento edingekayo yebhalansi yawo wonke "i-ecosystem" ye-socio-psychological.
Kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuba khona kwekilasi lesikole, umphakathi wezingane ulwela ukuhlela ngokuhambisana ne-socio-psychological archetypes. Iqembu likhetha phakathi kwamalungu alo abantu abafaneleka kakhulu endimeni ethile yomphakathi futhi, empeleni, libaqhubela ngenkani ezindaweni ezifanele. Izingane ezineziphambeko zangaphandle eziveziwe, ngobudlabha, iziphukuphuku, njll., zikhethwa ngokushesha endimeni yabangaphandle. ithuluzi lokwenqatshwa emphakathini wezingane cishe alitholakali, ngoba alihambisani nomsebenzi wokugcina "homeostasis" yengqondo).
Kungase kwenzeke ukuhlola lo mcabango ngokuzama lokhu okulandelayo - maye, okunzima ukukusebenzisa - ukuhlolwa: emakilasini ayishumi nambili avela ezikoleni ezahlukene, ngokwemiphumela ye-sociometry, khetha abantu bangaphandle futhi bakhe ikilasi elisha kubo. Kungacatshangwa ukuthi isakhiwo seqembu elisha sizobonisa ngokushesha "izinkanyezi" zayo kanye nabaxoshwa bayo. Mhlawumbe, bekuzotholakala umphumela ofanayo ekuqokweni kwabaholi.
Kulula ukuqonda ukuthi isimo sokwenqatshwa siwumthombo wezinkinga ezingathi sína enganeni, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokucasula izinhlobo ezinganele zesinxephezelo. Ngabangaphandle abakha ingxenye enkulu ye "clientele" yezazi zokusebenza kwengqondo zesikole, ngoba badinga izinhlobo ezahlukene zokusiza ngokwengqondo. Esondela ekuxazululeni le nkinga, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo sivame ukufuna kuqala ukuqonda ukuthi yiziphi izici zomuntu ngamunye ezicasule ukubekwa kwale ngane kule niche engafaneleki. Akuvamile ukuthi kwenzeke ukuthi ingane yenqatshwe ngokuphelele ngokungafanele. Izici zakhe, okuyiziphambeko emehlweni kontanga, ngokuvamile akunzima ukuzibona. Ngakho isinyathelo esilandelayo ukulungisa. Ngokunqoba ukushiyeka, umsebenzi uwukugeza ihlazo lomuntu oxoshwa enganeni futhi umdlulisele esimweni esifanelekile. Ngeshwa, lokhu akusebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Futhi isizathu salokhu sibonakala eqinisweni lokuthi iqembu lidinga le niche egcwele ibhalansi yengqondo. Futhi uma umuntu engase akhishwe kuwo, khona-ke ngokushesha noma kamuva omunye uzompintshelwa kuwo.
Ukuchazela ofunda nabo bomuntu wangaphandle ukuthi baphatha umngane wabo ngesihluku akusizi ngalutho. Okokuqala, bazoba nokuphikisa okungenasisekelo njengokuthi "yiphutha lakho siqu." Okwesibili, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, izingane (kanye nabantu abadala) baziphatha ngale ndlela ngokuhambisana ngokugcwele nemvelo yabo engokwengqondo, okuyinto, maye, ikude nombono wobuntu. Ukuziphatha kwabo kuqhutshwa ukucabangela okulula: “Uma ngingengcono kunokuthile nokunje, khona-ke ngingcono kunobani, kungani kufanele ngizihloniphe?
Ukwakha kabusha uhlelo lobudlelwano eqenjini, ukuthuthukisa ukuzazi kwamalungu alo anqatshiwe kuwumsebenzi onzima kakhulu, ngoba kudinga ukuhlelwa kabusha okuqinile kombono wezwe weqembu lonke, ngokuyinhloko niche yalo ephumelelayo. Futhi njengoba inhlalakahle yakhe isekelwe ekwenqatshweni komuntu okhishwe ngaphandle, kuyadingeka ukuhlakulela ezinye, izindlela ezakhayo zokuziqinisekisa kanye nokugcina ibhalansi yezenhlalakahle nezengqondo. Ukuthuthukiswa kwale nkinga enkulukazi kudinga ucwaningo olungaphezu kolulodwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu kufanele anqobe umshini wokuthi, mhlawumbe, kukhona isizathu sokucabangela i-archetypal. Kwethenjwa ukuthi isixazululo sale nkinga sizoba yisihloko socwaningo olufanele.