On the edibility of amakhowe

Embuzweni wokudliwa kwamakhowe: ubuqili bencazelo

Intshisekelo "yokuzingela ngokuthula" igingqika ngamagagasi, iqinisekisa umlando wokujikeleza. Enkumbulweni yami yokuqaphela kwakukhona okungenani "amagagasi" amabili anjalo: eminyakeni engamashumi ayisikhombisa, lapho i-intelligentsia iphinda iphenduke "ubuso emvelweni", uyakhumbula? I-cacti enkulu emafasiteleni, ukuhamba ngezinyawo ehlathini, "umsoco wemvelo", "ushukela - ukufa okumhlophe", i-yoga, konke lokho. Futhi ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engamashumi ayisishiyagalombili - ekuqaleni kweminyaka engamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye, ngokumelene nesizinda sokushoda okujwayelekile, amashalofu angenalutho ezitolo zokudla kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwemigwaqo yezingadi zemifino, "amakhowe athatha indawo yenyama", "idlelo lizosindisa umhlaba" nezinye izindleko ze-perestroika.

Futhi manje, sibhekene nelinye igagasi elinjalo.

Ukuhamba ehlathini nakanjani kuwumsebenzi owusizo: umoya omusha, ukufudumala amalunga, ukuphumula kusukela ku-monitor. Futhi uma siphuma siye ehlathini hhayi ngesigamu-litre, kodwa ngebhasikidi yamakhowe - lokhu ngokuvamile kuhle kakhulu! Ukubheka eduze ukuze ubone ukuthi ikhowe lifihle endaweni ethile kuyasiza kakhulu emehlweni akhathele ukubuka i-TV, futhi ukutsheka nokugwajaza ukuze uthole kuwusizo emhlane nasemilenzeni.

Yini elandelayo? Wacosha amakhowe, futhi? “Ashesha afakwe emanzini namashumi amahlanu”?

Noma zama ukuthola ukuthi yini esinayo lapho kubhasikidi?

Eh, kuhle manje! Eminyakeni engamashumi ayisikhombisa eshiwo ngenhla, kwakungenzeka kuphela ukubonisana nogogo emnyango, kahle, mhlawumbe ngocingo. Eminyakeni yamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye, labo ababethuthuke kakhulu babekwazi ukubuza ozakwabo beFIDO, bonke abanye belulekwa yibo ogogo abafanayo emnyango. Futhi manje okuthile! Inqubekelaphambili yobuhle! Cishe wonke umuntu unamaselula anekhamera, i-clack-clack, kanye nenethiwekhi, ukuze uthole usizo lokunquma. Futhi umbuzo waphakade: "Ngingayidla?"

Kodwa empeleni, yini ongayidla futhi yini okungafanele uyidle?

Ake sizame ukukucacisa iphuzu nephuzu. Kodwa okokuqala, imithetho emithathu elula

Inombolo yomthetho susa okukodwa:

Angiqiniseki, ungathinti.

Kulungile, "ungathinti", hhayi "ungathathi." Ngoba kunezinhlobo eziningana zamakhowe anobuthi abulalayo, lapho yonke into inobuthi, ngisho nezinhlamvu. Uma bethi ubuthi obubulalayo, ungakuthathi lokhu njengesifenqo, lokhu kufanele kuthathwe ngokoqobo: abantu babulawa ubuthi bamakhowe. Uma i-mushroom ingaphawulwa njengobuthi obubulalayo, kodwa ibhalwe njengobuthi, awukadingeki ubeke izingozi: ubuthi buwubuthi, ukushaya kuzo zonke izinhlelo, konke akukho nhlobo lapho. Futhi imiphumela yobuthi ingaba mibi kakhulu, kusukela ekungagayeni ukudla, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, ukulimala kwesibindi nezinso kuya ekulimaleni kwesimiso sezinzwa, kuze kube sekufeni uma sekwephuze kakhulu ukufuna usizo.

Thatha isithombe sekhowe elingaziwa khona kanye ehlathini, ligcwalise ngenduku ohlangothini lwaso noma liguqule ukuze uthathe isithombe ezinhlangothini ezahlukene. Futhi sekwanele, makulale lapho.

Inombolo yomthetho uziro:

Asiwona ama-telepaths.

Yebo, iqembu elihle kakhulu selingene ku-WikiMushroom. Yebo, sizama ukukhomba amakhowe ngokunembe ngangokunokwenzeka. Kodwa sibona izithombe kuphela. Asizange sibone amakhowe "bukhoma", sinezithombe kuphela esinazo, futhi lezi zithombe zikude kakhulu nekhwalithi evamile. Ngakho-ke, ukwethembeka kokuzimisela akuhlali ku-100%.

Futhi ngikholelwe, bazokutshela into efanayo kunoma iyiphi insiza lapho kunenkonzo efana nayo ukubhula ukuhlonza isithombe. Ekugcineni, ukukhetha kungokwakho, funda izincazelo zezinketho ezihlongozwayo, qhathanisa nokuthola kwakho bese unquma.

Umthetho wokuqala:

Encazelweni eqondile yesikhunta, ngokuyinhloko unentshisekelo kuwe, wena olayisha isithombe ku-"Qualifier". Kusukela ekunembeni kokukhiqizwa kombala, kusukela ekubukhali kwesithombe, kusukela emininingwaneni yencazelo, kusukela ekutheni kukhona izithombe ezivela ezinhlangothini ezahlukene - kokubili ukunemba nokusebenza kahle kokuzimisela kuncike ngokuqondile kukho konke lokhu. Futhi, ekugcineni, impendulo yombuzo othi "kungenzeka yini ukudla?" futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ingabe kuphephile ukudla.

Ukunqunywa kwamakhowe ngesithombe

Ngakho-ke, uthumele isithombe sakho ositholile kumhlahlandlela futhi bakuphendule ngokushesha, isithombe sekhowe negama. Ake sibone ukuthi yiluphi ulwazi olubonakala ngokushesha lapha. Nansi imicibisholo.

Izithonjana zibekwe phezulu esithombeni sekhowe. Zifundisa kakhulu! Uma incazelo yawo ingacacile ngokuphelele, ungahambisa ikhesa kuzo, kuzovela inkomba. Esibonelweni sami, i-mushroom ayinakudliwa futhi inobuthi. Futhi lona kanye igama lekhowe kule block liyisixhumanisi sencazelo yekhowe, enezithombe ezengeziwe. Ngakho-ke, akunangqondo ukubuza ukuthi amakhowe ayadliwa yini bese ulinda impendulo: vele ubheke izithonjana, landela isixhumanisi futhi ufunde.

• ezidliwayo
• ezidliwayo ngokombandela
• okungenakudliwa
• unobuthi
• i-hallucinogenic
• ukuphulukiswa

Ngeke sikhulume ngabathathu bokugcina: ngezinobuthi, yonke into icacile kanjalo; mayelana nokwelashwa ngamakhowe, kungcono ukubheka ulwazi engxenyeni ethi "Mushroom Medicine" noma kumasayithi akhethekile; Ama-hallucinogens awavunyelwe ukunqunywa.

Kodwa ake sixoxe ngezintathu zokuqala ngokuningiliziwe.

Kusho ukuthini “Ikhowa Elidliwayo”?

Lokhu kusho ukuthi amakhowe anjalo angadliwa. Kuncike ekutheni awuguliswa yini amakhowe, kunjalo.

Kodwa masihlakaniphe!

Uma uqoqa ibhakede labamhlophe, elingaguquki ngokuphelele futhi elidliwayo nakanjani, lithose kanye kanye futhi lidle ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngikholwe, kuzoba kubi kakhulu.

Sifinyelela iziphetho:

– amakhowe adliwayo adliwa ngenani elifanele

- inqobo nje uma beziqoqiwe hhayi eduze komgwaqo omkhulu, eduze komgqomo kadoti, hhayi endaweni yokungcwaba izinkomo ezindala - khumbula izindaba ezesabekayo ngesitayela esithi "Babuthe abelungu bangempela futhi bazidlisa ushevu nge-cadaveric"? – ngenxa yokuthi amakhowe, njengesipontshi, amunca yonke into esenhlabathini, kuhlanganise nezinto ezingasizi ekugayeni kwethu ukudla.

Isibonelo yikhowa edolobheni, eduze nomgwaqo omkhulu. Lokhu akufanele neze kudliwe.

– inqobo nje uma amakhowe engekho esigabeni sokugcina sokuguga futhi engadliwa izikelemu.

Isibonelo, umhlophe, udliwe izikelemu ngokungenathemba:

I-Hedgehog, indala futhi ibolile kangangokuthi izinaliti zayo zifafazwa:

Kungani kungathandeki ukudla amakhowe amadala?

Umbuzo ophikisayo: udla luphi uhlobo lwesinkwa? Okusha, noma okudala nephunga elibi? Uthenga luphi uhlobo lwenyama? Inyama yenkonyane noma yenkomo ehlatshwe ngoba ingasakwazi ukuzala? Iyiphi inkukhu oyikhethayo? Abancane noma abadala?

Uma ngibona kumhlahlandlela isithombe samakhowe aphila amahora awo okugcina, ngesizathu esithile ngikhumbula le ndima evela kwaDumas, The Three Musketeers:

Isikhukhukazi esimpofu sasizacile futhi simbozwe yileso sikhumba esiwugqinsi nesishwabene okwathi, naphezu kwayo yonke imizamo, akukho thambo elingasibhoboza; kufanele ukuthi kade bemfuna, baze bamthola endaweni lapho acasha khona ukuze ashone ngokuthula ngenxa yokuguga.

Izibonelo zamakhowe amadala, amadala kangangokuthi kunzima ukuwabona, sinawo ngaphansi kwegama lekhodi elithi "izithelo ezomisiwe":

Noma yimaphi amakhowe, ngisho adliwayo kakhulu ngaphandle “kombandela”, anqwabelanisa “zonke izinhlobo zokungcola” ngokuya ngeminyaka - kusukela emvuleni, enhlabathini / okhunini, ngisho nasemoyeni. Futhi le "muck" ayihlali njalo ngemva kokubilisa. Lapho amakhowe ekhula, kuba yilapho enqwabelana khona izinto ezengeziwe ezingasizi ngalutho ekugayeni kwethu ukudla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezibonelweni ezindala, izinqubo zemvelo zokuguga nokubola kwamangqamuzana ziqala.

Isibonelo, isibindi esidala kakhulu, isikhumba esingaphezulu sesivele siphenduka sibe mnyama, imiphetho isomile, izindawo ezibolayo ziyabonakala eduze komlenze:

Kodwa amakhowe oju esekhulile kakhulu:

Kungani kungathandeki ukudla amakhowe “wormy”?

Okokuqala, yiqiniso, umbuzo ubuningi. Uma ubona i-wormhole endaweni ethile, ungenza sengathi awuzange uqaphele. Uma kuningi kubo, uma ungaboni izimbobo ezidliwa izibungu nezibungu kuphela, kodwa futhi nezibungu ngokwazo, udinga ukucabanga ngokucophelela. Futhi amahlaya "amakhowe anenyama" awahlali ephuzwini lapha, kunezibungu eziningi kangangokuthi awasewona amakhowe anenyama, kodwa inyama enamakhowe.

Ungakhohliswa iseluleko esithi “bamba amakhowe emanzini anosawoti, izikelemu zizokhasa.”

Izikelemu ngokwazo zingase ziphume, ngakho-ke inkinga ayikho kuzo, ukudla kwaseMpumalanga kubheka konke lokhu kukhasa nokugxusha njengento ewuju. Inkinga ukuthi sonke lesi sidalwa esiphilayo asigcini nje ngokudla amakhowe, kodwa futhi siyawagaya, bese silahla imikhiqizo yokugaya lapho, ekhowe. Uyafuna ukudla amakhowe anezibungu namandle? Kufana nokudla inkukhu ngobulongwe noma inkomo ngobulongwe.

Izibonelo, bheka, khona lapho konke sekudliwe, asisenalutho! Uthuli nemfucuza yezikelemu:

Futhi, yiqiniso, isici esibaluleke kakhulu ukuthi bonke laba bahlaseli balimaza kakhulu ukunambitheka nephunga lamakhowe.

Lisho ukuthini “ikhowe elidliwayo ngokombandela”?

Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-mushroom ayinayo ubuthi, ukuthi iyadliwa, kodwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile kuphela. Ini? – ngokuvamile ebhalwe esihlokweni mayelana mushroom. Okuvame ukwenzeka:

- Ikhowe liyadliwa lisemncane (imvamisa lokhu kubhekiselwa kusikhunta esidliwayo esidliwayo futhi kungenxa yokuthi njengoba likhula futhi livuthwa, amakhowe aba lukhuni, abe nokhuni, akwenzeki ukulihlafuna, njengaleyo nkukhu yaseTheku. Ama-Musketeer amathathu. Noma amakhowe aqala ukukhula kakhulu ebudaleni enambitheka ebabayo.)

Isibonelo, isikhunta esiyi-sulphur-yellow tinder esigabeni "sokhuni", sesivele singadliwa:

- idinga ukucwiliswa (imvamisa lokhu kusebenza kubasengi, ukucwiliswa kukuvumela ukuthi ukhiphe intukuthelo)

- idinga ukubiliswa kusengaphambili (imvamisa kunconywa ukukhipha umhluzi, ungawusebenzisi ukwenza isobho)

- ezimweni ezingavamile, isici sokudla siboshelwe kwezinye izici, isibonelo, uhlobo lwesihlahla (ihlathi) lapho amakhowe eqoqwa khona: isikhunta se-tinder sulphur-yellow esivela kumaconifers singabangela imiphumela emibi. Noma izimo zezulu: imigqa ekhula emazingeni okushisa aphakeme iqongelela ubuthi obuningi ezicutshini kunemigqa efanayo etshalwa emakhazeni (sikhuluma ngemigqa yasentwasahlobo).

Ukwehluleka ukuthobela izimo kungadala izinkinga zokugaya ukudla.

Yiqiniso, konke okushiwo ngamakhowe adliwayo kusebenza lapha: siqoqa hhayi amadala, hhayi ama-wormy, hhayi edolobheni.

Lisho ukuthini elithi “Inedible Mushroom”? Kungani ezingenakudliwa futhi ezinobuthi zihlukaniswa ngokwehlukana?

Amakhowe angadliwa ahlukaniswa njengangadliwa. Ngezizathu ezahlukene. Kodwa abukho ubuthi obutholakala kuzo.

Ngakho-ke, i-mushroom ingase ibe nzima kakhulu (iningi le-tinder fungus, lifana nokuhlafuna ucezu lokhuni)

Noma i-mushroom ayifaneleki ukudliwa ngabantu ngenxa yokunambitheka okungajabulisi noma iphunga elingenakususwa nganoma iyiphi indlela, kungaba ngokubilisa noma ukuqhwa.

Kukhona inani elikhulu lamakhowe okungekho muntu ophenye izakhiwo zawo zokudla okunomsoco, ngoba akekho oye wazama ukucabangela ngokucophelela ngombono wokupheka: amakhowe mancane kakhulu, akukho pulp enjalo. Ngokuvamile kuleli cala, esihlokweni, ebhulokhini elithi "Edibility", "Okungaziwa" kubekwa.

Amakhowe nawo ahlukaniswa njengangenakudliwa, lapho kungekho khona izinto ezigayekayo yisimiso sokugaya ukudla kwezilwane ezincelisayo. Angase angabi nzima, anephunga elimnandi, angabi mnandi ekunambithekeni, kodwa akusizi ukuwadla, njengephepha.

Kungani imithombo ehlukene ibhekisela ohlotsheni olufanayo lwamakhowe njengalezi ezidliwayo noma ezinobuthi? Obani okumele bakholwe?

Udinga ukukholelwa umqondo wakho wokuzivikela: uma ungenaso isiqiniseko, siyakulahla. Angikhumbuli ezindabeni kubikwa ukuthi kukhona owashona ngenxa yokungawadli amakhowe. Kodwa ngokuphambene nalokho, ngangidla - futhi nginakekelwa kakhulu, futhi ngokuvamile ngiba nomphumela obulalayo, kaningi.

Kunezici ezimbalwa lapha: isifunda, izimo zezulu, ukuhlobana kolwazi.

Amakhowe angaphansi kokushintshashintsha. Uhlobo olufanayo lwesikhunta esikhule ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene (okokuqala, inhlabathi kanye nezinga lokushisa) lunganikeza izinkomba ezihluke ngokuphelele ocwaningweni. Isibonelo sencwadi yokufunda lapha imigqa. Lapho ukufudumala, isikhunta sinobuthi. Ngakho-ke, uma ucwaningo lwenziwa, ake sithi, eFrance, ngesimo sezulu esifudumele, khona-ke isikhunta sizofakwa ohlwini njengobuthi. Ngoba kukhona ngempela afakwe ushevu. Emazweni anesimo sezulu sezwekazi kanye neziphethu ezibandayo (iBelarus, Izwe Lethu, i-our country), imigqa iyadliwa.

Kodwa ngekhowe likaSathane, isimo siphambene: eFrance efanayo, kubhekwa cishe njengento emnandi, sikubonile njengobuthi obungacacile.

Ukufaneleka kolwazi: yimuphi unyaka umthombo? Ezincwadini ezibhekisela ephepheni zeminyaka yama-70s, ingulube encane yayibhekwa njengekhowe elidliwayo elinemibandela (isigaba sesi-4). Kwatholakala ubuthi kuyo kamuva kakhulu.

Ingulube endala esesigabeni "ecishe ibole". Ubuthi obuyisikwele:

Ubuze umbuzo, wathumela isithombe, kodwa ayikho impendulo okwamanje. Okufanele ngikwenze?

Faka amakhowe esiqandisini, esikhwameni noma ethreyini enesembozo.

Bheka ngokucophelela izithombe: mhlawumbe azilungile ngokwanele? Kulokhu, kungaba umqondo omuhle ukuzama ukuthatha izithombe ezicacile. Nansi isiyalo sendlela yokuthwebula amakhowe.

Engeza incazelo ku-mushroom: lapho ikhule khona, iphunga, izici ezithile ezihlukanisayo. “Lapho ngakhulela khona” - akudidiyeli neze! Ukhulele kuphi - ehlathini (ini? I-Coniferous, i-deciduous, ixubekile), edlelweni, eceleni komgwaqo, esiqwini (ini?) - chaza lokhu, lokhu kubalulekile.

Uma i-mushroom ihlala ingapheli phakathi nosuku, yilahle.

Futhi vumela kamuva ukuthi kumhlophe noma i-chanterelle, ukuthi ingadliwa. Thola okwengeziwe futhi uzokwazi ukuthi kuyini.

Kubi kakhulu uma unquma ukuzama i-mushroom engaziwa, futhi ekugcineni kuvela ukuthi i-toadstool ephaphathekile, i-fibrous noma i-galerina, kodwa awusazi ukuthi yayiyini.

iziphetho

Inhloso yaleli nothi akukhona neze ukwethusa, njengoba kungase kubonakale.

Bengifuna ukudlulisela kuwe, mfundi othandekayo, iqiniso elilodwa elilula kakhulu: amakhowe awayona ingozi. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokupheka nokudla, qiniseka ukuthi kuphephile.

Futhi manje ungakwazi "amashumi amahlanu"!