Ngokwebhayoloji, ukukhulelwa yisikhathi lapho owesifazane kufanele abe nempilo. Ngeshwa, ngokwengxenye enkulu, emphakathini wethu wanamuhla, abesifazane abakhulelwe bavame ukuba ngabesifazane abagulayo. Bavame ukukhuluphala kakhulu, bavuvukele, baqunjelwe, abakhululekile futhi bakhathele.
Abaningi babo baphuza imithi yokwelapha isifo sikashukela nomfutho wegazi ophezulu. Njalo ukukhulelwa kwesine okufiswayo kuphelela ekuphuphumeni kwesisu nokukhishwa kombungu ngokuhlinzwa. Ngokuvamile umsuka wayo yonke le nkinga odokotela, izazi zokudla okunomsoco, omama kanye nomamezala batshela umamazala ukuthi kufanele aphuze okungenani izingilazi ezine zobisi ngosuku ukuze athole i-calcium eyanele futhi adle inyama eningi njalo. usuku lokuthola amaprotheni.
Iningi lethu liyathanda ukuzama ukudla kwethu, kodwa uma kukhulunywa ngezingane zethu ezingakazalwa, siba abadla ngoludala. Ngiyazi ukuthi kwenzeke kithi. Mina noMary senza izinguquko zokugcina ekudleni kwethu okuqinile kwemifino ngemva nje kokuzalwa komntwana wethu wesibili ngo-1975.
Ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu, uMary wakhulelwa owesithathu. Ngokuphazima kweso, waqala ukuthenga ushizi, inhlanzi namaqanda, ebuyela emcabangweni omdala wokuthi lokhu kudla kulungele amaprotheni amaningi ne-calcium futhi kuhamba ibanga elide ekukhulelweni okunempilo. Ngangabaza, kodwa ngethembele kulokho ayekwazi kangcono. Waphuphunyelwa yisisu ngenyanga yesithathu. Lesi sigameko esingesihle samphoqa ukuthi acabange kabusha izinqumo zakhe.
Ngemva kweminyaka emibili, waphinde wakhulelwa. Ngalinda ukubuya kukashizi, noma okungenani ukubonakala kwezinhlanzi endlini yethu, kodwa lokhu akuzange kwenzeke. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe kokulahlekelwa ingane yangaphambili kwamphulukisa emkhubeni wakhe wokuqhutshwa ukwesaba. Phakathi nazo zonke izinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye zokukhulelwa, wayengayidli inyama, amaqanda, inhlanzi noma imikhiqizo yobisi.
Ngicela uqaphele: Angisho ukuthi yilokhu kudla okwabangela ukuthi aphuphunyelwe yisisu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwakhe kwangaphambilini, kodwa kuphela ukuthi ukwethulwa kwalokhu kudla okokugcina kwakungesona isiqinisekiso sokukhulelwa okuphumelelayo.
UMary uthi unezinkumbulo ezinhle zalokhu kukhulelwa kokugcina, wayezizwa enomdlandla nsuku zonke futhi izindandatho zazihlala zilingana neminwe yakhe, akazange ezwe ngisho nokuncane ukuvuvukala. Ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kuka-Craig, wayeseluleme ngo-9 kg kuphela, futhi ngemva kokubeletha wayenesisindo esingu-2,2 kg kuphela kunangaphambi kokukhulelwa. Ngemva kwesonto wehla lawo ngo-2,2 kg futhi akazange abe ngcono eminyakeni emithathu eyalandela. Unomuzwa wokuthi lesi kwakungesinye sezikhathi ezijabulisa kakhulu nezinempilo kunazo zonke ekuphileni kwakhe.
Amasiko ahlukene anikeza izeluleko eziningi zokudla kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Ngezinye izikhathi kunconywa ukudla okukhethekile, ngezinye izikhathi ukudla akubandakanywa ekudleni.
E-China yasendulo, abesifazane benqaba ukudla ukudla okwakukholelwa ukuthi kuthinta ukubukeka kwezingane ezingakazalwa. Inyama yofudu, isibonelo, kwakucatshangwa ukuthi yenza umntwana abe nentamo emfishane, kanti inyama yembuzi kwakucatshangwa ukuthi yenza umntwana abe nenkani.
Ngo-1889, uDkt. Prochownik waseNew England wanikeza iziguli zakhe ezikhulelwe ukudla okukhethekile. Ngenxa yokungabi khona ngokwanele ekukhanyeni kwelanga, abesifazane abasebenza ezimbonini bahlakulela ama-rickets, okuholela ekukhubazekeni kwamathambo e-pelvic kanye nokubeletha okunzima. Ukholwa noma ungakholwa, ukudla kwakhe kwakuklanyelwe ukumisa ukukhula kombungu ezinyangeni zokugcina zokukhulelwa! Ukuze bathole le miphumela, abesifazane badle ukudla okunamaprotheni amaningi, kodwa kuncane ngoketshezi nama-calories.
Eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu edlule, Iphaneli Elihlanganyelwe Lochwepheshe BeQembu Lokudla Nezolimo leNhlangano Yezempilo Yomhlaba Wonke yamemezela ukuthi umsoco awubalulekile kangako ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Namuhla, ochwepheshe abavumelani ngokubaluleka kokukhuluphala nokubaluleka kwama-carbohydrate, amaprotheni, nama-micronutrients ekudleni kowesifazane okhulelwe.
I-Preeclampsia yisimo esenzeka kwabesifazane abakhulelwe futhi sibonakala ngomfutho wegazi ophezulu kanye namaprotheni emchameni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli ezine-preeclampsia zivame ukuvuvukala emilenzeni nasezingalweni.
Ekuqaleni kwawo-1940, emzamweni wokunciphisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa i-preeclampsia, abesifazane abakhulelwe belulekwa ukuba banciphise ukudla kwabo usawoti futhi ngezinye izikhathi banikezwa imithi yokucindezela ukudla kanye nama-diuretics ukunciphisa ukukhuluphala ku-6,8-9,06 kg. Ngeshwa, omunye wemiphumela engathandeki yalokhu kudla kwaba ukuzalwa kwezingane ezinesisindo esiphansi kanye nokufa okuphezulu.
Isidingo sokugwema isisindo somzimba eseqile sasiyingxenye yemfundiso yezokwelapha nokusebenza kwaze kwaba ngu-1960, lapho kwatholakala ukuthi lo mkhawulo wawuvame ukuholela ekuzalweni kwezingane ezincane ezinengozi enkulu yokufa. Odokotela abaningi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi abavimbeli abesifazane abakhulelwe ekudleni futhi bayeluleka ukuthi bangakhathazeki ngokuthola isisindo esiningi. Bobabili umama nengane manje bavame ukuba bakhulu kakhulu, futhi lokhu kwandisa ingozi yokufa kanye nesidingo sokuhlinzwa.
Umgudu wokuzalwa wowesifazane, njengomthetho, ungaphuthelwa kalula ingane enesisindo esisuka ku-2,2 kuya ku-3,6 kg, okuyisisindo umbungu esifinyelela ngaso ngesikhathi sokuzalwa uma umama edla ukudla okunempilo kwezitshalo. Kodwa uma umama edla ngokweqile, ingane esesibelethweni sakhe ifinyelela isisindo sika-4,5 kuya ku-5,4 kg - ubukhulu obukhulu kakhulu ukuthi bungakwazi ukudlula okhalweni lukamama. Izingane ezinkulu kunzima kakhulu ukuzizala, futhi ngenxa yalokho, amathuba okulimala nokufa maningi. Futhi, ingozi yokulimala empilweni kamama kanye nesidingo sokuhlinzwa sikhuphuka cishe ngama-50%. Ngakho-ke, uma umama ethola ukudla okuncane kakhulu, khona-ke ingane incane kakhulu, futhi uma kunokudla okuningi, ingane inkulu kakhulu.
Awudingi ama-calories engeziwe ukuze uphathe umntwana. Ama-kilojoule angama-250 kuye kwangama-300 ngosuku nge-trimester yesibili neyesithathu. Abesifazane abakhulelwe bazwa ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla, ikakhulukazi phakathi nezinyanga ezimbili zokugcina zokukhulelwa. Ngenxa yalokho, badla ukudla okwengeziwe, bathola ama-calories engeziwe kanye nokunye kwezakhi ezidingekayo. Ukudla kwekhalori kulinganiselwa ukuthi kukhuphuka kusuka ku-2200 kcal kuya ku-2500 kcal ngosuku.
Nokho, ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba, abesifazane abakwandisi ukudla kwabo. Kunalokho, bathola ukuvivinya umzimba okwengeziwe. Abesifazane abakhulelwe abasebenza kanzima basePhilippines nasemaphandleni ase-Afrika bavame ukuthola ama-calories ambalwa kunangaphambi kokukhulelwa. Ngenhlanhla, ukudla kwabo kucebile izakhi, ukudla kwezitshalo kunikeza kalula konke okudingayo ukuze uthwale umntwana onempilo.
Amaprotheni, yiqiniso, isakhi esibalulekile, kodwa iningi lethu selikuthatha njengesinqumo esicishe sibe ngumlingo sempilo nokukhulelwa okuphumelelayo. Ucwaningo lwabesifazane baseGuatemala abakhulelwe abadla ngokungajwayelekile luthole ukuthi isisindo sokuzalwa sasinqunywa inani lama-kilojoule adliwa ngumama, kunokuba khona noma ukungabi khona kwezithako zamaprotheni ekudleni kwakhe.
Abesifazane abathole amaprotheni engeziwe babonise imiphumela emibi kakhulu. Izithako zamaphrotheni ezathathwa abesifazane abakhulelwe eminyakeni yama-70s zaholela ekukhuleni kwesisindo ezinganeni, ukwanda kokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nokwanda kokushona kwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa. Naphezu kwezimangalo zokuthi umfutho wegazi ophakeme ohlobene nokukhulelwa ungavinjelwa ngokudla okunamaprotheni amaningi, abukho ubufakazi bokuthi ukuthathwa kwamaprotheni amaningi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuyazuzisa-kwezinye izimo, kungase kube yingozi ngempela.
Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokugcina zokukhulelwa, amagremu angu-5-6 kuphela ngosuku adingeka ngumama nengane. I-World Health Organization incoma u-6% wamakholori avela kumaprotheni kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kanye no-7% komama abancelisa ibele. La manani amaprotheni angatholakala kalula emithonjeni yezitshalo: irayisi, ummbila, amazambane, ubhontshisi, i-broccoli, i-zucchini, amawolintshi nama-strawberries.
UJohn McDougall, MD