I-genu varum ikhombisa ukuchezuka kwamadolo ngaphandle. Kuthiwa i-physiological ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-3 ubudala, futhi i-pathological lapho iphikelela. Ngolimi oluvamile, ngezinye izikhathi sikhuluma "ngemilenze yomnsalo". Amadolo amabili ayaqhela komunye nomunye. Ukwelashwa okuthile kungase kucatshangelwe uma kwenzeka i-pathological genu varum.

Incazelo ye-knee varum

I-genu varum ibhekisela ekuphambukeni kwamadolo okuhlala ngesikhathi sokukhula. Ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, i-axis yamalungu aphansi ayikasungulwa ngokugcwele. Umntwana osanda kuzalwa ngokwemvelo une-genu varum, okungukuthi, ukuphambuka kwamadolo ngaphandle.

I-axis yemilenze engezansi izoguqulwa kancane kancane ngokuvela kwe-valgum ye-genu (ukuphambuka kwamadolo ngaphakathi) ngaphambi kokuthola ukulungiswa komzimba omdala. Nokho, kunezimo lapho i-genu varum iphikelela khona. Kuthiwa i-pathological, ngokumelene ne-physiological genu varum eyenzeka phakathi neminyaka yokuqala yezingane. I-pathological genu varum ingaba nezincazelo eziningi ezichazwe ngezansi.

Idolo likwenza Var

Kufika eminyakeni engaba ngu-3 ubudala, i-genu varum ibhekwa njengeyomzimba. Kwakha isigaba sokukhula komntwana. Amadolo azobe esehambisana kancane kancane ne-axis ye-physiological yabantu abadala.

I-valgum yohlobo ibhekwa njenge-pathological uma inganciphi. Leli cala liwuphawu lomonakalo ku-cartilage yokukhula okungenzeka ibe nemvelaphi yokuzalwa noma ezuziwe. Izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-pathological genu varum yilezi:

• i-varus yokuzalwa ngokuvamile ewumphumela wokungahambi kahle kwe-fetus;
• ukuntuleka kwevithamini D noma ama-rickets amelana namavithamini, okuholela ekulimazeni noma ekubambezelekeni kwamathambo amaminerali;
• i-achondroplasia okuyisifo sofuzo esiphumela ekubeni mncane;
• Isifo sikaBlount, esibonakala ngokukhubazeka kokukhula kwe-tibia;
• i-dysplasias ethile, okungukuthi, ukuphazamiseka ekuthuthukisweni kwezicubu noma izitho ezifana ne-focal fibrocartilaginous dysplasia.

I-DIAGNOSTIC knee du Var

Isekelwe ekuhlolweni komtholampilo. Ikakhulukazi, uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzokala:

• ibanga eliphakathi kwama-condylar, okusho ukuthi ibanga eliphakathi kwama-condyles angaphakathi ezinsikazi;
• i-femoro-tibial angle, okusho ukuthi i-engeli phakathi kwe-femur (ithambo elilodwa lethanga) kanye ne-tibia (ithambo lomlenze).

Ezimweni eziningi, ukuxilongwa kwe-genu valgum kwenziwa ezinganeni. Lokhu kufanele kubekwe endaweni yokuma ngamadolo enwetshiwe futhi ama-kneecaps abheke phambili. Uma ingane yenqaba, ukuhlolwa kungenziwa ngenkathi ilele.

Ukuze ujulise ukuxilongwa nokuhlonza imbangela ye-genu varum, ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kungenziwa. Uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo angase acele ngokukhethekile:

• ukuhlolwa kwezithombe zezokwelapha;
• umthamo we-vitamin D.

Abantu abathintwe yi-genu varum

I-genu varum ingabonakala ezinganeni eziningi eziphakathi kweminyaka engu-0 nengu-2 ubudala. Bese kuba isigaba sokukhula okuvamile.

I-pathological genum varum ayivamile. Kwenzeka lapho ukuphambuka kwamadolo kuqhubeka ngemva kweminyaka emi-3. Ngokuvamile kutholakala ezinganeni kodwa futhi ngezinye izikhathi nakubantu abadala.

Kunezici eziningana ezingandisa ingozi ye-pathological genu varum:

• ukuthambekela kofuzo;
• ukukhuluphala ekuqaleni noma ukukhuluphala;
• ukuntula, ikakhulukazi ukuntuleka kwamavithamini;
• umkhuba wemidlalo ethile, ngokuvamile esezingeni eliphezulu.

Ukuchezuka kwamadolo ukuya ngaphandle

I-genu varum ibonakala ngokuphambuka kwamadolo ngaphandle. Amadolo amabili aqhelelene. Ngolimi oluvamile, ngezinye izikhathi sikhuluma "ngemilenze yomnsalo". Kuye ngecala, ukuphambuka kwamadolo kungaba:

• okuhlangene noma okubili;
• kakhulu noma ngaphansi;
• i-symmetrical noma i-asymmetrical.

Ezinye izimpawu

• Ukungakhululeki lapho uhamba: Uma kuqhubeka, i-varum yohlobo ingase iphazamise ukunyakaza kwezitho ezingezansi. Ngezinye izikhathi ukungakhululeki kungahambisana nobuhlungu emadolweni nokuqina.
• Ingozi yezinkinga: I-pathological genum varum ingaholela ekubhujisweni okuqhubekayo koqwanga. Lokhu kuyingozi engozini ye-gonarthrosis (i-osteoarthritis yamadolo).

Ngaphambi kweminyaka emi-3, i-valgum ye-physiological ayidingi ukwelashwa. Lesi yisigaba sokukhula esivamile. Ukuchezuka kwangaphandle kwamadolo ngokwemvelo kuyafiphala.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwelashwa kungabhekwa ezimweni ezithile ze-pathological genu varum. Kuya ngembangela ehlonziwe kanye nezimpawu ezibonwayo:

• ukwengezwa kwe-vitamin D uma kwenzeka ukuntuleka;
• i-osteotomy okuwukuhlinzwa okuhloswe ukulungisa ukukhubazeka kwamathambo namalunga;
• i-deepiphysiodesis, okuyindlela yokuhlinzwa yokunciphisa i-epiphysiodesis (ukuphazamiseka kokukhula okuhambisana nokuhlukunyezwa kwe-cartilage);
• ukwelashwa kwamathambo, isibonelo, ukugqokwa kwama-splints kanye / noma ama-insoles;
• izikhathi ze-physiotherapy;
• ukwelashwa okulwa nokuvuvukala kanye ne-analgesic kobuhlungu obukhulu emadolweni.

Ezinye izimo ze-genu varum azikwazi ukuvinjelwa, ikakhulukazi lezo zemvelaphi yofuzo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezinye izimo zixhunyaniswa nezici eziyingozi ezingagwemeka. Ikakhulukazi, kuyadingeka:

• ukuvimbela nokulwa nokukhuluphala ngokweqile ezinganeni;
• gcina ukudla okunomsoco futhi okuhlukahlukene ukuze ugweme ukushoda kokudla okunomsoco ezinganeni.