kwesifo

Phakathi nesigaba esisebenzayo sesifo, izimpawu zivame ukuba khona (umkhuhlane, ukujuluka ebusuku, ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo, njll.). Udokotela uthembele kulezi zimpawu, kodwa futhi nasemiphumeleni yokuhlolwa nokuhlolwa okulandelayo.

Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba. Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba kungathola ukuba khona kwe-bacillus ka-Koch emzimbeni. Kumuntu osanda kutheleleka, lokhu kuhlola kuzoba ne-HIV emasontweni ama-4 kuya kwayi-10 ngemva kokutheleleka. Inani elincane le-tuberculin (iphrotheni ehlanziwe kusuka I-Mycobacterium isifo sofuba) ijova ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Uma ukusabela kwesikhumba kwenzeka endaweni yomjovo (ubomvu noma ukuvuvukala) emahoreni angama-48 kuya kwangu-72 alandelayo, lokhu kubonisa ukutheleleka. Uma umphumela unegethivu, udokotela angase asikisele ukuhlolwa kwesibili emasontweni ambalwa kamuva.

I-Radiography yamaphaphu. Uma isiguli sinezimpawu zokukhwehlela okungapheli, isibonelo, i-x-ray yesifuba izoyalelwa ukuhlola isimo samaphaphu. Ngesikhathi sokulandelela, i-x-ray yenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlola ukuqhubeka kwesifo.

Ukuhlolwa kwebhayoloji kumasampula wokuphuma kwamaphaphu. Imfihlo iqala ukubonwa ngesibonakhulu ukuze kubhekwe ukuthi amagciwane akhona yini ekusithekeni ayingxenye yomndeni we-mycobacteria (i-bacillus ka-Koch iyi-mycobacterium). Umphumela walokhu kuhlolwa utholakala ngalo lolo suku. Siphinde siqhubekele ku- isiko kwezimfihlo ukuhlonza amagciwane nokuthi awakwazi yini ukumelana nama-antibiotics. Nokho, kufanele ulinde izinyanga ezi-2 ukuze uthole imiphumela.

Uma ukuhlolwa kwe-microscopic kuveza ukuba khona kwe-mycobacteria futhi ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kuphakamisa ukuthi isifo sofuba, ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotics kuqalwa ngaphandle kokulinda umphumela wokuhlolwa kwesiko le-microbial. Ngakho, izimpawu ziyadamba, isifo siyalawuleka, futhi mancane amathuba okuba umuntu adlulisele leli gciwane kulabo abamzungezile. Ukwelashwa kungabuye kulungiswe, uma kunesidingo.

Ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic

The ama-antibiotics womugqa wokuqala inganqoba isifo sofuba cishe kuzo zonke izimo. Abantu abanalesi simo bayacelwa ukuthi bahlale ekhaya noma bagqoke imaskhi esidlangalaleni kuze kube yilapho udokotela enquma ukuthi abasathathelwana (imvamisa ngemuva kwamasonto amabili noma amathathu belashwa).

Ukwelashwa komugqa wokuqala. Ngokuvamile ebekiwe ama-antibiotic amane okulandelayo yi-isoniazid, i-rifampin, i-ethambutol ne-pyrazinamide, ezithathwa ngomlomo. Ukuze isebenze futhi ibulale amagciwane ngokuphelele, ukwelashwa kudinga ukuthi imithi iphuzwe nsuku zonke isikhathi esincane. 6 izinyanga, ngezinye izikhathi kufika ezinyangeni ezingu-12. Wonke lawa ma-antibiotic angabangela ukulimala kwesibindi ngamazinga ahlukene. Tshela udokotela wakho uma kwenzeka noma yiziphi izimpawu, njengokucanuzela kwenhliziyo nokuhlanza, ukulahlekelwa ukudla, i-jaundice (ibala eliphuzi), umchamo omnyama, noma umkhuhlane ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo.

Ukwelashwa komugqa wesibili. Uma amagciwane amelana nemithi elwa namagciwane amabili (i-isoniazid ne-rifampin), khona-ke ibizwa ngokuthi ukumelana nezidakamizwa eziningi (MDR-TB) futhi kuyadingeka ukuthi usebenzise imithi engu-2.^e umugqa. Ngezinye izikhathi ama-antibiotics angu-4 kuya kwangu-6 ahlanganiswa. Ngokuvamile zidinga ukuthathwa isikhathi eside, ngezinye izikhathi kuze kufike eminyakeni emi-2. Zingabangela nemiphumela engemihle, isibonelo, ukuba ndikindiki ezandleni noma ezinyaweni, kanye nobuthi besibindi. Ezinye zazo zilawulwa ngomjovo.

Ukwelashwa kwamagciwane amelana kakhulu. Uma uhlobo lokutheleleka lumelana nemithi eminingi yokwelapha evame ukunikezwa emgqeni wokuqala noma wesibili, ukwelashwa okunzima kakhulu futhi okunobuthi kakhulu, okuvame ukufakwa emithanjeni, kusetshenziselwa ukulwa nalokhu okubizwa ngokuthi isifo sofuba esingazweli kakhulu noma i-XDR-TB.

Izinkomba ze-Cons. THE 'utshwala futhiacetaminophen (I-Tylenol®) i-contraindicated kulo lonke ukwelashwa. Lezi zinto zibeka ubunzima obukhulu esibindini futhi zingadala izinkinga.

Izincwajana zemininingwane

Uma kwenzeka'ukudla ukuntula, ukuthatha isithasiselo se-multivitamin kanye namaminerali kungasiza ukuvimbela ukutheleleka ukuthi kubuye⁴. Ukwamukelwa kwemikhuba yokudla elinganiselayo kufanele kuvunywe ukuze kusheshiswe ukululama, uma kungenzeka. Ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe ngezisekelo zokudla okunempilo, bheka isigaba sethu esithi Idla Okungcono.