Ukwengezwa. Ukwengezwa kwansuku zonke nge-folic acid (noma uvithamini B9) kuyadingeka ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi amasha.

I-Hydroxyurea. Ekuqaleni, kwakuyisidakamizwa esilwa ne-leukemia, kodwa futhi kwakuyisidakamizwa sokuqala esatholakala sisebenza kahle ekwelapheni i-sickle cell anemia kubantu abadala. Kusukela ngo-1995, bekwaziwa ukuthi kunganciphisa imvamisa yokuhlaselwa okubuhlungu kanye nesifo sesifuba esibuhlungu. Iziguli ezisebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa zinesidingo esincane sokumpontshelwa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa okuhlangene kwe-hydroxyurea ne-erythropoietin kungakhuphula ukusebenza kahle kwe-hydroxyurea. Imijovo ye-erythropoietin yokwenziwa isetshenziselwa ukukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu futhi iqede ukukhathala. Nokho, kuncane okwaziwayo ngomthelela wayo wesikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yengozi yokwehla okuyingozi kwamazinga amangqamuzana egazi. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo ezinganeni ezine-sickle cell disease kusacwaningwa.

Ukumpontshelwa igazi. Ngokwandisa inani lamangqamuzana abomvu egazi ajikelezayo, ukumpontshelwa kuvimbela noma kwelaphe izinkinga ezithile zesifo se-sickle cell. Ezinganeni, zisiza ekuvimbeleni ukuphindaphinda kwesifo sohlangothi kanye nokwandiswa kwe-spleen.

Kungenzeka ukuphinda ukumpontshelwa, bese kudingeka ukwelashwa ukuze kuncishiswe izinga lensimbi yegazi.

ukuhlinzwa

Ukuhlinzwa okuhlukahlukene kungenziwa njengoba kuphakama izinkinga. Ngokwesibonelo, singakwazi:

- Yelapha izinhlobo ezithile zezilonda zemvelo.

– Khipha inyongo.

- Faka i-hip prosthesis uma kwenzeka kune-necrosis ye-hip.

- Vimbela izinkinga zamehlo.

– Gcoba isikhumba ukwelapha izilonda emilenzeni uma zingapholi, njll.

Ngokuqondene nokufakelwa komnkantsha, ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziswa kwezinye izingane uma kunezimpawu ezinzima kakhulu. Ukungenelela okunjalo kungaselapha lesi sifo, kodwa kuveza izingozi eziningi ngaphandle kokucabangela isidingo sokuthola umnikeli ofanelekayo kubazali abafanayo.

NB Izindlela zokwelapha ezimbalwa ezintsha zisacwaningwa. Kunjalo ikakhulukazi ngokwelashwa kwezakhi zofuzo, okuzokwenza kube nokwenzeka ukunikezela ngokungasebenzi noma ukulungisa isakhi sofuzo esinephutha.

Ekuvimbeleni izinkinga

I-Incentive spirometer. Ukuze bagweme izinkinga zamaphaphu, labo abanobuhlungu obukhulu emhlane noma esifubeni bangase bafune ukusebenzisa i-spirometer ehehayo, idivayisi ebasiza ukuba baphefumule ngokujulile.

kwemithi elwa namagciwane. Ngenxa yezingozi ezingathi sína ezihlobene nokutheleleka kwe-pneumococcal ezinganeni ezithintekile, zinikezwa i-penicillin kusukela zizalwa kuze kube yilapho zineminyaka eyisithupha ubudala. Lo mkhuba unciphise kakhulu ukufa kwabantu kuleli qembu leminyaka. Ama-antibiotics nawo azosetshenziselwa ukuvimbela izifo kubantu abadala.

yokugoma. Iziguli ze-sickle cell - izingane noma abantu abadala - kufanele bazivikele ikakhulukazi ku-pneumonia, umkhuhlane kanye ne-hepatitis. Ukugoma okujwayelekile kuyanconywa kusukela ekuzalweni kuze kube yiminyaka eyisithupha.

Esimeni esibucayi esibucayi

Ukunciphisa izinhlungu. Zisetshenziselwa ukulwa nobuhlungu uma kwenzeka ukuhlaselwa okunamandla. Kuye ngecala, isiguli singase seneliseke ngokudambisa izinhlungu ezitholakala ngaphandle kwe-counter noma sinqunywe ezinamandla kakhudlwana.

Ukwelashwa kwe-oxygen. Uma kwenzeka ukuhlaselwa okunamandla noma izinkinga zokuphefumula, ukusetshenziswa kwe-oxygen mask kwenza kube lula ukuphefumula.

Ukubuyisela amanzi emzimbeni. Uma kwenzeka ukuhlaselwa okubuhlungu, i-intravenous infusions ingasetshenziswa futhi.