Le masaja u-Amma yindlela yasendulo yamandla esekwe ezimisweni zomuthi wendabuko waseJapan nowaseChina. Ihlanganisa amasu amaningi omzimba ahlobene ne-reflexology, shiatsu, massage yaseSweden kanye ne-chiropractic. Ihlose ukuqeda ukuvinjelwa kwamandla nokuvikela nokugcina impilo ngokusebenzisa uchungechunge lokuhamba emaphuzwini ayi-148 atholakala kuma-meridians, imisipha namalunga.

Ngaphezu kokuba okuvuselelayo, ivumela ukufinyelela esimweni esijulile se- aziphumulele futhi inhlalakahle ingaphakathi. Ukuthanjiswa okuphelele kwe-Amma kwenziwa emzimbeni wonke, endaweni yokulala, kuyilapho i-Amma ihlezi ibhucungwa esihlalweni futhi ayifaki ukwelashwa kwemilenze.

"I-Amma" (i-anma ebhaliwe kwesinye isikhathi) igama lendabuko elisho ukubhucungwa ngesiJapane. Kusuka egameni lesiShayina elithi "Anmo", elilingana nalo futhi elisetshenziselwe iminyaka eyizinkulungwane ukuchaza inqubo yokuhlikihla eyenziwa eChina. Izinkulumo masaja u-Amma, ukwelashwa kwe-amma et inqubo Amma ngakho-ke zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuqamba inqubo yokuhlikihla eyethulwa okokuqala eKorea ngaphambi kokuzinza eJapan cishe eminyakeni eyi-1 eyedlule. Ku-XVIII^e Ikhulu leminyaka, umbuso waseJapan wawulawula lo msebenzi owawufundiswa ezikoleni ezikhethekile cishe ngokukhethekile ukuze ungaboni abantu. Ngemuva kwempi ka-1945, ukuzivocavoca kwayo kwavinjelwa abaseMelika. Ukubhucungwa kwe-Amma kamuva kwaphinde kwavela kwaba yindlela yokuthambisa ethandwa kakhulu eJapane namuhla.

Sikweleta UTina indodana, U-Amma massage mistress wemvelaphi yaseKorea, ngokuba nentshisekelo entsha kulo mkhuba eNtshonalanga. Ngo-1976, kanye nomyeni wakhe uRobert Sohn neqembu elincane labasekeli, wasungula iHolistic Health Centre (eyaqanjwa kabusha ngo-2002 yiNew York College of Health Professions). Ingesinye sezikhungo ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuqeqesha nezocwaningo kwezokwelapha okuphelele ukunikela ngohlelo oluthuthukile ku-Amma massage.

Mayelana nokwenza kwe U-Amma uhleli phansi, yazalelwa e-United States ekuqaleni kwawo-1980 ngenxa kaDavid Palmer. Ku-1982, inkosi yakhe uTakashi Nakamura wayiphathisa umsebenzi wokuqondisa i-Amma Institute of Traditional Japanese Massage, isikole sokuqala saseMelika esasizinikele ekufundiseni i-Amma massage. Kwakukulesi sikhungo, esingasekho namuhla, lapho azame khona inqubo ye isihlalo massage ngaphambi kokusungula isikole sakhe. Imifanekiso yasendulo yaseJapan ikhombisa ukuthi ukubhucungwa okuhleliwe kwakwenziwa ekuqaleni nasekupheleni kweseshini ejwayelekile yokubhucungwa. Le ndlela yenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukukhulisa umkhuba wokubhucungwa okunikezwa cishe kuzo zonke izindawo, ezikhumulweni zezindiza, ezikhungweni zezitolo, emsebenzini, njll.

Akukho ukuqeqeshwa okusemthethweni okuqondisa umzimba masaja u-Amma. Lezi izinhlangano zobungcweti, ezifana neFédération québécoise des massothérapeutes¹, abaqinisekisa ukuthi izindinganiso ziyahlangatshezwa zombili maqondana nokuqeqeshwa nokwenza.

I-Amma massage iyindlela ebanzi esetshenziswe zombili njengendlela ye- ushintsho., ukwelashwa futhi aziphumulele. Umphumela wayo opholile futhi onika amandla ulungele izethameli eziningi kakhulu. Kungasiza, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukunciphisa ukwehla kwezinzwa, ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka futhi kuholele esimweni senhlalakahle.

Kunobufakazi obuncane kakhulu obuqondene ne- masaja u-Amma. Ngemininingwane engaphezulu ngezinzuzo zokubhucungwa ngokujwayelekile, bheka i-massage therapy sheet.

 Nikela enhlalakahleni yabahlengikazi. Ucwaningo lokuthi kungenzeka yini ukuba ngumshayeli luhlolisise imiphumela yalokhu kwelashwa kubahlengikazi esibhedlela sokufundisa eLong Island². Iqembu lokuhlola (abantu abayi-12) lithole iseshini yokuhlikihla yemizuzu engu-45 ngesonto amasonto ama-4. Eqenjini lokulawula (abantu abayi-8), kusetshenziswe inqubo elandelwayo yokuthinta eklanyelwe ukulingisa ukulandelana kokwelashwa kwe-Amma, kepha ngaphandle kwengcindezi, inhloso noma ukunyakaza okuyindilinga kwedijithali okusetshenziselwa ukubhucungwa. Umfutho wegazi, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, oksijini wegazi, izinga lokushisa kwesikhumba, kanye nezilinganiso zokukhathazeka kwathathwa ngaphambi nangemva kokwelapha ngakunye. Yize ezinye izinguquko kumapharamitha womzimba zingabonakala, imiphumela ayibonisanga mehluko omkhulu phakathi kwamaqembu. Kodwa-ke, ngenkathi womabili la maqembu ebona ukukhathazeka kwabo kwehla ngemuva kokungenelela ngakunye, lokhu kwehla kwaphawulwa kakhulu eqenjini lokuhlikihla esifundweni sonke.

• Noma yiluphi uhlobo lokubhucungwa umzimba aluhlali lubeka ubungozi esihlokweni esinempilo. Kodwa-ke, kuyaphikiswa ukunikeza ukubhucungwa kwabantu abanenkinga yokujikeleza kwegazi (i-phlebitis, thrombosis, varicose veins), ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo (i-arteriosclerosis, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, njll.) Noma isifo sikashukela ngaphandle kweseluleko sezokwelapha.
• Kuyaphikiswa ukunikeza ukusikhipha masishane ngemuva kokudla, kulandela ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, ngesikhathi somkhuhlane omkhulu, emanxebeni akamuva noma ezibazi, uma kungenzeka kutheleleke ngezifo zesikhumba, kwi-fibroids noma kwizicubu nakumuntu odakiwe.
• Kuphikisiwe futhi ukunikeza ukubhucungwa okujulile ngemuva kwe-3^e izinyanga zokukhulelwa kanye nasekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, ezungeze i-malleoli (ukuphuma kwamathambo kweqakala). Ukubhucungwa kwamathumbu ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini nasesiswini sabesifazane abagqoke i-IUD akunconywa.

Le masaja u-Amma lwenziwa ezikhungweni zokukhulisa nokuphumula, ezikhungweni zokuhlumelelisa izimilo nezempilo, ezibhedlela nasezinkambisweni ezizimele. Le ndlela isetshenziswa futhi emuthini wokuvimbela nowezemidlalo.

I-Amma massage inikezwa umuntu ogqoke noma embozwe ngeshidi, imvamisa ku-a itafula lokuhlikihla. Inganikezwa futhi ngesikhundla ohlezi phansi esihlalweni esenzelwe le nhloso. Isikhathi ngokuvamile sihlala ngaphezu kwehora elingu-1.

Lapho wenza ukuzihlikihla esimweni sokwelashwa, owelapha kuqala wenza i- ukulinganisela kwamandla sempilo yesihloko ngokuya ngezigaba ezi-4 zendabuko zemithi yamaShayina: ngokubheka, ukubuza imibuzo, ukuthinta nokuhogela. Uhlola ulimi, athathe izigaxa, abambe izindawo ezibuhlungu nenqwaba abhale noma yiluphi ulwazi oluphathelene nezici zomzimba (ukuma, isimo sengqondo, ubungqabavu), ukudla kanye nezinto ozithandayo (ukunambitha, iphunga, umsindo).

Ngesikhathi seseshini, umuntu obhucungwayo umenyiwe ukuthi axhumane nodokotela kuphela ukukhomba izindawo zobuhlungu nokungakhululeki. Umelaphi we-Amma angangeza kwirejista yakhe amasu amaningi afaka i-shiatsu, i-reflexology, i-massage yaseSweden nokuphathwa kohlaka.

Umkhuba we masaja u-Amma ungasondela kufayela le- komnyhadala njengoba izindlela zokukhwabanisa, amaphuzu, isigqi nokunyakaza okusetshenzisiwe kuyahlukahluka. Kususelwa ku Kata, igama lesiJapane lendlela ethile yokwenza isenzo. Ihleleke kahle, i- ama-katas aqukethe uchungechunge lokuhamba olwenziwe ngokulandelana nangesigqi kusungulwe ngaphambili. Kusetshenziswe ku-Amma massage, ubuciko be Kata kuqukethe ukuthola, ngokunemba okuthe xaxa, indawo ngqo yephoyinti ngalinye.

Un massage Kodwaohlezi inganikezwa ngemizuzu engu-15. Kwenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo: amahlombe, umhlane, intamo, izinkalo, izingalo, izandla nenhloko. Ukutholakala kwayo okuhle nentengo engabizi kuyenze yathandwa kakhulu. EFrance, lo mkhuba usabalale kusukela ngo-1993, ikakhulukazi ezikhungweni zokukhulisa nokunakekela ubuhle, amabhizinisi, izindawo zokucwala izinwele ngisho nasemahhotela amakhulu.

Ukufunda le ndlela, ama-workshops anikezwa umphakathi jikelele. Kukhona nama-DVD wokufunda ukunyakaza okuyisisekelo.

EQuebec, ukuqeqeshwa ku masaja u-Amma ngokuvamile ihlanganisa amahora angu-150. Le ndlela iyingxenye yohlelo lwediploma lwamahora angama-400 kusisebenzi sokwelashwa kokubhucungwa.

E-United States, ukuqeqeshwa kukaTina Sohn's Amma massage^3,4 angabhalisa kuhlelo oluthuthukile lweminyaka emi-2. Ihlose ikakhulukazi ukuthuthukisa amakhono avumela ukuhlola nokuhlonza iziguli ngokwemigomo yemithi yasempumalanga.

Mochizuki Shogo. U-Anma, Ubuciko Bokubhucungwa KwamaJapaneKotobuki Publications, 1999.

Umbhali wethula indlela kanye nomlando wendlela ehambisana nezithombe eziyikhulu, imifanekiso nezibonelo.

Mochizuki Shogo. U-Anma, Ubuciko Bokubhucungwa KwamaJapane. Imultimedia-Umsindo. Ividiyo.

Ividiyo iyahambisana nomsebenzi onesihloko esifanayo. Kubonisa isici sobuchwepheshe nezicelo zokwelapha.

UNeuman Tony. I-massage ehleliwe. Ubuciko bendabuko baseJapan be-acupressure: u-Amma. Itionsditions Jouvence, France, 1999.

Le ncwadi ayigcini nje ngokwethula okuyisisekelo nobuchule, kepha futhi nakho konke ochwepheshe abadinga ukukwazi, emazweni ahlukahlukene kakhulu nezimo.

Indodana uTina noRobert. Ukwelashwa kwe-Amma: Incwadi Ephelele Yemisebenzi Yomzimba YaseMpumalanga Nezimiso Zezokwelapha. I-Healing Arts Press, e-United States, ngo-1996.

Ukwethulwa kwemigomo yemithi yaseMpumalanga neyaseNtshonalanga, ukudla okunomsoco kanye ne-Amma massage evuselelwe nguTina Sohn eNtshonalanga (amasu, imithetho yokuziphatha, ukusetshenziswa kokwelapha).

New York College of Health profesa

Leli kolishi, elisungulwe nguTina Sohn, ongomunye wamaphayona e-Amma eNtshonalanga, liyindawo yokuqeqeshwa nokucwaninga ngemithi ephelele.

www.nycollege.edu

Isikhungo seTouchPro

Isungulwe nguDavid Palmer, iTouchPro Institute iyinhlangano yobungcweti enikeza imihlangano yokucobelelana ngezihlalo e-United States, Canada nase-Europe. Isigaba somlando wokusikhipha izitulo sikufanele ukuchezuka.

www.touchpro.org