I-Leukosis yisifo esithathelwanayo esiyingozi emakatini esibangelwa i-Feline Leukemogenic Virus (noma i-FeLV). Lesi sifo esithathelwanayo sitholakala emhlabeni wonke futhi sithinta ikakhulukazi amasosha omzimba futhi singabangela i-lymphomas. Ukuthuthuka kwayo kungaba yinde futhi kudlule ezigabeni ezimbalwa, ngezinye izikhathi kwenze ukuxilonga kube nzima. Nawa amaphuzu abalulekile okufanele uwakhumbule ukuze uqonde lesi sifo futhi uma kungenzeka usivikele.

I-Feline Leukemogenic Virus (FeLV) yi-retrovirus ebangela i-leukosis emakati. Njengamanje emhlabeni wonke, e-Europe isilinganiso saso sokusabalala singaphansi kwe-1% kodwa singafinyelela ku-20% kwezinye izifunda.

Qaphela, nakuba igciwane lingathinta izilwane zasendle eziningana, umuntu akakwazi ukuthola i-feline leukosis.

Kuyisifo esithathelwanayo, esisakazwa ngokuthintana okuseduze phakathi kwabantu ngabanye kanye nokushintshana kwezimfihlo (amathe, amakhala, umchamo, njll.). Izindlela eziyinhloko zokudlulisela ukukhotha, ukuluma futhi kuyaqabukela ukwabelana ngesitsha noma udoti. 

Ukutheleleka phakathi kukamama onegciwane kanye nengane yakhe nakho kungenzeka. Lokhu kudluliselwa kwenzeka nge-placenta noma ngemva kokuzalwa kwamakati ngesikhathi sokuncelisa noma ukuzilungisa. I-FeLV igciwane elisinda kancane kakhulu endaweni ngaphandle komsingathi, ngakho ukungcola okungaqondile akuvamile.

Ngemva kokwethulwa emzimbeni, igciwane lizoqondisa amangqamuzana amasosha omzimba kanye nezicubu ze-lymphoid (ubende, i-thymus, i-lymph nodes, njll.) bese lisakazeka kuwo wonke umzimba.

Ukusabela okunamandla ngokwanele kokuzivikela komzimba kungaliqeda ngokuphelele igciwane. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi isifo sokukhipha isisu. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa ngeshwa kuyivelakancane.

Ngokuvamile, ukutheleleka kubonakala ngezindlela ezimbili.

Ukutheleleka okuqhubekayo

Ukutheleleka kuthiwa kuqhubeka lapho leli gciwane lijikeleza egazini futhi liqhubeka nokusabalala kuze kube yilapho lithinta umgogodla. Lesi sifo sizobe sesivezwa ngezimpawu zomtholampilo. 

Ukutheleleka okubuyela emuva 

Uma igciwane lihlala lilele emzimbeni isikhathi eside, kubizwa ngokuthi i-regressive infection. Amasosha omzimba anempendulo eyanele yokuvimbela ukuphindaphindeka nokujikeleza kwegciwane, kodwa akwanele ukuliqeda ngokuphelele. Kulokhu, ikati lithwala igciwane emgogodleni kodwa alisatheleleki. Igciwane lingakwazi ukusebenza kabusha futhi lishintshele ekutheleleni okuqhubekayo.

Ikati elitheleleke nge-FeLV lingase lihlale liphilile isikhathi eside bese libonisa izimpawu zomtholampilo ngemva kwamasonto, izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka yokutheleleka okucashile.

Igciwane lithinta indlela umzimba osebenza ngayo ngezindlela eziningi. Kuzodala ukuphazamiseka kwegazi okufana ne-anemia futhi kunciphise amasosha omzimba okuzothuthukisa izifo zesibili. Iphinde ibe nemininingwane yokukwazi ukudala umdlavuza wegazi kanye nowokuzivikela komzimba (ama-lymphomas, i-leukemia, njll.). 

Nazi ezinye izimpawu zemitholampilo zesifo ezingabonakala ngokushesha, ngezikhathi ezithile noma ezingapheli:

• Ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla;
• Ukwehla kwesisindo;
• Ulwelwesi lwamafinyila (izinsini noma ezinye);
• Umkhuhlane ongapheli;
• I-gingivitis noma i-stomatitis (ukuvuvukala kwezinsini noma umlomo);
• Izifo zesikhumba, zomchamo noma zokuphefumula;
• Uhudo;
• Ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa (isibonelo, ukudlikizela);
• Izinkinga zokuzala (ukukhipha isisu, ukungazali, njll.).

Ukuxilongwa kwe-leukosis kungaba nzima ngenxa yenkambo yayo ethile.

Kukhona ukuhlolwa okusheshayo okungenziwa emtholampilo okuhlola ukuba khona kwe-antigen yegciwane egazini lekati. Ziyasebenza kakhulu futhi zivame ukusetshenziswa njengokwelashwa komugqa wokuqala. Kodwa-ke, uma ukutheleleka kusanda kwenzeka, isivivinyo singase sibe simbi. Kungase kube kuhle ukuphinda ukuhlola noma ukusebenzisa enye indlela. 

Ukuhlolwa kwelabhorethri nakho kungenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukuhlolwa okusheshayo noma ukuhlinzeka ngokunemba ekuxilongweni (i-PCR, i-Immunofluorescence).

Ngeshwa, akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwe-FeLV. Ukunakekela ngokuvamile kuzogxila ekwelapheni izifo zesibili noma ekulawuleni izimpawu zomtholampilo zekati. 

Kodwa-ke, ikati eline-leukosis akufanele lilahlwe. Isibikezelo sokusinda sincike esigabeni sesifo nasezimeni zesibili ezakhiwe yikati. 

Ukusinda okumaphakathi ngemva kokuxilongwa kwalesi sifo cishe iminyaka emi-3, kodwa ngokuphathwa kahle kwalesi sifo, ikati elingaphakathi lingaphila isikhathi eside kakhulu.

Ukugoma kuyithuluzi elibalulekile lokuphatha i-FeLV. Umuthi wokugoma awusebenzi ngo-100%, kepha ukufakwa kwawo ezinhlelweni ezijwayelekile zokugoma kwehlise ukwanda kwegciwane emakati asekhaya. Ngakho-ke kunconywa ukugoma amakati ngokufinyelela ngaphandle.