Itholakala emikhiqizweni eminingi yansuku zonke nasezinsizeni zezokwelapha, i-latex iyinto engabangela ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile. Yiziphi izimpawu zokungezwani ne-latex? Obani abantu abasengozini enkulu? Ingabe singaselapha? Izimpendulo noDkt Ruth Navarro, udokotela womzimba.

I-Latex yinto ephuma esihlahleni, isihlahla senjoloba. Kwenzeka njengoketshezi olubisi ngaphansi kwamagxolo esihlahla. Ikhule kakhulu emazweni ashisayo (iMalaysia, Thailand, India), isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo engaphezu kuka-40 eyaziwa kakhulu emphakathini jikelele, okuhlanganisa evame kakhulu: amagilavu ​​ezokwelapha, amakhondomu, ushingamu, amabhaluni aphefumulayo, amabhande okunwebeka nezilenga. izingubo (isibonelo ubhodisi) nezingono zamabhodlela.

Sikhuluma ngokungezwani komzimba ne-latex lapho umuntu ohlangana nento okokuqala eba nokusabela okungavamile kokuzivikela komzimba okuzoholela ekungezwani komzimba lapho ethintana ne-latex okwesibili. Ukungezwani komzimba nezimpawu ezihambisana nakho kuxhumene nokukhiqizwa kwama-immunoglobulins E (IgE), amasosha omzimba aqondiswe kumaprotheni aku-latex.

Ngubani othintekayo?

Phakathi kuka-1 no-6,4% wabantu abaningi abazwani ne-latex. Wonke amaqembu obudala ayathinteka, kodwa siyaqaphela ukuthi abanye abantu basengozini kakhulu kunabanye yokungenwa lolu hlobo lokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile. “Abantu asebehlinzwe kaningi besebancane kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ukungenelela ku-spina bifida noma emgudwini womchamo, kodwa futhi ochwepheshe bezempilo abavamise ukusebenzisa amagilavu ​​e-latex bangabantu abasengozini enkulu yokungezwani ne-latex. ”, Ukhomba uDkt Navarro. Ingxenye yabantu abangezwani ne-latex nayo iphezulu ezigulini ezine-atopic.

Izimpawu ziyehluka kuye ngohlobo lokuchayeka kwe-allergen. “I-allergies ayibonakali ngendlela efanayo uma ithinta i-latex i-cutaneous ne-respiratory noma uma kuyigazi. Ukuthintana negazi kwenzeka lapho uchwepheshe wezempilo engenelela ngaphakathi esiswini ngamagilavu ​​e-latex ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa ngokwesibonelo ”, icacisa i-allergist. 

Ukusabela kwendawo

Ngakho-ke, kwenziwa umehluko phakathi kokusabela kwendawo kanye nokusabela kwesistimu. Ekuphenduleni kwendawo, sithola izimpawu ze-cutaneous:

• thintana ne-eczema ngokucasuka;
• ukubomvu kwesikhumba;
• indawo ye-edema;
• ukulunywa.

“Zonke lezi zimpawu ziwuphawu lokubambezeleka kokungezwani komzimba ne-latex, okungukuthi, okwenzeka ngemva kwemizuzu noma amahora ambalwa kuhlangene ne-allergen,” kusho uDkt Navarro. 

Izimpawu zokuphefumula nezamehlo

I-latex yokungezwani komzimba nayo ingabangela izimpawu zokuphefumula nezamehlo lapho umuntu ongezwani nomzimba ephefumula izinhlayiya ezikhishwe emoyeni yi-latex:

• ubunzima bokuphefumula;
• ukukhwehlela;
• ukuphelelwa umoya;
• ukuluma emehlweni;
• amehlo ekhala;
• ukuthimula;
• ikhala eligijimayo.

Ukusabela okubi kakhulu

Ukusabela okuhlelekile, okungenzeka kubi kakhulu, kuthinta wonke umzimba futhi kuvele ngokushesha ngemva kokuthintana ne-latex negazi (ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa). Ziphumela ekuvuvukeni kolwelwesi lwamafinyila kanye / noma ukushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic, isimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esingaholela ekufeni uma kungekho ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Ukwelashwa kwalolu hlobo lokungezwani komzimba ukukhishwa kwe-latex. Kuze kube manje, akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwe-latex desensitization. Ukwelashwa okunikezwayo kungadambisa izimpawu kuphela lapho kuvela ukungezwani komzimba. “Ukuze kudambise izimpawu zesikhumba, kunganikezwa isigcobo esine-cortisone,” kusho uchwepheshe. Izidakamizwa ze-Antihistamine nazo zinqunyelwe ukunciphisa ukusabela kwesikhumba sendawo, ukuphefumula kanye namehlo. 

Ukwelashwa kokusabela okunzima

Uma kwenzeka ukusabela okunamandla njengokushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic, ukwelashwa kusekelwe kumjovo we-adrenaline e-intramuscular. Uma usebenzelana nomuntu onobunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kobuso, ukuquleka kanye nokuquleka emzimbeni wonke, mbeke endaweni ephephile yokuphepha (PLS) bese ushayela ngokushesha u-15 noma 112. Lapho befika, abezimo eziphuthumayo bazojova i-adrenaline. Qaphela ukuthi iziguli esezivele zinesiqephu sokushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi ziphethe ikhithi yezimo eziphuthumayo equkethe i-antihistamine kanye nepeni le-epinephrine elizijova ngokuzenzakalelayo uma lokhu kwenzeka futhi.

Uma ungezwani ne-latex:

• njalo ukubike kochwepheshe bezempilo obathintayo;
• njalo uphathe ikhadi elisho ukungezwani kwakho ne-latex ukuze utshele abezimo eziphuthumayo uma kwenzeka ingozi;
• gwema ukuthintana nezinto ze-latex (amagilavu ​​e-latex, amakhondomu e-latex, amabhaluni, izibuko zokubhukuda, amakepisi okugeza erabha, njll.). “Ngenhlanhla, kunezinye izindlela zokusebenzisa i-latex ezintweni ezithile. Kukhona amakhondomu e-vinyl namagilavu ​​e-hypoallergenic vinyl noma ama-neoprene.

I-Latex inamaphrotheni atholakala nasekudleni futhi lokhu kungaholela ekungezwani komzimba nezinto ezihlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke umuntu ongazwani ne-latex angase angezwani nokwatapheya, ubhanana, i-kiwi noma i-chestnut.

Yingakho uma kwenzeka izinsolo zokungezwani ne-latex esigulini, i-allergist ingahlola ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa uma kungekho ukungezwani komzimba okuwela nezithelo ezishiwo ngenhla. Ukuxilongwa kuqala ngokubuza kwesiguli ukuze sazi izimo zokuqala kwezimpawu, izimpawu ezihlukahlukene zezinsolo zokungezwani komzimba kanye nezinga lokuchayeka ku-allergen okukhulunywa ngayo. I-allergist ibe isihlola isikhumba (i-prick test): ufaka inani elincane le-latex esikhumbeni sengalo futhi abone ukuthi isabela ngendlela engavamile (ubomvu, ukulunywa, njll.). Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungase futhi ku-odwe ukuze kuhlonzwe ukungezwani ne-latex.