Igciwane Klebsiella pneumoniae iyi-enterobacterium ebangela izifo eziningi neziyingozi, ikakhulukazi i-nosocomial eFrance. Inani lezinhlobo ze Klebsiella pneumoniae baye bahlakulela ukumelana namagciwane amaningi.

Klebsiella pneumoniae, ngaphambili eyayaziwa ngokuthi i-pneumobacillus ka-Friedlander, iyi-enterobacterium, okungukuthi, i-bacillus e-gram-negative. Itholakala ngokwemvelo emathunjini, emigwaqweni yomoya engenhla yabantu kanye nezilwane ezinegazi elifudumele: kuthiwa i-bacterium ye-commensal.

Ihlanganisa kuze kufike ku-30% wabantu kulwelwesi lwamafinyila lokugaya ukudla kanye ne-nasopharyngeal. Leli gciwane litholakala emanzini, enhlabathini, ezitshalweni nasothulini (ukungcoliswa yindle). Iphinde ibe yi-pathogen ebhekele izifo ezahlukahlukene:

• inyumoniya,
• izifo ze-septic,
• izifo ze-urinary tract,
• izifo zamathumbu,
• isifo sezinso.

EYurophu, i-Klebsiella pneumoniae iyimbangela yokutheleleka kokuphefumula komphakathi (emadolobheni) kubantu ababuthakathaka (abadakwa, abanesifo sikashukela, asebekhulile noma labo abaphethwe izifo ezingapheli zokuphefumula) futhi ikakhulukazi izifo ze-nosocomial (ezifakwe ezibhedlela) kubantu abalaliswe esibhedlela (inyumoniya, i-sepsis). kanye nezifo zezingane ezisanda kuzalwa kanye neziguli ezisegunjini labagula kakhulu).

Igciwane Klebsiella pneumoniae Ikakhulukazi ibonwa njengenesibopho sokutheleleka kwe-nosocomial urinary kanye ne-intra-abdominal, i-sepsis, i-pneumonia, nezifo zendawo yokuhlinzwa. Cishe i-8% yezifo ze-nosocomial eYurophu nase-United States zibangelwa yile bacterium. Ukutheleleka kwe-Klebsiella pneumoniae kuvamile eminyangweni yezingane ezisanda kuzalwa, ikakhulukazi ezindlini zabagula kakhulu nasezinsaneni ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Izimpawu zokutheleleka okujwayelekile kwe-Klebsiella pneumoniae

Izimpawu zokutheleleka okujwayelekile kwe-Klebsiella pneumoniae yilezo zokutheleleka okunzima kwebhaktheriya:

• umkhuhlane omkhulu,
• ubuhlungu,
• ukuwohloka kwesimo esijwayelekile,
• amakhaza.

Izimpawu zokutheleleka kokuphefumula nge-Klebsiella pneumoniae

Izimpawu zokutheleleka kokuphefumula nge-Klebsiella pneumoniae zivame ukuba ngamaphaphu, nesikhwehlela nokukhwehlela, ngaphezu kwemfiva.

Izimpawu zokutheleleka komgudu womchamo obangelwa i-Klebsiella pneumoniae

Izimpawu zokutheleleka komgudu womchamo nge-Klebsiella pneumoniae zihlanganisa ukuvutha nobuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuchama, umchamo onukayo futhi onamafu, isidingo esivamile nesiphuthumayo sokuchama, ngezinye izikhathi isicanucanu nokuhlanza.

Izimpawu ze-meningitis ezibangelwa i-Klebsiella pneumoniae

Izimpawu ze-Klebsiella pneumoniae meningitis (ezingavamile kakhulu) yizi:

• ikhanda,
• imfiva,
• isimo sokuqaphela esishintshile,
• izinkinga ziyaquleka,
• ukushaqeka kwe-septic.

Ukuxilongwa okuqondile kokutheleleka kwe-Klebsiella pneumoniae kusekelwe ekuhlukaniseni nasekukhonjweni kwamagciwane kumasampula egazi, umchamo, isikhwehlela, uketshezi lwe-bronchial noma izicubu ezithelelekile. Ukuhlonza amagciwane kufanele ngempela kuhambisane nokusebenza kwe-antibiogram.

I-antibiogram iyindlela yaselabhorethri eyenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlola ukuzwela kohlobo lwebhaktheriya maqondana nemithi elwa namagciwane eyodwa noma ngaphezulu, ebonakala ibalulekile ohlotsheni lwe-Klebsiella pneumoniae oluvame ukumelana nemithi eminingi elwa namagciwane.

Ibhaktheriya i-Klebsiella pneumoniae njengezinye i-Enterobacteriaceae iphathwa ngesandla, okusho ukuthi leli gciwane lingadluliswa ngokuthinta isikhumba ngezinto ezingcolile noma indawo engaphezulu. Esibhedlela, amagciwane asakazwa esuka kwesinye isiguli aye kwesinye ngezandla zabanakekeli abakwazi ukuthwala amagciwane esuka kwesinye isiguli aye kwesinye.

Izifo eziphuma ngaphandle kwesibhedlela i-Klebsiella pneumoniae zingelashwa edolobheni nge-cephalosporin (isb. ceftriaxone) noma i-fluoroquinolone (isb i-levofloxacin).

Ukutheleleka okujulile nge-Klebsiella pneumoniae kwelashwa ngama-antibiotics ajovwe. Ngokuvamile ziphathwa ngama-cephalosporins nama-carbapenems ane-spectrum ebanzi (imipenem, meropenem, ertapenem), noma ngisho ne-fluoroquinolones noma ama-aminoglycosides. Ukukhetha ukuthi yimaphi ama-antibiotic okufanele anikezwe kungaba nzima ngenxa yokutholwa kokungazweli.

Izinhlobo ze-Klebsiellia pneumoniae ziye zakha ukumelana namagciwane amaningi. I-World Health Organization (WHO) ihlukanisa leli gciwane phakathi kwamagciwane angu-12 abalulekile amelana nemithi elwa namagciwane. Isibonelo, i-Klebsiella pneumoniae ingakhiqiza i-enzyme, i-carbapenemase, evimbela umphumela wawo wonke okuthiwa ama-antibiotic abanzi we-β-lactam.

Kwamanye amazwe, ama-antibiotics awasasebenzi engxenyeni yeziguli ezelashelwa izifo ze-K. pneumoniae. Ukumelana okutholiwe kuma-antibiotics nakho kungase kuthinte ezinye izigaba zezidakamizwa ezifana nama-aminoglycosides.