Icacile futhi ayinambala, uketshezi lwangaphakathi luyageza futhi luzungeze amangqamuzana omzimba futhi luyindlela yokuhlinzeka ngezinto zokwakha kumaseli. Ungakuchaza kanjani? Iyini indima yayo kanye nokwakheka kwayo? Uyini umehluko nge-lymph?

I-lymphatic system iqoqo lemikhumbi nama-lymph nodes athwala uketshezi olubizwa ngokuthi i-lymph futhi asize umzimba uvikeleke ezifweni futhi ugcine amangqamuzana esebenza kahle oketshezini olubizwa ngokuthi i-interstitial fluid.

Uketshezi lwe-Interstitial uketshezi oluthatha isikhala phakathi kwama-capillaries egazi namaseli. Kusuka kulolu ketshezi lapho amangqamuzana athola khona ukudla kwawo nomoya-mpilo futhi enze kube lula ukushintshana kwezakhamzimba nokumosha phakathi kwawo. I-interstitial fluid eyeqile idonswa ama-lymphatic capillaries bese iba, i-lymph.

Amaseli akhiwe ngamanzi, ama-amino acid, ushukela, ama-fatty acids, ama-coenzymes, amahomoni, ama-neurotransmitters, usawoti, kanye nemikhiqizo yamangqamuzana.

Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle kwamaseli, le medium kumele ibe nokubunjwa okuzinzile kanye nevolumu. Nsuku zonke, ngaphezudlwana kwamalitha ayi-10 oketshezi luyavuza emithanjeni yegazi futhi lube yingxenye yoketshezi lwe-interstitial. Iwuhlelo lwe-lymphatic olunesibopho sokuvumelanisa ibhalansi ngokubuyisela uketshezi oluningi lwe-interstitial emuva egazini. Ukweqisa okubizwa ngokuthi i-lymph kunendima enkulu ekuhlanzeni imfucuza emzimbeni nasekulweni nezinto ezithathelwanayo.

Ama-lymph nodes, afana nama-node emgudwini we-lymph, asebenza njengesisefo futhi abangele ngokushesha ukusabela kokuzivikela komzimba.

Uhlelo lwe-lymphatic lubuyisela amaprotheni egazi akuketshezi lwe-interstitial futhi angakwazi ukudlula kalula odongeni lwama-capillaries ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obukhulu kakhulu. Imikhumbi ye-lymphatic ihambisa i-lipids, efakwe emathunjini amancane, iye esibindi.

I-lymph ingathinteka ngama-pathologies ahlukene:

• I-non-Hodgkin lymphoma : umdlavuza oqala ohlelweni lwe-lymphatic. Ngokuvamile, iqala kuma-lymph nodes, yingakho igama layo "umdlavuza we-lymph". Izimpawu ukwanda kosayizi we-lymph node ongazwakala, umkhuhlane ongachazeki, ukujuluka okukhulu ebusuku nokuncipha kwesisindo;
• IHodgkin lymphoma (noma isifo sikaHodgkin) uhlobo lomdlavuza we-lymphatic system futhi lubonakala ngokunyuka okungavamile kwevolumu yama-lymphocyte;
• I-Lymphedema : izibonakalisa ngokugcinwa koketshezi lwe-interstitial (lymph) lapho ingakwazi ukujikeleza ngokujwayelekile ngenxa yesithiyo futhi ibangele ukuvuvukala (i-edema) yezicubu ezithambile ezizungezile, ngokuvamile ezitholakala ekugcineni, okubizwa nangokuthi i-lymphatic obstruction. Lapho ama-lymph nodes esusiwe noma alimele ngenxa yomdlavuza khona-ke ingozi ye-lymphedema iyanda ngenani lama-lymph nodes athintekayo;
• I-Lymphangitis: ukutheleleka komkhumbi we-lymphatic owodwa noma ngaphezulu, ngokuvamile ngenxa yamagciwane (icala le-erysipelas) futhi kubangela inkambo ebomvu, evuvukele futhi ebuhlungu yomkhumbi we-lymph okukhulunywa ngawo ngokunyuka komthamo we-lymph node.

La i-lymphoscintigraphy ukuhlolwa okukuvumela ukuthi ubone ngeso lengqondo uhlelo lwe-lymphatic.

Ukuxilongwa okusemthethweni kwe-non-Hodgkin lymphoma ne-Hodgkin lymphoma kusekelwe kulokhu:

• ukunquma ukuma kwe-lymphoma, okudinga i-lymph node biopsy, okungukuthi ukukhishwa kwesampula yezicubu kwelinye lamanode angavamile;
• ukuhlolwa kokunwetshwa okuhlose ukuthola zonke izindawo zesifo;
• ukuhlolwa okuvamile kwesiguli ukuze kuhlolwe amanye ama-pathologies angase abe khona, ikakhulukazi inhliziyo, nokunquma ukwelashwa okungenzeka.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-lymphedema: I-iympho-MRI “iya ngokuya yenziwa ekuxilongeni, lapho ububanzi belunga bukhulu kunohlangothi oluphambene, futhi lusebenza kangcono ukuhlonza ukwehla kokujikeleza kwegazi. i-lymphatic.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-lymphangitis : Ukubukeka okuvamile nokuhlolwa kwegazi ngokuvamile kubonisa ukwanda kwenani lamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi alwa nezifo.

Kulawa ma-pathologies ahlukahlukene, nansi izindlela zokwelapha ezinikezwayo:

• I-non-Hodgkin lymphoma : ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, i-radiotherapy kanye ne-immunotherapy kuyingxenye yokwelashwa kuye ngohlobo nesigaba se-lymphoma, kanye nezinye izici;
• IHodgkin lymphoma : ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kuwumugqa wokuqala;
• I-Lymphedema : akukho ukwelashwa okwelaphayo. Uma kusenesikhathi, i-physiotherapy ye-decongestant iyasebenza ekwehliseni ukuvuvukala nokukhulula izimpawu;
• I-Lymphangitis : yelashwa isikhathi esiningi ngama-antistreptococcal antibiotics.