Babengu-3551 ngo-2002 kanti bangu-1569 kuphela ngo-2012. Isibalo sezingane ezitholwa phesheya sehle kakhulu ngo-2012, ngokwezibalo zakamuva zeQuai d'Orsay. Ngemva kweCambodia, iLaos, izwe elisha, I Mali wanquma ekupheleni 2012 ukuze vimba ukutholwa kwamazwe ngamazwe, ifaka imindeni ezicelo zayo eziqhubekayo ekudidekeni okukhulu. Izingxabano ezihlomile, ukungazinzi kwezombusazwe kodwa nezinhlekelele zemvelo, njengaseHaiti ngo-2010, ziye zaholela ekumisweni kokutholwa emazweni amaningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona nezinye izici ezifana ukuthuthukiswa komnotho wamazwe ayedabuka kuwo. I-China, iBrazil neRussia ibone ukuvela kwesigaba esikhulu esiphakathi. Ukwenyuka kwezinga lempilo yabantu kuhambisana nokwehla kwabayeka ukufunda. “Ukuvikelwa kwezingane kuqiniswa ngokusungulwa kwezinhlaka ezisekela omama nezinakekela izingane ezilahliwe,” kuchaza uChantal Cransac, ummeleli wenhlangano yaseFrance yokutholwa (AFA). Manje sebeyazi ukuthi ubusha babo buyinto ewusizo ”. Elinye iphuzu elihle: amazwe amaningana aqale uguquko ukuze alawule kangcono izinqubo zokutholwa ngokwamukela. i-Hague Convention. Lokhu kukubeka ngokucacile ukuthi izingane kufanele zikhuliswe njengento eza kuqala emindenini yazo noma zithathwe ezweni lakubo. Kungakho iMali yamukele ikhodi yomndeni ebeka lokhu kuqala futhi ngenxa yalokho inqume ukuzivala ekuthathweni kwamazwe ngamazwe.
Amazwe adingeka kakhulu
Amazwe okudabuka kuwo abeka eyawo indlela yokunquma: iminyaka yabantu abangabamukeli, izinga lokuphila, umshado, njll. Njengoba zibhekene nokwanda kwezicelo, ziya ngokuya zikhetha. E-China, abamukeli kufanele banikeze ubufakazi bediploma yezinga lesi-4 (Bac). Iziphathimandla futhi ziyenqaba ukuphathisa ingane kubazali abangenayo imali eyanele, izinkinga zempilo noma abakhuluphele. Kusukela ngo-September 2012, abantu abafisa ukuthatha izingane eRussia kudingeke ukuthi balandele izifundo zokuqeqeshwa zamahora angu-80. Okokugcina, amanye amazwe afana neBurkina Faso noma iCambodia avele abeke ama-quotas. Umphumela : inani lezingane zokutholwa liyancipha futhi izinqubo zinde. Isibonelo, abazali abafake ifayela lokutholwa ngo-2006 e-China manje sebebona iphrojekthi yabo iphumelela. Njengamanje, imindeni ehamba nge-AFA kufanele ikhawulele ekuthumeleni ifayela ezweni elilodwa. Izinhlangano sezizonke ziyayiphikisa le nqubo. “Isimo sokutholwa sintekenteke kakhulu,” kuzikhalela u-Hélène Marquié, umongameli wenhlangano ye-Cœur Adoption. Izindaba zisikhombisile ukuthi ngokuphazima kweso izwe lingavala, abazali kumele bakwazi ukuphathisa amaphrojekthi amaningana ku-AFA. “
Iphrofayili yezingane isishintshile
Kanye nokwelulwa kwezinqubo, iphrofayili yezingane eziphathiswe ukutholwa kwamanye amazwe isishintshile. Amazwe manje athanda ukutholwa ezingeni likazwelonke, ikakhulukazi lawo asemukele iSivumelwano SaseHague. Ngokunengqondo, izakhamuzi zamukela izingane ezincane nezinempilo. Izingane ezihlongozwayo zokutholwa yilabo abangatholwa ezweni lakubo. Kunjalo “Ngezidingo ezithile”. Ngamanye amazwi, isikhathi esiningi basuke bebadala noma bayizelamani. Bangaba ne ukukhubazeka, izinkinga zengqondo noma izindaba ezinzima. “Eminyakeni engu-10 edlule, lapho sihlangana nama-postulants, sabatshela ukuthi kungase kuthathe isikhathi kodwa maningi amathuba okuthi umsebenzi wabo ufezeke, kuchaza uNathalie Parent, uMongameli Wezingane kanye Nemindeni Etholwayo. (EFA). Namuhla akusenjalo, azisekho izingane ezincane nezinempilo, abamukelayo kufanele bazi. “Ukuze kulungiswe futhi kuqwashiswe imindeni efaka izicelo zokunakekelwa okungeyona eyakho, i-AFA ibihlela imihlangano yolwazi yanyanga zonke ngalezi” “zingane” ezahlukene kusukela ngoMashi 2013. Izinhlangano zabazali bokutholwa nazo zizimisele ukuxwayisa abafake izicelo ngaleli qiniso elisha. “Indima yethu ayikona neze ukungabathinti, kukubo ukubona ukuthi sebekulungele ukuya kude kangakanani,” kuqhuba uNathalie Parent. Wonke umuntu unemingcele yakhe. Kodwa noma kunjalo asiyi ngasenganeni enezidingo ezithile ngokuzenzakalelayo. “