I-Hypervitaminosis

Incazelo jikelele yalesi sifo

Kuyisimo se-pathological esibangelwa ukudakwa ngomthamo omkhulu wamavithamini. I-hypervitaminosis A ejwayelekile kakhulu no-D.

I-Hypervitaminosis ingaba nzima noma ingapheli. Ifomu elibi lalesi sifo likhula njengomphumela wokudla okungalawulwa kanyekanye komthamo omkhulu wamavithamini futhi kufana nobuthi bokudla ezimpawu^[3].

Ifomu elingapheli kwenzeka ngokusetshenziswa kwezinga lenyukile lamavithamini izakhiwo, kufaka phakathi izithako zokudla.

Ubuthi be-Vitamin bujwayelekile kubahlali bamazwe athuthukile, lapho kutholakala khona izithasiselo zamavithamini. Ngophawu oluncane lokugula, abantu baqala ukuthatha isilinganiso sokushaqeka kwamavithamini ngaphandle kwesincomo sikadokotela.

Amavithamini angaba:

1. 1 inyibilikiswa amanzi - i-vitamin complex B novithamini C. Ukweqisa kwala mavithamini kwenzeka ezimweni ezingavamile, ngoba kuphela inani lamavithamini adingekayo emzimbeni afakwa egazini, futhi okweqile kukhishwa emchameni;
2. 2 encibilikayo - amavithamini A, D, K, E, anqwabelana kwizicubu ze-adipose zezitho zangaphakathi, ngakho-ke ukweqa kwawo kunzima kakhulu ukususa emzimbeni.

Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nezimbangela zezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-hypervitaminosis

• uvithamini A hypervitaminosis kungenzeka ngokungena okungalawuleki kwamalungiselelo aqukethe amavithamini kanye nokusetshenziswa njalo kwemikhiqizo enjengale: isibindi sezinhlanzi zasolwandle, isibindi senyama yenkomo, amaqanda ezinkukhu, isibindi sebhere elimhlophe kanye nabanye abameleli bezilwane ezisenyakatho. Imfuneko yansuku zonke yale vithamini kumuntu omdala ayikho ngaphezu kwe-2-3 mg;
• uvithamini B12 hypervitaminosis akuvamile futhi, njengomthetho, kubantu asebekhulile, njengemiphumela emibi ekwelapheni i-anemia eyingozi;
• i-hypervitaminosis C kwenzeka ngokudla okungalawulwa kwama-analogs wokwenziwa kavithamini C;
• i-vitamin D hypervitaminosis yenzeka ngokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwezikhupha zamaqanda namafutha enhlanzi, izimpahla ezibhakwe imvubelo, nesibindi sezinhlanzi zasolwandle. Ukweqisa kukavithamini D kungaba nomphumela oseceleni ekwelapheni ama-rickets nezinye izimo zesikhumba. Inani eliningi ngokweqile likavithamini D livusa i-hypercalcemia ne-hyperphosphatemia, kuyilapho ukugxila kwe-potassium ne-magnesium emzimbeni kuncipha kakhulu;
• i-hypervitaminosis E eba ngokudla ngokweqile kwama-multivitamin.

Izimpawu ze-hypervitaminosis

Izimpawu zokuchichima kwamavithamini azihlali zinezimpawu zangaphandle futhi zincike ekukwengezeni kwevithamini ethile:

1. 1 i-vitamin A eyeqile kuboniswa yisiyezi, ukungathandi ukudla, isifo sohudo, ikhanda elibuhlungu nelide, umkhuhlane, ubuthakathaka obujwayelekile, ubuhlungu bamalunga, ubuhlungu bamathambo, ukuxebuka kwesikhumba. Zonke lezi zimpawu aziveli ngokushesha, konke kuqala ngekhanda le-banal, bese kulahleka izinwele, ukuqubuka okufana nomfutho obomvu, ukuqina kwamapuleti wezipikili nokuncipha kwesisindo somzimba kungaqala;
2. 2 ubufakazi i-hypervitaminosis B azibizwa njalo, ngoba zikhishwa ngokushesha emzimbeni. Isiguli sizwa ubuthakathaka obungapheli, i-tachycardia kanye nokozela, kwesinye isikhathi kuyabukwa nokuqubuka kwesikhumba;
3. 3 ukudakwa kukavithamini C uzibonakalisa ukwephula amathumbu, ukuqubuka komzimba, ukucasuka kwepheshana lokuchama, ukugula okujwayelekile. Izingane zingaba nokubonakaliswa okungenangqondo kobudlova;
4. 4 nge i-hypervitaminosis D mhlawumbe ukwanda kwethoni yemisipha, ukulimala kwento yokusebenza yezinso, kanye nokwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-Ca emchameni nasegazini. Izinkinga zesisu kanye nokuntuleka kwesifiso nakho kungenzeka;
5. 5 i-vitamin E eyeqile kwehlisa amazinga kashukela egazini, ukuphathwa yikhanda okusakazekayo nobuthakathaka obukhulayo kungenzeka noma ngokuzikhandla okuncane komzimba. Ezinye iziguli zinombono ophindwe kabili;
6. 6 uvithamini K hypervitaminosis kuholela ekuguleni kwegazi.

Izinkinga ze-hypervitaminosis

Ukudla okungalawulwa kwamavithamini kungadala izinkinga ezinkulu:

• uvithamini A hypervitaminosis kungaholela ekuthambekeni kwamathambo okukhulu, ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinso, ukulimala kwesibindi, kanye nokubhujiswa kwezinwele zezinwele. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, omama abakhulelwe badinga ukulawula umthamo kavithamini A, ngoba ukweqisa emzimbeni kungadala ukukhubazeka okungalungiseki noma ukukhulelwa kwesisu embungwini;
• ehlala njalo ukudakwa ngamavithamini B kungadala izinkinga ngokuxhumanisa, ukungezwani komzimba, ukukhubazeka kwezitho. Uma kwenzeka ukwelashwa okungalungile, ukuphazamiseka okungenakulungiswa kwesistimu yezinzwa, i-edema yamaphaphu, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, i-vascular thrombosis kanye nokushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic;
• kubizwe i-hypervitaminosis C ezinganeni kungaholela ekwandeni kwesifo sikashukela. Ukweqiwa kwele vithamini emzimbeni kunciphisa ukujiya kwegazi, kukhuphula umfutho wegazi ophezulu, ukuphazamiseka kwemetabolism ye-carbohydrate futhi kuyiphinda kabili ingozi yamatshe ezinso. Ukudakwa uvithamini C kungabangela ukungabi nenzalo, ukukhulelwa nokukhulelwa kwesisu. I-Atrophy yezindlala ze-adrenal nokuphazamiseka okukhulu emsebenzini wenhliziyo ne-gland gland kungenzeka;
• nge ukudakwa kukavithamini D ukuqala kokubhujiswa kolwelwesi lweseli, ukubekwa kweCa ezithweni zangaphakathi, ukuthuthukiswa kwamathambo nokubalwa kwe-cornea kungenzeka. Enye yezinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu kule nkinga yi-uremia. Ukweqa uvithamini D emzimbeni kunciphisa ukugxila kuka-K noMg egazini;
• Ukweqisa kwe-Vitamin E kungaholela ekuguqulweni kwesakhiwo sezicubu zamathambo, esigcwele ukuthambekela kokuqhekeka, kuyilapho ukumuncwa kwamavithamini A, K, D ngumzimba kuya ngokuya kuba kubi, futhi ukungaboni ebusuku kungavela. I-Hypervitaminosis E inomthelela onobuthi kumaseli ezinso nezesibindi.

Ukuvimbela i-hypervitaminosis

Ukuvimbela ukugcwala kwamavithamini emzimbeni, akufanele uzinikeze amalungiselelo we-multivitamin uwedwa. Amavithamini akufanele athathwe unyaka wonke. Kwanele ukwenza lokhu ngenkathi yasekwindla-ebusika futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ikhefu liyadingeka njalo emavikini angu-3-4. Ngentwasahlobo nasehlobo, kulula ukwehluka ekudleni kwakho ngamakhambi amasha, izithelo nemifino yonyaka.

Kuyadingeka ukuphatha ngamabomu ukukhetha kokudla nokwakheka kokudla kanye nokuqapha ukwakheka kwamavithamini. Uma usebenzisa amalungiselelo wamavithamini, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amanani amakhulu amavithamini afanayo awadliwe ngokudla.

Ukudla okungajwayelekile kanye nokuthanjiswa kufanele kuthathwe ngokuqapha.

Ukwelashwa kwe-hypervitaminosis emithini ejwayelekile

Ukwelashwa kuncike ngokweqile kuvithamini ethile; Ukwelashwa kuhlose ukuqeda imbangela ye-hypervitaminosis. Kungakhathalekile ukuthi hlobo luni lwe-hypervitaminosis, kuyadingeka:

1. 1 khipha umzimba emzimbeni;
2. 2 ukuqeda izimpawu ezihambisana ne-hypervitaminosis;
3. 3 lungisa indlela yokudla uyeke ukuthatha amavithamini.

Uma kwenzeka i-hypervitaminosis D, ngaphezu kwezindlela ezingenhla, uma kwenzeka ukudakwa okukhulu, i-diuretic ne-prednisolone ingabekwa.

Nge-hypervitaminosis B, i-diuretics nayo ibekiwe.

Qaphela!

Abaphathi abanacala nganoma yimuphi umzamo wokusebenzisa imininingwane oyinikiwe, futhi akuqinisekisi ukuthi ngeke ikulimaze wena uqobo. Izinto zokwakha azinakusetshenziselwa ukunquma ukwelashwa nokwenza ukuxilongwa. Njalo thintana nodokotela wakho onguchwepheshe!