Ihomoni ebalulekile ekuqhubekeleni phambili okuhle kokuncelisa, iprolactin ikhiqizwa ngemithamo ephezulu ekupheleni kokukhulelwa kanye nasemavikini alandela ukubeletha. Ngaphandle kwalesi sikhathi sokubeletha, noma kunjalo, amazinga aphezulu e-prolactin angathinta ukuzala. Izincazelo.

Iprolactin iyi-hormone ye-hypohyseal. Indima yayo: ukulungisa isifuba ukukhiqiza ubisi lwebele nokukhuthaza ukukhula kwezindlala zebele kusukela ekuthombeni kwabesifazane. Kubo bobabili ubulili, inempendulo kumaseli e-hypothalamic akhiqiza i-GnRH (ihomoni ekhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni ocansi.)

Ifihliwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nangaphandle, usuku lonke, kuyahlukahluka ngaphansi komphumela wezici eziningana:

• ukudla okunothe ngamaprotheni noma ushukela,
• ukulala, - ukucindezeleka (ngokomzimba noma kwengqondo),
• i-anesthesia engenzeka,
• ukuthatha imithi ethile.

Ukukhiqizwa kweprolactin nakho kuyashintsha phakathi nomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini. Ngakho-ke ifinyelela izinga layo eliphakeme kakhulu phakathi nomjikelezo, ngokuhambisana neziqongo zamahomoni e-LH ne-estradiol. Ibuye ihlale iphakeme ngesikhathi se-luteal.

Iprolactin nokukhulelwa, khona-ke iprolactin nokuncelisa kuhlobene kakhulu. Uma ileveli ejwayelekile yeprolactin ingaphansi kwama-25 ng / ml, ingakhuphukela ku-150-200 ng / ml ekupheleni kokukhulelwa nokuphakama ngemuva kokuzalwa. Ngempela, ngemuva kokubeletha futhi ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokubeletha, amazinga e-progesterone kepha ikakhulukazi i-estrogen ehla kakhulu, ngaleyo ndlela kukhishwe iprolactin. Ukugeleza kobisi kungenzeka.

Kamuva, lapho ingane ibeletha kakhulu, kulapho i-prolactin ne-oxytocin (i-hormone ebalulekile yokuncelisa) kukhiqizwa kakhulu, yilapho ubisi lwebele lukhiqizwa njalo. Cishe izinsuku eziyi-15 ngemuva kokuzalwa, izinga leprolactin liqala ukwehla futhi libuyele ezingeni lalo elijwayelekile cishe emasontweni ayisithupha ngemuva kokuzalwa.

Ngaphandle kokukhulelwa, izinga eliphezulu leprolactin lingaba inkomba ye-pathology enomthelela omkhulu ekuzaleni: i-hyperprolactinemia. Kumsuka wale nto: i-prolactin eyeqile iguqula uketshezi lwe-GnRH, i-hormone ekhipha ama-pituitary gonatrophins, nawo uqobo abhekele ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni LH (luteinizing hormone) kanye ne-FSH (follicle stimulating hormone). Kodwa-ke, la mahomoni afanayo adlala indima enkulu ekuvuthweni kweqanda. Le yindlela esibona kalula ngayo uphawu oluyinhloko lwe-hyperprolactinemia kwabesifazane: i-amenorrhea.

Ezinye izimpawu zakhe:

• i-oligomenorrhea (imijikelezo engajwayelekile futhi engajwayelekile),
• isigaba esifushane se-luteal,
• i-galactorrhea (ukusheshisa ubisi),
• ukungazali.

I-Hyperprolactinemia: isifo samadoda naso

 Ngokumangazayo, izinga eliphakeme leprolactin lingatholakala kubantu. Okuyinkimbinkimbi nakakhulu ukukhomba, izimpawu zayo zihlotshaniswa nobukhulu be-tumor ekhona (ubuhlungu bekhanda, njll.). I-Hyperprolactemia nayo ingahambisana nezinye izimpawu ezinjenge:

• ukulahlekelwa isifiso,
• ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile,
• gynecomastia (ukuthuthukiswa kwezindlala ezincelisayo),
• i-galactorrhée,
• ukungazali.

Ungayichaza kanjani i-hyperprolactinemia? Ezimweni eziningi, izimbangela ze-iatrogenic, okungukuthi imiphumela yokwelashwa kwangaphambili, yimbangela yokwenyuka okungavamile kweprolactin. Izidakamizwa eziyinhloko ezithintekayo yilezi:

• izidakamizwa ze-neuroleptic,
• tricyclic antidepressants,
• i-metoclopramide ne-domperidone,
• i-estrogen ephezulu (iphilisi lokuvimbela inzalo alibangeli i-hyperprolactinemia),
• amanye ama-antihistamine
• ama-antihypertensives athile,
• ama-opioid.

Isizathu sesibili esivame kakhulu ku-hyperprolactinemia: i-microadenomas, izicubu ezinobungozi ubukhulu bazo abudluli ku-10 mm, obunjwe endlaleni ye-pituitary. Okuphansi, ama-macroadenomas (amakhulu kuno-10 mm ngosayizi) ahambisana hhayi kuphela ngamazinga aphakeme weprolactin, kepha futhi nezinkinga zekhanda nezimpawu zamehlo (inkambu yombono evinjelwe).

Eminye imisuka ye-hyperprolactinemia ingafunwa ekungasebenzini kahle kwe-hypothalamic-pituitary okuhlanganisa isimila se-hypothalamic (craniopharyngioma, glioma) noma isifo esingena ngaphakathi (i-sarcoidosis, i-X-hystocytosis, njll.).

 Ekugcineni, izifo ezithile zingabandakanya ukwanda okubukhali ezingeni leprolactin, njenge:

• i-micropolycystic ovary syndrome (i-PCOS),
• i-hypothyroidism,
• ukwehluleka kwezinso okungapheli,
• I-Cushing's syndrome,
• ezinye izicubu noma izilonda ze-hypothalamus.