Ngo-2015, inani laminyaka yonke lamacala amasha omdlavuza ahlotshaniswa ne-human papillomaviruses lilinganiselwa eFrance ngaphezu kwe-6. Kodwa kunezindlela ezilula zokuzivikela kulokhu kutheleleka ngocansi: ukugoma nokuhlolwa.

I-human papillomavirus, ebizwa nangokuthi i-HPV, igciwane elithathelwana ngocansi, noma i-STI, elingabangela izinsumpa zangasese, zobunzima obuhlukahlukene. Waziwa kakhulu ngokuholela emdlavuzeni ofana nowomlomo wesibeletho, isibonelo, obulala abesifazane abacela ku-1000 unyaka ngamunye. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-150 ze-papillomavirus. Ku-Delphine Chadoutaud, usokhemisi, leli gciwane lingase futhi libangele "umdlavuza ku-rectum noma emlonyeni kulandela imikhuba yocansi ethinta lezi zindawo", kodwa futhi nomdlavuza wepipi, i-vulva, i-vagin noma umphimbo. .

Le midlavuza ithatha iminyaka noma amashumi eminyaka ukuthi ikhule ngendlela engabonakali. Ngokwesizindalwazi se-papillomavirus.fr, “Umlando wemvelo womdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho uqala ngegciwane elibangelwa igciwane eliyingozi kakhulu le-carcinogenic human papillomavirus. Ezimweni ezingaba ngu-10%, igciwane alisuki ngokuzenzakalelayo emzimbeni. Ukutheleleka kuyaphikelela futhi kungaholela ekwandeni kwamangqamuzana okungavamile kanye nokulimala kofuzo. Kube sekuba nobungozi obungabambeki bokuqhubekela esilonda esiyingozi bese kuthi kwezinye izimo kube nomdlavuza ”.

"Ukugoma ngokumelene nama-human papillomaviruses (HPV) kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuvimbela ukutheleleka ngama-papillomavirus avamile, anesibopho, kwabesifazane, ku-70 kuya ku-90% womdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho" kuchaza iwebhusayithi yomshuwalense wezempilo. Nokho, umgomo uwodwa awuvikeli kuwo wonke umdlavuza noma kuzo zonke izilonda eziyingozi. Ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho, abesifazane kufanele bahlolwe njalo ngokwenza i-smear yomlomo wesibeletho, kusukela eminyakeni engu-25. Ocwaningweni olwanyatheliswa ngo-Okthoba 2020 yi-New England Journal of medicine, abacwaningi balandele cishe abesifazane abayisigidi abaneminyaka engu-1. ukuya ku-10 ​​esikhathini esiyiminyaka eyi-30. Imiphumela ikhombisa ukuthi kwabesifazane abagonyiwe, izinga lomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho lifinyelele ku-10 kubantu abangu-47 kanti kwaba ngu-100 kubantu abangu-000 kwabesifazane abangagonyiwe. Iphinde iveze ukuthi abesifazane ababegonyelwe i-papillomavirus babenengozi ephansi ngo-94% yokuthola umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho kunabesifazane abangagonyiwe.

"Ngesikhathi sokugoma, i-antigen iyajovwa ezokwenza kube nokwenzeka ukukhiqiza amasosha omzimba" kucacisa usokhemisi. Njengoba isiza se-papillomavirus.fr sichaza, “La masosha omzimba akhona ikakhulukazi esithweni sangasese sowesifazane, ebusweni bomlomo wesibeletho. Ngesikhathi sokuya ocansini nomlingani ophethe elinye lamagciwane e-papilloma ambozwe ukugoma, amasosha omzimba womuntu ogonyiwe abopha ama-papillomaviruses futhi awavimbele ukuthi angangeni kumaseli, ngaleyo ndlela amvimbele ukuthi angatheleleki ”.

Imithi yokugoma iyatholakala

Njengamanje kunemigomo emithathu etholakalayo yokulwa ne-human papillomavirus:

• umuthi wokugomela i-bivalent (ovikela kumagciwane ohlobo 16 no-18): i-Cervarix®,
• umuthi wokugomela i-quadrivalent (ovikela kumagciwane ohlobo 6, 11, 16 no-18): Gardasil®,
• umuthi wokugoma ongajwayelekile (ophinde uvikele ezinhlotsheni zamagciwane 31, 33, 45, 52 kanye no-58): Gardasil 9®.

Imithi yokugoma ayishintsheki futhi noma yikuphi ukugoma okuqalwe ngomunye wayo kufanele kugcwaliswe ngomgomo ofanayo. UMkhandlu Ophakeme Wezempilo Yomphakathi (HAS) futhi uncoma ukuthi noma yikuphi ukugoma okusha kuqaliswe ngomgomo ongajwayelekile we-Gardasil 9®.

Ku-Delphine Chadoutaud, "umgomo kumele wenziwe ngaphambi kokuqala kwempilo yocansi ukuze usebenze kangcono". Emantombazaneni nabafana abaneminyaka engu-11 kuya kweyi-14, ukugonywa kwenziwa ngemijovo emibili ehlukaniswe izinyanga eziyisi-6 kuya kweziyi-13. Phakathi kweminyaka engu-15 no-19 ubudala, kuyadingeka ukwenza imijovo emithathu: umjovo wesibili uthatha izinyanga ezimbili emva kokuqala, kanti owesithathu izinyanga eziyisithupha emva kokuqala. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-19, ukugoma akusabuyiselwa ukuphepha komphakathi. "Ukugoma kufanele kuxoxwe nodokotela ngoba isimo sihlukile phakathi kwengane eneminyaka engu-25 ubudala eseyintombi noma eneminyaka engu-16 ubudala oseyiqalile impilo yakhe yocansi" kunezela usokhemisi.

“Njengayo yonke imithi yokugoma, kunemiphumela engemihle. Kepha kulokhu, isilinganiso senzuzo yobungozi sihle kakhulu ” kuqinisekisa u-Delphine Chadoutaud. Ngemva kokugoma, ngokwesibonelo kungenzeka ukuzwa ukuba ndikindiki engalweni, inxeba, ububomvu lapho ukulunywa kwenziwa khona. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ezinye iziguli ziphathwa ikhanda, umkhuhlane noma ubuhlungu bemisipha. Le miphumela emibi ngokuvamile iyaphela phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa. Uma ziqhubeka, ungangabazi ukubonana nodokotela wakho.

Izimo

Isiza se-papillomavirus.fr sixwayisa iziguli: “imiphumela engemihle akufanele ididaniswe nokuphikisana nokugoma okuyivelakancane kakhulu. Abanye abantu abakwazi ukugonywa ngezizathu ezihlobene nesimo sabo. Lezi zindlela eziphikisanayo (ukugula, ukukhulelwa kwemigomo ethile, ukungezwani komzimba, njll.) zaziwa kakhulu futhi zihlobene nomgomo ngamunye: ngaphambi kokuwunikeza futhi ngaphambi kokugoma, udokotela noma umbelethisi uyahlola ukuthi umuntu angagonywa yini noma cha. ngesikhathi esimisiwe”.

Umuthi wokugomela i-human papillomavirus ungenziwa ngudokotela, umbelethisi, noma umhlengikazi ngencwadi kadokotela esikhungweni samahhala solwazi, ukuhlolwa nokuxilongwa (Cegidd), isikhungo sokuhlela umndeni kanye nezinye izikhungo zokugoma. umphakathi. Umuthi wokugoma umbozwe ngama-65% yizokuphepha komphakathi lapho kwethulwa incwadi kadokotela. Ukugoma kungase futhi kube mahhala kwezinye izikhungo.