Emazweni amaningi, lokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-ecological vegetarianism kuya ngokuya kuba namandla, okuhlanganisa ukuthi abantu benqaba ukudla imikhiqizo yenyama bephikisana nokufuywa kwezimboni. Zihlangene ngamaqembu kanye nokunyakaza, izishoshovu ze-ecological vegetarianism zenza umsebenzi wokufundisa, zibonisa ukwesabeka kokufuywa kwezimboni kubathengi, zichaza umonakalo obangelwa amafekthri emvelweni.
Kuvalelisa mfundisi
Ucabanga ukuthi yini eyenza umnikelo omkhulu ekuqoqweni kwamagesi abamba ukushisa emkhathini woMhlaba, athathwa njengembangela enkulu yokufudumala kwembulunga yonke? Uma ucabanga ukuthi izimoto noma ukukhishwa kwezimboni kuyimbangela, kusho ukuthi unephutha. Ngokombiko we-US Agricultural and Food Security Report, owashicilelwa ngo-2006, izinkomo ziwumthombo omkhulu wamagesi abamba ukushisa kuleli. Bona, njengoba kwenzeka, manje "bakhiqiza" amagesi abamba ukushisa ngo-18% ngaphezu kwazo zonke izimoto ezihlanganisiwe.
Nakuba ukufuywa kwezilwane zanamuhla kuyisibopho se-9% kuphela ye-CO2 ye-anthropogenic, ikhiqiza u-65% we-nitric oxide, omnikelo wayo emphumela we-greenhouse uphindwe izikhathi ezingu-265 kunesamba esifanayo se-CO2, kanye no-37% we-methane (umnikelo wakamuva. iphindwe izikhathi ezingu-23). Ezinye izinkinga ezihambisana nokukhiqizwa kwemfuyo yesimanje zihlanganisa ukucekelwa phansi kwenhlabathi, ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ngokweqile, nokungcoliswa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba namanzi. Kwenzeka kanjani ukuba ukufuywa kwezilwane, ekuqaleni okwakuyindawo evumelana nemvelo yomuntu (izinkomo zazidla utshani, futhi zabuvundisa), kwaqala ukuba usongo kukho konke ukuphila emhlabeni?
Ingxenye yesizathu ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwenyama ngomuntu ngamunye kuphindeke kabili kule minyaka engu-50 edlule. Futhi njengoba inani labantu landa ngokuphawulekayo ngalesi sikhathi, ukusetshenziswa kwenyama okuphelele kukhuphuke izikhathi ezi-5. Yiqiniso, sikhuluma ngezinkomba ezijwayelekile - empeleni, kwamanye amazwe, inyama, njengoba yayiyisivakashi esingavamile etafuleni, ihlale, kanti kwabanye, ukusetshenziswa kuye kwanda izikhathi eziningi. Ngokwezibikezelo, ngo-2000-2050. ukukhiqizwa kwenyama emhlabeni wonke kuzokwenyuka kusuka kumathani angama-229 kuya ku-465 wezigidi ngonyaka. Ingxenye ebalulekile yale nyama yenkomo. Ngokwesibonelo, e-United States, kudliwa amathani aso angaba yizigidi ezingu-11 minyaka yonke.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inkanuko ikhula kanjani, abantu bebengeke bakwazi ukufinyelela umthamo onjalo wokudla ukube izinkomo nezinye izilwane eziphilayo ezisetshenziselwa ukudla beziqhubeka zikhuliswa ngendlela yakudala, okungukuthi ngokuklama imihlambi ezindaweni ezifuywayo futhi inyoni ikwazi ukugijima. ngokukhululeka emagcekeni. Izinga lamanje lokusetshenziswa kwenyama selifinyeleleke ngenxa yokuthi emazweni athuthukile, izilwane zasemapulazini ziye zayeka ukuphathwa njengezidalwa eziphilayo, kodwa seziqalile ukubonwa njengezinto zokusetshenziswa lapho kudingekile ukucindezela inzuzo eningi ngangokunokwenzeka. ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu nangezindleko eziphansi kakhulu. .
Umcimbi okuzoxoxwa ngawo e-Europe nase-United States wawubizwa ngokuthi “ukulima kwasefekthri” - ukufuywa kwezilwane ezifuywayo. Izici zendlela yemboni yokukhulisa izilwane emazweni aseNtshonalanga ukugxila okuphezulu, ukuxhashazwa okukhulayo kanye nokunganakwa ngokuphelele kwezindinganiso zokuziphatha eziyisisekelo. Ngenxa yalokhu kuqiniswa kokukhiqizwa, inyama yayeka ukuba yinto ewubukhazikhazi futhi yatholakala kubantu abaningi. Nokho, inyama eshibhile inenani layo, elingenakulinganiswa nganoma iyiphi imali. Ikhokhwa izilwane, kanye nabathengi benyama, kanye neplanethi yethu yonke.
Inyama yenkomo yaseMelika
Ziningi kakhulu izinkomo e-United States kangangokuthi uma zonke zidedelwa ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngabe ingasekho indawo yokuhlaliswa kwabantu. Kodwa izinkomo zichitha ingxenye kuphela yokuphila kwazo emasimini—imvamisa izinyanga ezimbalwa (kodwa ngezinye izikhathi iminyaka embalwa, uma unenhlanhla). Bese beyiswa ezisekelweni zokukhuluphalisa. Ezindaweni zokudla, isimo sesivele sehlukile. Lapha, kwenziwa umsebenzi olula futhi onzima - ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ukuletha inyama yezinkomo esimweni esihambisana nokunambitheka okuqondile komthengi. Esisekelweni sokukhuluphalisa kwesinye isikhathi esihamba amamayela, izinkomo ziminyene, isisindo somzimba esiqinile, umquba ofika emadolweni, futhi zimunca ukudla okugxile kakhulu, okuhlanganisa okusanhlamvu, ukudla kwamathambo nenhlanzi nezinye izinto eziphilayo ezidliwayo.
Ukudla okunjalo, okunothe ngokungekona ngokwemvelo ngamaprotheni futhi kuqukethe amaprotheni emvelaphi yezilwane angajwayelekile ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla kwezinkomo, kudala umthwalo omkhulu emathunjini ezilwane futhi kunomthelela ezinqubweni zokuvutshelwa ngokushesha ngokwakhiwa kwe-methane efanayo eshiwo ngenhla. Ukwengeza, ukubola komquba ocebile amaprotheni kuhambisana nokukhululwa kwenani elengeziwe le-nitric oxide.
Ngokwezinye izilinganiso, ama-33% omhlaba olimekayo manje usesetshenziselwa ukutshala okusanhlamvu kokuphakela imfuyo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, u-20% wamadlelo akhona abhekana nokucekeleka phansi komhlabathi ngenxa yokudla utshani obuningi, ukubumbana kwezinselo nokuguguleka komhlabathi. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi kuthatha i-1 kg yokusanhlamvu ukukhulisa i-16 kg yenyama yenkomo e-United States. Uma amadlelo amancane asele elungele ukudliwa kanye nenyama eningi edliwayo, kufanele kutshalwe okusanhlamvu okuningi, hhayi abantu, kodwa imfuyo.
Enye insiza esetshenziswa kakhulu ukufuywa kwezilwane ngesivinini esisheshayo amanzi. Uma kuthatha amalitha angama-550 ukukhiqiza isinkwa sikakolweni, ngakho-ke kuthatha amalitha ayi-100 ukukhula nokucubungula u-7000 g wenyama yenkomo embonini (ngokusho kochwepheshe be-UN mayelana nezinsiza ezivuselelekayo). Cishe amanzi amaningi umuntu ogeza nsuku zonke awachitha ezinyangeni eziyisithupha.
Umphumela obalulekile wokugcwala kwezilwane ezizohlatshwa emapulazini amakhulu efektri kube yinkinga yezokuthutha. Kufanele sithuthe ukudla sikuyise emapulazini, kanye nezinkomo sisuke emadlelweni siyise ezindaweni ezikhuluphalisiweyo, nenyama isuke ezilaheni iye ezindaweni ezilungisa inyama. Ikakhulukazi, ama-70% azo zonke izinkomo zenyama e-United States zihlatshwa ezindaweni zokuhlatshwa ezinkulu ezingu-22, lapho izilwane ngezinye izikhathi zithuthwa khona amakhulu amakhilomitha. Kukhona ihlaya elidabukisayo lokuthi izinkomo zaseMelika zidla kakhulu amafutha. Ngempela, ukuze uthole amaprotheni enyama ngekhalori ngayinye, udinga ukusebenzisa i-khalori engu-1 kaphethiloli (ukuqhathanisa: ikhalori engu-28 yamaprotheni yemifino idinga kuphela i-1 kilojoule kaphethiloli).
Abasizi bamakhemikhali
Kusobala ukuthi akukho mbuzo ngempilo yezilwane ezinokuqukethwe kwezimboni - ukuminyana, ukudla okungekho ngokwemvelo, ukucindezeleka, izimo ezingahlanzekile, ngabe zisinda ekuhlatshweni. Kodwa nalokhu kungaba umsebenzi onzima ukube i-chemistry ayizange isize abantu. Ezimweni ezinjalo, indlela kuphela yokunciphisa ukufa kwemfuyo ezifweni kanye nezimuncagazi ukusetshenziswa ngokukhululekile kwama-antibiotics kanye nezibulala-zinambuzane, okwenziwa ngokuphelele kuwo wonke amapulazi ezimboni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, e-US, ama-hormone avunyelwe ngokusemthethweni, umsebenzi wawo ukusheshisa "ukuvuthwa" kwenyama, ukunciphisa amafutha ayo futhi unikeze ukuthungwa okudingekayo okubucayi.
Futhi kwezinye izindawo zomkhakha wemfuyo wase-US, isithombe siyefana. Isibonelo, izingulube zigcinwa ezibayeni eziminyene. Izingulube ezilindelekile emapulazini amaningi asefekthri zifakwa emakhejini alinganiselwa ku-0,6 × 2 m, lapho zingakwazi ngisho nokuphenduka, futhi ngemva kokuzalwa kwezingane ziboshelwa phansi endaweni ephansi.
Amathole ahloselwe inyama afakwa kusukela ekuzalweni kwawo emakhejini aminyene avimbela ukunyakaza, okubangela ukuwohloka kwemisipha futhi inyama ithole ukuthungwa okuthambile. Izinkukhu "zihlanganiswe" emakhejini anezigaba eziningi kangangokuthi azikwazi ukunyakaza.
EYurophu, isimo sezilwane singcono kakhulu kunase-USA. Isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kwamahomoni kanye nama-antibiotic athile akuvunyelwe lapha, kanye namakheji aminyene amathole. I-UK isivele yawaqeda nya amakheji okuhlwanyela aminyene futhi ihlela ukuwaqeda ngo-2013 ezwekazini lase-Europe. Kodwa-ke, kokubili e-USA naseYurophu, ekukhiqizeni inyama yezimboni (kanye nobisi namaqanda), isimiso esiyinhloko sihlala sifana - ukuthola umkhiqizo omningi ngangokunokwenzeka kumitha yesikwele ngayinye, ngokunganaki ngokuphelele izimo. wezilwane.
Ngaphansi kwalezi zimo, ukukhiqizwa kuncike ngokuphelele "ezinduku zamakhemikhali" - ama-hormone, ama-antibiotics, izibulala-zinambuzane, njll, ngoba zonke ezinye izindlela zokuthuthukisa ukukhiqiza nokugcina izilwane zinempilo enhle ziphenduka zingenanzuzo.
Ama-hormone epuletini
E-United States, ama-hormone ayisithupha manje avunyelwe ngokomthetho ezinkomeni zenyama. Lawa amahomoni amathathu emvelo - i-estradiol, i-progesterone ne-testosterone, kanye nama-hormone amathathu okwenziwa - i-zeranol (isebenza njengehomoni yobulili besifazane), i-melengestrol acetate (i-hormone yokukhulelwa) ne-trenbolone acetate (i-hormone yobulili besilisa). Wonke ama-hormone, ngaphandle kwe-melengestrol, engezwa ekudleni, ajovwa ezindlebeni zezilwane, lapho ehlala khona impilo yonke, kuze kube sekuhlatshweni.
Kuze kube ngu-1971, i-hormone diethylstilbestrol nayo yasetshenziswa e-United States, noma kunjalo, lapho kuvela ukuthi yandisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa izimila eziyingozi futhi ingathinta kabi umsebenzi wokuzala we-fetus (kokubili abafana namantombazane), yavinjelwa. Ngokuphathelene nama-hormone asetshenziswa manje, umhlaba uhlukaniswe amakamu amabili. E-EU naseRussia, azisetshenziswa futhi zibhekwa njengengozi, kuyilapho e-USA kukholakala ukuthi inyama enamahomoni ingadliwa ngaphandle kobungozi. Ubani oqinisile? Ingabe amahomoni asenyameni ayingozi?
Kubonakala sengathi izinto eziningi eziyingozi manje zingena emzimbeni wethu ngokudla, ingabe kufanelekile ukwesaba amahomoni? Kodwa-ke, umuntu kufanele aqaphele ukuthi ama-hormone emvelo kanye nama-synthetic afakwe ezilwaneni zasemapulazini anesakhiwo esifana namahomoni omuntu futhi anomsebenzi ofanayo. Ngakho-ke, bonke abantu baseMelika, ngaphandle kwabadla imifino, bebelokhu besohlotsheni lokwelapha ngama-hormone kusukela besebancane. NabaseRussia bayayithola, njengoba iRussia ingenisa inyama e-United States. Nakuba, njengoba sekushiwo kakade, eRussia, njengase-EU, ukusetshenziswa kwamahomoni ekufuyweni kwezilwane akuvunyelwe, ukuhlolwa kwamazinga e-hormone enyameni evela phesheya kwenziwa kuphela ngokukhetha, futhi ama-hormone emvelo okwamanje asetshenziswa ekufuyweni anzima kakhulu. ukubona, ngoba azihlukaniseki namahomoni emvelo omzimba.
Yiqiniso, akuwona ama-hormone amaningi angena emzimbeni womuntu ngenyama. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi umuntu odla i-0,5 kg yenyama ngosuku uthola i-0,5 μg eyengeziwe ye-estradiol. Njengoba wonke ama-hormone agcinwa emafutheni nasesibindini, labo abakhetha inyama nesibindi esithosiwe bathola cishe izikhathi ezingu-2-5 umthamo wamahomoni.
Ukuze uqhathanise: iphilisi elilodwa lokulawula ukuzalwa liqukethe cishe ama-microgram angu-30 we-estradiol. Njengoba ubona, imithamo yamahomoni atholakala ngenyama ingaphansi ngokuphindwe kashumi kunaleyo yokwelapha. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ucwaningo lwakamuva luye lwabonisa, ngisho nokuphambuka okuncane ekuhlanganiseni okujwayelekile kwamahomoni kungathinta i-physiology yomzimba. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ungaphazamisi ibhalansi ye-hormonal ebuntwaneni, ngoba ezinganeni ezingakafiki ekuthombeni, ukuhlushwa kwama-hormone ocansi emzimbeni kuphansi kakhulu (kuseduze no-zero) futhi ukunyuka okuncane kwama-hormone sekuvele kuyingozi. Umuntu kufanele futhi aqaphele ithonya lama-hormone ku-fetus ekhulayo, ngoba ngesikhathi sokukhula kwengane, ukukhula kwezicubu namaseli kulawulwa amanani amahomoni alinganiswe ngokunembile.
Manje sekuyaziwa ukuthi ithonya lamahomoni libaluleke kakhulu phakathi nezikhathi ezikhethekile zokuthuthukiswa kwengane - okuthiwa amaphuzu ayisihluthulelo, lapho ngisho nokuguquguquka okungatheni ekugxilweni kwe-hormone kungaholela emiphumeleni engalindelekile. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi wonke amahomoni asetshenziswa ekufuyweni kwezilwane adlula kahle emgodleni we-placenta futhi angene egazini le-fetus. Kodwa-ke, ukukhathazeka okukhulu kakhulu umphumela we-carcinogenic wamahomoni. Kuyaziwa ukuthi amahomoni ocansi akhuthaza ukukhula kwezinhlobo eziningi zamangqamuzana ethumba, njengomdlavuza webele kwabesifazane (estradiol) kanye nomdlavuza wendlala yesinye emadodeni (testosterone).
Kodwa-ke, idatha evela ezifundweni ze-epidemiological eqhathanisa izehlakalo zomdlavuza kubantu abadla imifino nabadla inyama iyangqubuzana impela. Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ubudlelwano obucacile, ezinye azikwenzi.
Idatha ethakazelisayo itholwe ososayensi abavela eBoston. Bathole ukuthi ingozi yokuthuthukisa izimila ezincike ku-hormone kwabesifazane ihlobene ngokuqondile nokusetshenziswa kwenyama ngesikhathi sobuntwana kanye nentsha. Uma kuhlanganisa nenyama eningi ekudleni kwezingane, maningi amathuba okuba zithole izimila lapho sezikhulile. E-United States, lapho ukudla kwenyama “yehomoni” kuphakeme kakhulu emhlabeni, abesifazane abangu-40 babulawa umdlavuza webele minyaka yonke futhi kutholakala abantu abasha abangu-180.
Nemithi Elwa Namagciwane
Uma amahomoni esetshenziswa kuphela ngaphandle kwe-EU (okungenani ngokomthetho), khona-ke ama-antibiotic asetshenziswa yonke indawo. Futhi hhayi nje ukulwa namagciwane. Kuze kube muva nje, ama-antibiotics ayesetshenziswa kabanzi eYurophu ukuze akhuthaze ukukhula kwezilwane. Kodwa-ke, kusukela ngo-1997 baye baxoshwa futhi manje bavinjelwe e-EU. Nokho, ama-antibiotic okwelapha asasetshenziswa. Kufanele zisetshenziswe njalo futhi ngemithamo emikhulu - ngaphandle kwalokho, ngenxa yokugcwala kwezilwane, kunengozi yokusabalala ngokushesha kwezifo eziyingozi.
Imithi elwa namagciwane engena endaweni enomquba nokunye udoti kudala izimo zokuvela kwamagciwane aguquguqukayo amelana nawo ngendlela emangalisayo. Izinhlobo ezimelana namagciwane e-Escherichia coli ne-Salmonella manje sezihlonziwe ezibangela isifo esibi kubantu, ngokuvamile esiba nemiphumela ebulalayo.
Kukhona futhi ingozi eqhubekayo yokuthi isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni esibuthakathaka esibangelwa ukufuywa kwezilwane ezicindezelayo kanye nokusetshenziswa njalo kwemithi elwa namagciwane kuzodala izimo ezivumayo zezifo eziwumshayabhuqe zezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane njengesifo sonyawo nomlomo. Ukuqubuka kwezifo ezimbili ezinkulu ze-foot-and-mouth kwabikwa e-UK ngo-2001 no-2007 ngemva nje kokuba i-EU imemezele indawo engena-FMD futhi abalimi bavunyelwe ukuyeka ukugoma izilwane ngokumelene nayo.
izibulala-zinambuzane
Okokugcina, kuyadingeka ukubalula izibulala-zinambuzane - izinto ezisetshenziselwa ukulawula izinambuzane zezolimo nezilokazane zezilwane. Ngendlela yezimboni yokukhiqiza inyama, zonke izimo zenziwa ukuze ziqoqwe emkhiqizweni wokugcina. Okokuqala, zifafazwa kakhulu ezilwaneni ukuze zibhekane nezinambuzane, ezifana nama-bacteria namagciwane, athanda izilwane ezinohlelo lokuzivikela olubuthakathaka, ezihlala odakeni nasezimeni eziminyene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izilwane ezifuywa emafekthri azidli otshanini obuhlanzekile, kodwa ziphakelwa okusanhlamvu, okuvame ukutshalwa emasimini azungeze ipulazi lemboni. Lokhu okusanhlamvu nakho kutholakala ngokusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, izibulala-zinambuzane zingena emhlabathini ngomquba nendle, zisuka lapho ziphinde ziwele khona ohlakeni lwefolishi.
Phakathi naleso sikhathi, manje sekusungulwe ukuthi izibulala-zinambuzane eziningi zokwenziwa zingama-carcinogens futhi zibangela ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa kombungu, izifo zezinzwa nesikhumba.
I-Poisoned Springs
Akubanga yize ukuthi u-Hercules kuthiwa wahlanza izitebele ze-Augean ukuze enze okuthile. Inani elikhulu lezilwane ezidla uhlaza, eziqoqwe ndawonye, zikhiqiza inqwaba yobulongwe. Uma ekufuyweni kwezilwane zendabuko (okubanzi), umquba usebenza njengomanyolo obalulekile (futhi kwamanye amazwe nawo njengophethiloli), khona-ke ekufuyweni kwezimboni kuyinkinga.
Manje e-US, imfuyo ikhiqiza imfucuza ephindwe izikhathi ezingu-130 kunomphakathi wonke. Njengomthetho, umquba nokunye udoti ovela emapulazini efektri kuqoqwe ezitsheni ezikhethekile, phansi okuhlanganiswe nezinto ezingenamanzi. Kodwa-ke, ivame ukuphuka, futhi ngesikhathi sezikhukhula zasentwasahlobo, umquba ungena emanzini angaphansi komhlaba nemifula, futhi usuka lapho ungene olwandle. Izithako ze-nitrogen ezingena emanzini zinomthelela ekukhuleni okusheshayo kolwelwe, zidla umoya-mpilo ngamandla futhi zibe nengxenye ekudaleni “izindawo ezifile” ezinkulu olwandle, lapho zonke izinhlanzi zifa khona.
Ngokwesibonelo, ehlobo lika-1999, eGulf of Mexico, lapho ugeleza uMfula Mississippi, ongcoliswe imfucuza emakhulwini amapulazi efektri, kwakhiwa "indawo efile" enendawo ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 18 km2. Emifuleni eminingi eseduze namapulazi amakhulu emfuyo kanye nezindawo zokudla e-United States, ukuphazamiseka kokuzala kanye ne-hermaphroditism (ukuba khona kwezimpawu zabo bobabili ubulili) kuvame ukubonwa ezinhlanzini. Amacala nezifo zabantu ezibangelwa amanzi kampompi angcolile ziye zaphawulwa. Ezifundeni lapho izinkomo nezingulube zisebenza kakhulu, abantu bayelulekwa ukuthi bangaphuzi amanzi ompompi ngesikhathi sezikhukhula zasentwasahlobo. Ngeshwa, izinhlanzi nezilwane zasendle azikwazi ukulandela lezi zixwayiso.
Ingabe kuyadingeka "ukubamba futhi udlule" eNtshonalanga?
Njengoba isidingo senyama sikhula, lincane ithemba lokuthi ukufuywa kuzobuyela esikhathini esidala, cishe izikhathi zokufuya. Kodwa izitayela ezinhle zisabonwa. Kokubili e-US naseYurophu, kunenani elikhulayo labantu abanakayo ukuthi yimaphi amakhemikhali ekudleni kwabo nokuthi ayithinta kanjani impilo yabo.
Emazweni amaningi, lokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-ecological vegetarianism kuya ngokuya kuba namandla, okuhlanganisa ukuthi abantu benqaba ukudla imikhiqizo yenyama bephikisana nokufuywa kwezimboni. Zihlangene ngamaqembu kanye nokunyakaza, izishoshovu ze-ecological vegetarianism zenza umsebenzi wokufundisa, zibonisa ukwesabeka kokufuywa kwezimboni kubathengi, zichaza umonakalo obangelwa amafekthri emvelweni.
Isimo sengqondo sodokotela ngokudla imifino sishintshile emashumini eminyaka amuva nje. Izazi zokudla zaseMelika sezivele zitusa ukudla imifino njengohlobo lokudla olunempilo kakhulu. Kulabo abangakwazi ukwenqaba inyama, kodwa futhi abafuni ukudla imikhiqizo yamapulazi efektri, sekunemikhiqizo ehlukile ethengiswayo evela enyameni yezilwane ezitshalwe emapulazini amancane ngaphandle kwamahomoni, ama-antibiotics namaseli aminyene.
Nokho, eRussia konke kuhlukile. Ngenkathi umhlaba uthola ukuthi imifino ayiyona nje impilo enempilo, kodwa futhi iyasebenza kakhulu emvelweni nangokwezomnotho kunokudla inyama, amaRussia azama ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwenyama. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo esikhulayo, inyama ithengwa kwamanye amazwe, ikakhulukazi e-USA, Canada, Argentina, Brazil, Australia - amazwe lapho ukusetshenziswa kwamahomoni kuvunyelwe ngokomthetho, futhi cishe konke ukufuywa kwezilwane kwenziwa ngezimboni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izingcingo "zokufunda eNtshonalanga futhi uqinise ukufuywa kwezilwane zasekhaya" ziya ngokuya ziba phezulu.
Ngempela, kukhona zonke izimo zokushintshela ekufuyweni kwezimboni eziqinile eRussia, okuhlanganisa into ebaluleke kakhulu - ukuzimisela ukudla amanani akhulayo emikhiqizo yezilwane ngaphandle kokucabanga ukuthi bayithola kanjani. Ukukhiqizwa kobisi namaqanda eRussia sekuyisikhathi eside kwenziwa ngokohlobo lwefekthri (igama elithi "ipulazi lezinkukhu" lijwayele wonke umuntu kusukela ebuntwaneni), kusele kuphela ukuqhubeka nokuhlanganisa izilwane nokuqinisa izimo zokuba khona kwazo. Ukukhiqizwa kwezinkukhu zama-broiler kakade sekudonswa kuze kufike "emazingeni asentshonalanga" kokubili ngokuhambisana nemingcele kanye nangokwezinga lokuxhashazwa. Ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi iRussia maduze izobamba futhi idlule iNtshonalanga mayelana nokukhiqizwa kwenyama. Umbuzo uwukuthi - ngaziphi izindleko?