Okuqukethwe
Izicubu zezinzwa yizona ezizwela kakhulu futhi ezamukela izinto ezinobuthi, okuhlanganisa utshwala ne-nicotine. Lezi zinto zisebenza kanjani ohlelweni lwezinzwa?
Wadutshulwa ushevu
Izimpawu zangaphandle zokudakwa: ukukhululeka ngokomzwelo, ukunciphisa ubunzima, ukulahleka kokuhamba kokuhamba - umphumela wokufaka ubuthi ebuchosheni ngotshwala. Idlula kalula ulwelwesi lweseli bese isakazeka ngokushesha emzimbeni wonke ngegazi.
Ubuchopho buhlinzekwa kakhulu ngegazi, utshwala buza lapha ngokushesha futhi bumunce ngokushesha ama-lipids - izinto ezinamafutha kuma-neurons amangqamuzana obuchopho.
Lapha, utshwala buhlala isikhathi eside futhi bunemiphumela enobuthi kuze kubune ngokuphelele.
Buyini ubuthi botshwala?
Utshwala buvame ukubizwa ngokuthi buvuselelayo. Lokhu akulungile. Ngoba utshwala abulutho ngaphandle kobuhlungu, futhi ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluphakathi akanayo into evuselelayo kepha umphumela ocindezelayo. Imane icindezele ukubopha amabhuleki - yingakho isimilo sinamahloni.
Imiphumela yotshwala ebuchosheni incike ekugxileni kwayo egazini. Ekuqaleni kokudakwa kuthinta ukwakheka kwe-cortex yobuchopho. Umsebenzi wezikhungo zobuchopho ezilawula indlela yokuziphatha ucindezelwe: ulahlekelwe ukulawula okunengqondo phezu kwezenzo, isimo sengqondo esibucayi esinciphile.
Lapho nje ukugxila kotshwala egazini ukwanda, kukhona okunye ukucindezelwa kwezinqubo zokuvimbela ku-cortex yobuchopho kuvela izinhlobo eziphansi zokuziphatha.
With okuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu yotshwala egazini ivimbele ukusebenza kwezikhungo zezimoto zobuchopho, ikakhulu ukuhlupheka ngomsebenzi we-cerebellum - umuntu ulahlekelwa ukuma.
Ekugcineni kukhubaze izikhungo zobuchopho oblong obuphethe imisebenzi ebalulekile: ukuphefumula, ukujikeleza kwegazi. Uma kwenzeka ukuphuza ngokweqile utshwala umuntu angafa ngenxa yokwehluleka ukuphefumula noma inhliziyo.
Ingqondo iphelelwa ngamandla
Kwabaphuza imithambo yegazi, ikakhulukazi imithambo emincane nemithambo yegazi, ejiyile futhi entekenteke kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu kune-microchromosome eminingi, futhi ukushuba kwegazi ebuchosheni kuyehla.
Ama-Neuron ancishwe ukunikezwa okuvamile kokudla ne-oxygen, ukulamba, futhi lokhu kubonakala ekubuthakathakeni okujwayelekile, ukungakwazi ukugxila ngisho nekhanda.
Futhi ukuntuleka kwezakhamzimba emzimbeni ngokujwayelekile nobuchopho ikakhulukazi ngokusetshenziswa kotshwala njalo akujwayelekile. Le ndoda ithola ama-calories amaningi ngotshwala, kodwa ayiqukethe amavithamini noma amaminerali.
Isibonelo, ukuze unikeze isilinganiso esidingekayo sansuku zonke samavithamini b, udinga amalitha angama-40 kabhiya, noma amalitha ayi-200 ewayini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, utshwala buphazamisa ukumuncwa kwezakhi emathunjini.
I-nicotine nayo iyi-neurotoxin
Intuthu kagwayi iqukethe izinto eziningi ezahlukahlukene ezisebenza ngokuphila. Kodwa-ke, into esemqoka yentuthu emzimbeni yi-nicotine - eqinile i-neurotropic, okuba nomthelela omkhulu ohlelweni lwezinzwa njengoshevu. Kuyilutha.
I-nicotine ivela kwizicubu zobuchopho ngemuva kuphela 7 imizuzwana ngemuva kokudonsa kokuqala. Inomphumela othile ovuselelayo - njengoba ithuthukisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwamaseli obuchopho, ikwenza kube lula ukuqhutshwa kwemizwa yezinzwa.
Izinqubo zobuchopho ngenxa ye-nicotine isikhathi esithile ziyajabula, kepha bese zivinjelwa isikhathi eside, ngoba ubuchopho budinga ukuphumula.
Ubuchopho obonakele
Ngemuva kwesikhashana ubuchopho bujwayela “ama-handouts” ajwayelekile e-nicotine, okwenza kube lula umsebenzi wakhe. Futhi lapha uqala ukubuza, hhayi ikakhulukazi efuna ukusebenza ngokweqile. Kufika kokwayo umthetho wobuvila begazi.
Njengesidakwa, okungukugcina impilo ejwayelekile kufanele "wondle" ubuchopho ngotshwala, obhemayo uphoqeleka ukuthi "athambise" i-nicotine yakhe. Futhi ngandlela thile kukhona ukukhathazeka, ukucasuka kanye novalo. Futhi-ke kuqala ukuncika kwe-nicotine.
Kodwa kancane kancane ababhemayo baye baba nayo inkumbulo ebuthakathaka , nokwenza isimo sesimiso sezinzwa sibe sibi kakhulu. Futhi ukwethuka okunikezwa yi-nicotine akukwazi ukubuyisela ubuchopho ezakhiweni zayo zangaphambili.
Udinga ukukhumbula
Utshwala ne-nicotine kungubuthi be-neurotoxic. Ababulali abantu ngokuqondile, kodwa umlutha obulalayo. Utshwala obucindezela uhlelo lwe-braking lobuchopho futhi buliphuca umsoco ne-oxygen. I-Nicotine isheshisa izinqubo zemizwa, kepha ngemuva kwesikhashana ubuchopho abusakwazi ukusebenza ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izidakamizwa.
Okuningi ngemiphumela yotshwala ekubukweni kobuchopho kuvidiyo engezansi:
