Ungeza kanjani iphesenti kunani ku-Excel (ifomula)

Izwe lanamuhla lihlotshaniswa nesidingo esiphuthumayo sokuzenzakalela ukucutshungulwa kwedatha. Phela, inqwaba yolwazi ikhula ngokuphawulekayo, futhi ingqondo yomuntu ayisakwazi ukuyicubungula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, leli khono livula amathuba amasha ebhizinisini, emsebenzini ngisho nempilo yomuntu siqu. I-Excel iyithuluzi elisebenza ngezindlela eziningi elikuvumela ukuthi wenze cishe yonke into engenziwa ngolwazi olungacatshangwa ngokwethiyori. Lolu hlelo lungolunye oluyinhloko uma umuntu efuna ukufunda ukwenza imali.

Enye yezinjongo ezibaluleke kakhulu zohlelo lwe-Excel ukuqaliswa kokusebenza kwezibalo. Enye yazo yengeza iphesenti enombolweni. Ake sithi sibhekene nomsebenzi wokwengeza iphesenti elithile kunani elithile ukuze siqonde ukuthi ukuthengiswa kukhule kangakanani njengephesenti. Noma usebenza njengomthengisi ebhange noma enkampanini yokutshalwa kwezimali, futhi udinga ukuqonda ukuthi izilinganiso zesitoko noma zemali zishintshe kanjani ngemva kokuba impahla ikhule ngamaphesenti athile. Namuhla uzofunda ukuthi yini okudingeka uyenze ukuze wengeze iphesenti kunani lezinombolo kusipredishithi. 

Ungayengeza kanjani iphesenti enombolweni ku-Excel ngesandla?

Ngaphambi kokwengeza iphesenti enombolweni ku-Excel, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi lo msebenzi wenziwa kanjani ngezibalo. Sonke siyazi ukuthi iphesenti liyikhulu lenombolo. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi mangaki amaphesenti inombolo eyodwa isuka kwenye, udinga ukuhlukanisa encane ngenkulu futhi wande umphumela owumphumela ngekhulu.

Njengoba iphesenti liyikhulu lenombolo, singakwazi ukuguqula inombolo ibe yifomethi yephesenti ngokumane sihlukanise iphesenti ngo-100. Isibonelo, uma sidinga ukuguqula u-67% sibe inombolo, ngemva kokuhlukanisa, sithola u-0,67. Ngakho-ke, le nombolo ingasetshenziswa ekubaleni. 

Isibonelo, uma sidinga ukwazi iphesenti elithile lenombolo. Kulokhu, kwanele ngathi ukuthi siphindaphinde inombolo A ngenani ledijithali lephesenti. Uma sidinga ukuqonda ukuthi ingakanani i-67% ye-100 izoba yimalini, ifomula imi kanje:

100*0,67=67. Okusho ukuthi, amaphesenti angama-67 enani elingu-100 angama-67.

Uma sidinga ukwengeza iphesenti enombolweni, lo msebenzi wenziwa ngezinyathelo ezimbili:

1. Okokuqala, sithola inombolo ezoba yiphesenti elithile lenombolo.
2. Ngemva kwalokho, sengeza inombolo ewumphumela kweyokuqala.

Ngenxa yalokho, sithola ifomula evamile elandelayo:

X=Y+Y*%.

Ake sichaze ngayinye yalezi zingxenye:

U-X uwumphumela oqediwe, otholwe ngemva kokwengeza iphesenti lenombolo enombolweni.

U-Y inombolo yoqobo.

% inani lephesenti elizokwengezwa.

Ukuze ufinyelele lo mphumela, udinga ukuguqula ifomula yezibalo ibe ifomula ye-Excel, okungukuthi, ilethe ngefomethi efanele. Noma yimaphi amafomula e-Excel aqala ngophawu =, bese kufakwa izinombolo, izintambo, izinkulumo ezinengqondo, nokunye. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuthola amafomula ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezinombolweni ezitholiwe ngenxa yokwanda ngamaphesenti athile.

Ake sithi sidinga ukuthola inombolo ngemva kokwengezwa kwephesenti kuyo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukufaka ifomula enjalo kuseli noma ibha yefomula. Sihlinzeka ngesifanekiso, udinga ukufaka esikhundleni senani elifanele icala elithile. 

= inani lezinombolo + inani lezinombolo * inani lephesenti %

Njengoba ubona, ukusebenzisa le fomula akunzima nhlobo. Kufanele uqale ubhale uphawu olulinganayo, bese ufaka idatha. Ifomula ngokuyisisekelo iyafana naleyo ebhalwe ezincwadini zesikole. Ake sithathe isibonelo esilula ukuze sisibonise. Ake sithi sinenombolo 250. Sidinga ukwengeza u-10% kuyo. Kulokhu, ifomula yokubala izoba kanje:

=250+250*10%.

Ngemva kokucindezela inkinobho ethi Faka noma uchofoze kunoma iyiphi enye iseli, sizoba nenani elingu-275 elibhalwe kuseli elifanele.

Ungazijwayeza lapho uziphumulele nganoma iziphi ezinye izinombolo. Ngokuvamile, ukuqeqeshwa kunconywa ukuhlanganisa ulwazi kunoma yisiphi isihloko. Ikuvumela ukuthi uqonde ngempumelelo ngisho nezici eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu zokusebenzisa amaspredishithi.

Ukwengeza iphesenti enombolweni kusetshenziswa ifomula

Yiqiniso, ungakwazi futhi ukwenza izibalo ngesandla. Kodwa kulula kakhulu ukusebenzisa ifomula, njengoba kulokhu ungenza imisebenzi yezibalo ngamanani asevele equkethwe etafuleni.

Okokuqala udinga ukuqonda ukuthi iyiphi iseli ifomula ezocubungula ulwazi futhi ibonise umphumela wokugcina.

Ngemuva kwalokho, siqala ukufaka ifomula, ekhombisa uphawu =. Ngemva kwalokho, sichofoza iseli eliqukethe inani langempela. Okulandelayo, sibhala uphawu +, ngemva kwalokho sichofoza futhi kuseli efanayo, engeza uphawu lokuphindaphinda (inkanyezi *), bese ufaka ngesandla uphawu lwephesenti. 

Ngamagama alula, ukusebenzisa ifomula kulula njengokuyisebenzisa ngokwenza. Ngemva kokushintsha kolwazi kumaseli, idatha izobalwa kabusha ngokuzenzakalelayo.

Kusala kuphela ukucindezela u-Enter, futhi umphumela uzovezwa kuseli.

Uyini umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwamafomula kuma-spreadsheet kanye namafomula ezibalo kuphela? Okokuqala, ukuthi basebenzisa okuqukethwe kwamanye amangqamuzana, futhi umphumela ungatholwa hhayi kuphela ekusebenzeni kwezibalo, kodwa futhi nakulawo anengqondo. Futhi, amafomula e-Excel angenza imisebenzi embhalweni, idethi, futhi enze ngokuzenzakalelayo cishe noma iyiphi inqubo ebuyisela umphumela othile. Okusho ukuthi, zibonakala ngokujwayelekile. Into esemqoka ukuthi ungakhohlwa ukubhala uhlobo lwedatha olulungile.

Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma imaphi amafomula anamaphesenti, udinga ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi amaseli asebenzisa uhlobo lwedatha olulungile. Okusho ukuthi, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa, kuye ngohlobo lwedatha, kungaba ifomethi yezinombolo noma iphesenti.

Ungeza kanjani iphesenti kumanani kukholamu yonke

Kunezimo lapho sinetafula eligcwele kakhulu idatha, futhi lapho, ngaphezu kwamanani okuqala, amaphesenti aphinde akhonjiswe kwenye ikholomu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amaphesenti ngokwawo angase ahluke kuye ngomugqa. Kulokhu, udinga ukwenza okulandelayo:

1. Eqinisweni, akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi. Ukulandelana kwezenzo kuyafana, kodwa esikhundleni sephesenti elithile, udinga ukunikeza isixhumanisi seseli.
   

2. Ngemuva kokuthi sicindezele ukhiye we-Enter, sithola umphumela olandelayo.
   

3. Uma sesifake ifomula kuseli eyodwa, singayisabalalisa kuyo yonke imigqa esele sisebenzisa isibambo sokuqedela ngokuzenzakalela. Lesi isikwele esinjalo ekhoneni elingezansi kwesokudla seseli. Uma uyihudulela kwesokunxele noma phansi, ifomula idluliselwa ngokuzenzakalela kuwo wonke amanye amaseli. Lokhu ngokuzenzekelayo kungena esikhundleni sazo zonke izixhumanisi ezilungile. Kulula, akunjalo?

Uhlelo lulula uma ufunda ukusebenzisa umaka wokuqedela ngokuzenzakalela. Siyabona ukuthi kungenzeka ukugcina wonke amanani adingekayo kumaseli. Lo mthetho usebenza nakwamanye amafomula asebenzisa imisebenzi ehluke ngokuphelele. Umaka wokuqedela ngokuzenzakalela ungasetshenziswa ukugoqa ngokuphelele noma iyiphi ifomula.

Izibonelo zokwengeza iphesenti enombolweni ku-Excel

Izibonelo zangempela zenza kube lula kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi ukungeza iphesenti enombolweni kusebenza kanjani ekusebenzeni. Akudingeki uye kude kubo. Ake sithi uyi-accountant, futhi unikezwe umsebenzi wokubala iphesenti lokunyuswa kwamaholo. Noma udinga ukubheka inzuzo yekota yokugcina, uyiqhathanise neyamanje, bese, ngokusekelwe kule datha, ubale ukwanda noma ukwehla kwenzuzo njengephesenti.

Ake sinikeze izibonelo ezimbalwa zokuthi ukwengeza iphesenti enombolweni ku-Excel kusebenza kanjani ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi kancane kancane. Ngeshwa, le nqubo ayikwazi ukuzenzakalela ngokugcwele ngaphandle uma kusetshenziswa amanye amafomula. Kodwa ungenza iseli liqukathe iphesenti noma ulithole kwamanye amaseli ngokubala.

Isibonelo sokubala seseli

Ake sinikeze isibonelo sezibalo ezenziwa ngokuqondile kuseli. Okusho ukuthi, indlela yezandla. Kuyoba usizo uma ulwazi olufunayo lungaqukethwe kuseli. Hhayi-ke, noma uma le datha yethulwa ngendlela ehlukile, isibonelo, ngefomethi yombhalo. Kulokhu, udinga ukusebenzisa uhlelo olulandelayo:

1. Vula ispredishithi ofuna ukwenza izibalo kuso. Ifomethi enconyiwe ithi xlsx, njengoba ihambisana kakhulu nezinguqulo zakamuva ze-Excel futhi isekela zonke izici ezisezinguqulo zakamuva zalolu hlelo. Kungenzeka futhi ukwakha ispredishithi kusukela ekuqaleni. 
2. Chofoza kabili kwesokunxele kuseli. Kungaba yinoma yini, imfuneko eyinhloko ukuthi ayiqukethe noma yiluphi ulwazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi ezinye izinhlamvu azibonakali. Isibonelo, kungase kube nezikhala, imigqa emisha, nenani lezinhlamvu ezingaphrintiwe. Ngakho-ke, uma usebenzisa iseli elinjalo emsebenzini, amaphutha angenzeka. Ukuze uyisule, kufanele ucindezele ukhiye we-Del noma i-Backspace.
3. Namathisela ifomula ehambisana nesifanekiso ngenhla kuseli. Okusho ukuthi, okokuqala udinga ukubeka uphawu olulinganayo, bese ubhala inombolo, bese ubeka +, bese uphinda inombolo efanayo, bese ubeka uphawu lokuphindaphinda (*), bese uqondanisa iphesenti uqobo. Ungakhohlwa ukubeka uphawu lwephesenti ekugcineni, ngaphandle kwalokho uhlelo ngeke luqonde ukuthi udinga ukwengeza iphesenti bese wengeza inombolo ebhalwe lapho. Ngokwemvelo, lokhu kuzothinta kabi umphumela wokugcina. 
4. Ake sithi sinenombolo 286 futhi sidinga ukwengeza u-15% kuyo futhi sithole umphumela. Kulokhu, esitokisini esingenalutho, kufanele ufake ifomula = 286 + 286 * 15%.
   

5. Ngemva kokufaka ifomula, cindezela inkinobho ethi Enter. Kuseli efanayo lapho ifomula ifakwe khona, umphumela wokugcina uzovezwa, ongasetshenziselwa ezinye izibalo.

Isibonelo sokusebenza namaseli

Uma usuvele unalo ithebula elibala idatha, izinto zizohamba kalula kakhulu. Ifomula ihlala injalo, esikhundleni nje sezinombolo, unganikeza izixhumanisi kumaseli afanelekile. Ake sinikeze isibonelo esilula sokuthi lokhu kungenziwa kanjani ngokusebenza. 

1. Ake sithi sinethebula elichaza imali engenayo yokuthengisa yemikhiqizo ethile yesikhathi esithile. Umsebenzi wethu ukuthola inani elifanayo lemali engenayo, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo nokukhuphuka ngamaphesenti athile. Ngendlela efanayo naleyo esesibonelweni sangaphambilini, ukubhala ifomula kuqala ngokukhetha iseli lapho kuzobhalwa khona, ngokuchofoza kabili igundane nokubhala ifomula mathupha. Kulesi simo, awukwazi ukuchofoza kuphela kumaseli, kodwa futhi ubhale phansi ikheli elifanele ngesandla. Lokhu kuzokonga isikhathi esiningi uma umuntu enethezekile ngekhibhodi. 
2. Esibonelweni sethu, ifomula ingaba: =C2+C2*20%. Le fomula yenza kube nokwenzeka ukwengeza u-20% kunani. 
3. Ekugcineni, ukuze wenze ukubala, kufanele ucindezele inkinobho ethi Enter. 

Okubalulekile! Uma iphesenti litholakala kuseli, ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokufaka ifomula, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi likufomethi yephesenti. Uma kungenjalo, kuzoba khona nokuhlanekezela.

Ngakho-ke, udinga ukwazi ukuthi ungafometha kanjani iseli njengephesenti. Ukuze wenze lokhu, landela lezi zinyathelo:

1. Khetha ikholomu yonke equkethe ulwazi lweseli. Ukuze wenze lokhu, chofoza isihloko sayo, bese uchofoza endaweni ekhethiwe ngenkinobho yegundane engakwesokudla. Okulandelayo, kuzovela uhlu lwemisebenzi, kodwa sinentshisekelo kulolo olusayinwe njengokuthi “Ifomethi Yeseli”.
2. Kuzovela iwindi elinezilungiselelo zefomethi. Kunenombolo enkulu yamathebhu, kodwa sidinga ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi ithebhu "Inombolo" ivuliwe. Njengomthetho, izobe isivele ivuliwe ngokuzenzakalelayo ngesikhathi uvula ibhokisi lengxoxo. Ngakwesokunxele kwesikrini kuzoba nephaneli "Amafomethi Ezinombolo", lapho sinentshisekelo kufomethi ethi "Amaphesenti".
3. Umsebenzisi futhi unekhono lokusetha inombolo yezinhlamvu ezizoboniswa ngemva kwephoyinti ledesimali. Okusho ukuthi, ungakwazi ukuzungeza ingxenye eyingxenyana ibe yidijithi ethile.

Siyabona ukuthi abukho ubunzima. Udinga nje ukuqonda imininingwane ecacile yokuthi idatha yenziwa kanjani ku-Excel, imaphi amafomethi atholakalayo nokuthi yiziphi izici okungenzeka inazo. Uma wenza lokhu, ungase ungadingi ukwazi yonke into. Ngemuva kwakho konke, kwanele ukuqonda i-logic yezinqubo ze-Excel, futhi umphumela ngeke ukugcine ulindile.