Okuqukethwe
Utshwala busebenza ohlelweni lwezinzwa njengento ecindezelayo. Ngamanani amancane, icindezela ukusebenza kobuchopho, okubangela umuzwa omnandi wokuphumula kanye nenjabulo. Ngokunyuka kotshwala, izindawo ezithile zobuchopho ziyathinteka, umsebenzi wama-receptors kanye nezinhlelo zokuxhumanisa uyaphazamiseka. Umphumela uba isiyezi, ukudideka esikhaleni, ukungasebenzi kahle kokuxhumana. Okulandelayo, sizothola ukuthi kungani utshwala buthinta ubuchopho kakhulu nokuthi yonke into ibuyela kanjani esimeni esijwayelekile ngokushesha.
Utshwala nokuxhumana kokunyakaza
Ukuhamba ngendlela emangalisayo kungenye yezimpawu ezaziwa kakhulu zokudakwa kotshwala. Ukuhlola kufakazele ngokuphindaphindiwe ukuthi ngisho nenani elincane lotshwala lenza kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi lapho kudingeka khona ukunemba nesivinini. Yingakho emazweni amaningi, kuhlanganise neRussia, inani elivumelekile le-ethanol egazini liyancipha libe ngamanani amancane.
Ososayensi bahlobanisa ukungasebenzi kahle kwezimoto nomthelela wotshwala ku-cerebellum, lapho isikhungo esinomthwalo wemfanelo wokulinganisela, ithoni yemisipha kanye nokuxhumana kokunyakaza kutholakala.
I-cerebellum yenza ingxenye yeshumi yobuchopho kuphela, kodwa iqukethe ngaphezu kwengxenye yawo wonke ama-neuron ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluphakathi - cishe amabhiliyoni amahlanu. Lo mnyango uhlanganisa lezi okuthiwa yiworm nama-hemispheres amabili, umonakalo oholela ekuphazamisekeni kwezitho zomzimba. Umphumela wokungasebenzi kahle kwesibungu yizinkinga zokuma, ibhalansi, isigqi sokukhuluma.
Ukuqaphela akukwazi ukulawula i-cerebellum, amangqamuzana ayo ezinzwa axhumana ngqo nomgogodla kanye nobuchopho. Ukudakwa kotshwala kuholela ekuphazamisekeni kokuxhumana kwe-neural, okuwumphumela wokudideka kanye nezinkinga zokuxhumanisa ukunyakaza. Umphumela ubonakala kokubili emiluthweni yotshwala isikhathi eside, nakulabo abangazange babale umthamo futhi baphuze kakhulu.
Ngokuphuza ngokweqile utshwala, izakhiwo eziphansi ze-cerebellum, ezixhumanisa ukunyakaza kwamehlo, ziyahlupheka. Lokhu kugqama ikakhulukazi lapho ikhanda lomuntu linyakaza. Umbono obonakalayo wezinto uba nokungazinzi, umhlaba ozungezayo uyanyakaza futhi untante, okuvame ukubangela ukuwa nokulimala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkinga zombono zihlobene ngokuqondile nokukhubazeka kwamakhono emoto ezithweni, ngoba umuntu akakwazi ukubona ngokwanele indawo ezungezile.
Ucwaningo lwe-pathological anatomical lubonise ukuthi izidakwa ezingapheli zivame ukuba nezinguquko eziwohlokayo ku-cerebellum. Ngokuvamile, isikelemu siyagula, lapho i-ethanol imane ibulale amangqamuzana ezinzwa amakhulu akha lesi sigaba. Lesi simo sijwayelekile kubantu asebekhulile abadakwayo okungenani abaneminyaka eyishumi yokuhlangenwe nakho komlutha wotshwala - bahlakulela ukuphazamiseka kwezimoto okungapheli, ukuncipha kokuzwela kwemilenze, ukungakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi. Isimo singase sibe ngcono phakathi nesikhathi sokuzithiba, nokho, esigabeni esithuthukile sesifo, kunzima kakhulu ukuguqula izinguquko zesakhiwo.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi ubuchopho bululame ngokugcwele?
Ngo-2016, ososayensi baseBritish University of Bath banquma ukuthola ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi amangqamuzana obuchopho alulame ngokugcwele otshwaleni. Abacwaningi bafinyelela eziphethweni ezidumazayo - umphumela omubi wotshwala ungaqhubeka ngisho nalapho i-ethanol egazini ingasatholakali.
Phakathi kokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuphawulwe:
- ukugxilisa ingqondo kabi;
- ubunzima bokugcina ukunakwa;
- ukukhubazeka kwememori;
- ukwanda kwesikhathi sokuphendula.
Isikhathi sombuso sihlobene ngqo nenani lotshwala oluthathiwe. Ngisho nangemithamo ephansi, ingqondo ithatha izinsuku ukubuyisela ukusebenza kwayo.
Endabeni yokusetshenziswa kabi kotshwala okungapheli, kungenzeka ukufeza ukuthuthukiswa okubonakalayo ngemva okungenani kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, ngaphansi kokuzithiba okuphelele, ukuqeqeshwa kwengqondo nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa zokulwa ne-antipsychotic.