Okuqukethwe
Ukuphazamiseka kokukhathazeka, ukwesaba okungapheli kanye nokweqisa… Ukusaba kohlobo oluthile kuthinta izimpilo zabaningi bethu. Futhi uma yonke into icacile futhi ilula ngokwesaba izindawo eziphakeme, izikhala ezivaliwe, izicabucabu nezinyoka (abaningi bayakwazi ukujwayela noma bazame ukugwema izimbangela), khona-ke kunzima kakhulu nge-phobias yokudla. Zingaba yingozi kakhulu empilweni yethu, futhi ukugwema izinto ezivusa amadlingozi kungaba yinkinga.
Wesaba… ukudla? Kuzwakala kuxakile, kodwa nokho ukwesaba okukhulu okunjalo kuyenzeka futhi kubizwa ngokuthi i-cybophobia. Ngokuvamile kudidaniswa ne-anorexia, kodwa umehluko omkhulu ukuthi i-anorexics yesaba ukuthi ukudla kuzothinta kanjani isibalo sabo nomzimba wabo, kuyilapho abantu abane-cybophobia besaba ukudla ngokwako. Nokho, kukhona labo abaphethwe yizo zombili lezi zifo ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Ake sihlaziye izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-cybophobia. Lokhu, ngendlela, akulula kangako: ezweni lanamuhla, lapho kugcizelelwa khona indlela yokuphila enempilo, iningi lenqaba imikhiqizo eminingi. Lapho:
- Abantu abane-cybophobia ezimweni eziningi bagwema ukudla okuthile osekuphenduke izinto zokwesaba kubo - isibonelo, okonakalayo, okufana nemayonnaise noma ubisi.
- Iningi leziguli ezine-cybophobic likhathazeke kakhulu ngokuphelelwa yisikhathi komkhiqizo. Bahogela ngokucophelela ukudla osekuzophelelwa yisikhathi futhi bavame ukwenqaba ukukudla.
- Kubantu abanjalo kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona, ukwazi, ukuqonda ukuthi isidlo silungiswa kanjani. Ngokwesibonelo, umuntu onjalo angase enqabe isaladi yokudla kwasolwandle uma indawo yokudlela ingekho ogwini.
Ngaphezu kwe-cybophobia, kunezinye i-phobias yokudla.
Ukwesaba i-asidi olimini (Acerophobia)
Le phobia ayibandakanyi ekudleni kwabantu noma yiziphi izithelo ezisawolintshi, amaswidi amuncu kanye nanoma yikuphi okunye ukudla okubangela ukushoshozela olimini noma ukuzwa okungajwayelekile, okungajabulisi emlonyeni.
Ukwesaba, ukunyanya amakhowe (Mycophobia)
Isizathu esikhulu salokhu kwesaba ukungcola. Amakhowe amila ehlathini, emhlabathini, “odaka.” Kwabaningi bethu, lokhu akuyona inkinga: vele ugeze amakhowe futhi ungaqala ukupheka. Kulabo abathambekele ku-Mycophobia, ithemba elinjalo lingabangela imizwa yokwesaba futhi ngisho ne-tachycardia.
Ukwesaba inyama (Carnophobia)
Le phobia idala isicanucanu, izinhlungu esifubeni, isiyezi esinzima esivela ohlotsheni olulodwa lwenyama yenyama noma izoso.
Ukwesaba imifino (Lacanophobia)
Labo abaphethwe yile phobia abagcini nje ngokudla imifino, abakwazi ngisho nokuyicosha. Ngisho nokubona imifino epuletini kungamethusa umuntu onjalo. On the green, Nokho, ukwesaba akusebenzi.
Ukwesaba ukugwinya (Phagophobia)
I-phobia eyingozi kakhulu okufanele kubhekwane nayo. Abantu abaphethwe yi-Phagophobia badidekile ne-anorexics. Ukwesaba okungenangqondo kokugwinya ngokuvamile kubangela i-gag reflex enamandla ngokwedlulele ezigulini.
IZINDLELA ZOKWELAPHA ZOKUDLA PHOBIAS
Kungani abantu behlakulela ama-phobias athile? Kunezizathu ezimbalwa impela: kokubili ukuthambekela kofuzo ekukhathazekeni, nezinkumbulo ezimbi noma izehlakalo ezihlobene nokudla, kanye nolwazi oluthile. Isibonelo, ubuthi bokudla noma ukungezwani komzimba kungashiya izinkumbulo ezimbi ezikhula kancane kancane zibe yi-phobia. Enye imbangela engenzeka ye-phobias yokudla ukwesaba umphakathi kanye nokungakhululeki okuhambisana nakho.
Ukwesaba komphakathi kuyisimo sokwesaba, ukwesaba ukwahlulela. Ngokwesibonelo, uma wonke umuntu oseduze nomuntu enamathela endleleni yokuphila enempilo, futhi ngokuzumayo enesifiso esingenakubekezelelwa sokudla ukudla okusheshayo, angase asenqabe lesi sifiso, esaba ukuthi uzokwahlulelwa.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyini imbangela, ama-phobias ukwesaba okungenangqondo, futhi ukugwema isikhuthazo (njengokugwema ukudla okuthile) kwenza isimo sibe sibi nakakhulu.
I-Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CPT)
Umgomo uwukusiza lowo muntu abone ukuthi ukwesaba kwakhe akunangqondo. Ukwelashwa okunjalo kuvumela isiguli ukuba sibeke inselele imicabango engasebenzi noma izinkolelo kuyilapho sikhumbula imizwa yaso. I-CBT ingenziwa ngabanye noma ngamaqembu. Isiguli sibhekene nesithombe noma isimo esidala ukuhlaselwa kwe-panic, ukuze ukwesaba kungaveli. Udokotela usebenza ngesivinini seklayenti, izimo ezincane ezesabekayo zithathwa kuqala, bese kuba nokwesaba okukhulu kakhulu. Ukwelashwa ezimeni eziningi (kufika ku-90%) kuyaphumelela uma umuntu ezimisele ukubekezelela ukungakhululeki okuthile.
I-virtual reality therapy
Enye indlela esiza abantu abane-phobias ukuthi babhekane nento abayesabayo. I-Virtual reality isetshenziselwa ukudala izigcawu ebezingenzeki noma ezihambisana nezimiso zokuziphatha emhlabeni wangempela, futhi ingokoqobo kakhulu kunokucabanga izigcawu ezithile. Iziguli zingakwazi ukulawula izigcawu futhi zibekezelele ukuchayeka okwengeziwe (ukubona ngeso lengqondo) kunangokoqobo.
Hypnotherapy
Ingasetshenziswa yodwa futhi ihlanganiswe nezinye izindlela zokwelapha futhi isiza ukukhomba imbangela ye-phobia. I-phobia ingabangelwa isenzakalo umuntu asikhohlwa, esimphoqa ukuba aphume ingqondo.
Kubalulekile ukuthi umuntu ojwayele lokhu noma ukuthi i-phobia aqaphele ukuthi ukuhlaselwa kwesibindi nokwesaba okuqhubekayo kungabhekwana nakho. Yiqiniso, kukhona ama-phobias adinga ukwelashwa okuphelele futhi okuphelele, kodwa ekugcineni ungawaqeda. Into esemqoka ukuxhumana nochwepheshe ngesikhathi.
Mayelana Nonjiniyela
U-Anna Ivashkevich – Nutritionist, Clinical Nutritional Psychologist, Ilungu leNational Association for Clinical Nutrition.