Okuqukethwe
Ihlobo liya ngasekupheleni kancane kancane. Ubusuku buya ngokuya bubanda, amafu aqoqana ngesivinini. Amapheya nama-apula avuthiwe, i-sea buckthorn igcwele umbala okhanyayo we-orange. Sivuna futhi silungiselela ukwindla. Kanti uAugust wayenjani kokhokho bethu?
Gustoed vs sextile
Ngaphambi kokubhapathizwa kweRussia, u-August wayebizwa ngendlela ehlukile, kodwa leli gama laliqukethe isixhumanisi sekhalenda. Endaweni ethile kukhona “ukukhanya” (ukusa kubanda), endaweni ethile “kunenyoka” (ukuvuna kuyaphela), endaweni ethile kukhona “isitoreji senyanga” noma “umdli omkhulu” (itafula langaleso sikhathi laliyisidlo esikhulu. cebile).
Igama lesimanje alihlangene nemvelo: liwukuhlonipha ubuze bomuntu. Le nyanga yaqanjwa kanjalo ngokuhlonishwa kombusi waseRoma u-Octavian Augustus: ukunqotshwa kweGibhithe kwawela kulenkathi eyimpumelelo ngokukhethekile kuye. Umbusi wakhetha inyanga eyayibizwa ngokuthi «sextile». Ngithathe isibonelo kuJulius Caesar, owathi ngaphambi nje kwalokho waqamba kabusha ngokuthi “quintillium” waba nguJulayi.
Kodwa emuva kumadoda ethu Russian. "Umlimi unezinkathazo ezintathu ngo-August: sika, lima, futhi uhlwanyele," babevame ukusho eRussia. Kuthiwani ngabesifazane? Bese kuba nesisho esithi: "Umsebenzi kubani, futhi abesifazane bethu baneholide ngo-Agasti." Cha, amacala abo awazange abe mancane, kodwa injabulo ekuphileni yanda ngempela—yeka ukuthi inyanga eyanelisayo nethelayo kangakanani!
Qaphela amanzi nezilwane ezifuywayo
Kuze kube ngu-1917, uSuku luka-Ilyin lwalugujwa ngo-July 20. Kodwa ngemva kokuguqulwa kwekhalenda, leli holide selishintshile, futhi manje seliba ngo-August 2. Njengasendabeni ka-Ivan Kupala, usuku luka-Ilyin esikweni laseRussia nalo lwathatha kokubili izinkolelo zobuqaba futhi Amasiko amaKrestu.
Kukhona inguqulo ukuthi usuku lukaPerunov, oluwela ngalesi sikhathi, ngokutholwa kobuKristu, lwaqala ukubizwa ngokuthi u-Ilyin. Futhi umfanekiso womprofethi weTestamente Elidala u-Eliya, owaphila cishe eminyakeni engamakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye ngaphambi kokuzalwa kukaJesu Kristu, wazuza izici zobunkulunkulu bobuqaba obusabekayo. U-Eliya waba eRussia umbusi wokuduma, umbani nemvula, inkosi yokuvuna nenzalo.
AmaSlav ayekholelwa ukuthi ngisho nemimoya emibi yayimesaba u-Eliya: ngosuku «losanta owesabekayo» waphenduka izilwane ezihlukahlukene - amakati, izinja, izimpisi, onogwaja. Izilwane ezifuywayo azizange zithandeke ngoSuku Luka-Ilyin - zazingavunyelwe ukungena endlini. Wonke umsebenzi ngalolu suku wema, ukuze angathukutheli u-Eliya umprofethi futhi angalethi isichotho, ukuduma nombani emnothweni wakhe.
Amadoda avela emadolobheni angomakhelwane ahlela "ubuzalwane" ngosuku luka-Ilyin (lo mkhosi waziwa nangokuthi "umthandazo", "umhlatshelo"): bahlangana etafuleni elivamile, badla, baphuza, bahamba futhi benza umkhuba ngesilwane somhlatshelo. Kungaba yinkunzi, ithole noma iwundlu. Ngaphambi kuka-Eliya, bamthenga esikhwameni, bamkhuluphalisa, futhi ngemva kokukhonza umkhuleko, bamsika. Base bedla ndawonye bonke, badla nezihambi nezinxibi.
Okhokho bethu babazi ukuthi kwakungalesi sikhathi lapho izimpawu zokuqala zasekwindla zavela khona, ilanga lalingasenakufudumala, futhi amanzi abanda.
Kusukela osukwini luka-Ilyin, kwakungenzeka ukukha amajikijolo asendle futhi udle izithelo zesitshalo esisha, kanye nokudlala izinsimbi zomculo zomdabu. Kukholakala ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa okusebenzayo kwezithelo, umdlalo "ungakwazi ukukhipha imifino", okungukuthi, ukuphazamisa ukukhula okufanele kwezitshalo, ngakho-ke babeka umthetho wokuvinjelwa komdlalo.
Ngaphambi kokuthi u-Ilya ageze indoda, bese kuthi u-Ilya avalelise emfuleni! - kusho abantu. Kungani ungakwazi ukubhukuda ngemva kosuku luka-Ilyin? Omunye uthi u-Ilya "wachama" emanzini, othile uthi waphonsa iqhwa noma itshe elibandayo kuwo. Futhi ezifundeni ezisenyakatho yeRussia bakholelwa ukuthi kwakungeyena u-Ilya owangena emanzini, kodwa inyamazane noma ibhere.
Noma kunjalo, usuku luka-Ilyin luwumngcele wekhalenda wezinkathi zonyaka. Futhi kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, okhokho bethu, ababekwazi ukubona izinguquko ezincane kunazo zonke emvelweni, bazi ukuthi kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi lapho izimpawu zokuqala zasekwindla zivela khona, ukuziphatha kwezilwane nezinyoni kwashintsha, ilanga lalingasenakufudumala, futhi abanda amanzi. Ikwindla isemakhaleni - «beka», muningi umsebenzi okufanele wenziwe ngokuvuna. Futhi namalungu omndeni agulayo, abandayo agezayo, ngeke ube nenkathazo eyanele. Ngakho baqala ukusho ukuthi u-Ilya "wachamela" emanzini ukuze aqede isifiso sokucwila lapho.
Asigiqe inkundla
Maphakathi no-August, abantu Slavic ngokwesiko kugujwa «dozhinki» - ukuqedwa isivuno. Futhi, leli holide lalibizwa ngokuthi "obzhinki" noma "ukucabangela / ukucabangela". Ngalolu suku, abesilisa nabesifazane basebenza ensimini ngokuthula okuphelele ukuze bangaphazamisi «insimu» - umoya, umnikazi wensimu.
Ngemva kokuba isithungu sokugcina sesilungile, abesifazane baqoqa wonke amasikela, bawabopha ngotshani bokugcina, futhi wonke umuntu waqala ukugingqika ohlangeni. Yebo, hhayi nje kanjalo, kodwa ngala mazwi: “Vuni, vuni! Nikeza ugibe lwami esitsheni sokubhula, nasesibhuleni, nasesothini sokuphotha esigwegwile.
Abantu abadala bathanda abantu, kodwa impilo yabampofu yayinzima - lonke ihlobo ensimini. Umsebenzi awulula, kodwa awukwazi ukwenziwa, ngaphandle kwalokho ubusika buzolamba. Futhi nansi - isithungu sokugcina! Ungajabuli kanjani? Lo mkhuba wanikeza kokubili amadoda nabesifazane impumuzo futhi wakhululwa ngokuzijabulisa kwawo okungenangqondo. Abalimi babe ne-sundress kanye ne-kokoshnik elungele ukuhlobisa isithungu sokugcina. Walethwa umama wotshani nezingoma egcekeni, zabekwa phakathi netafula neziphuzo, waqhubeka umgidi.
Futhi okhokho bethu babekwazi ukusebenza nokuzijabulisa. U-August mhlawumbe inyanga ebaluleke kakhulu kumlimi waseRussia, ngoba ukuphila komkhaya wonke kwakuxhomeke ekuvuneni kuze kufike ehlobo elizayo. Futhi ukugqoka owesifazane wotshani yiyona engcono kakhulu «isakhiwo seqembu» ngesikhathi somsebenzi wezolimo.
Ukuphuza uju: zisindise, ubani ongakwazi
Maphakathi no-Agasti, i-Dormition Fast iqala. Kodwa naphezu kwalokhu, abantu babembiza ngokuthi «isidlakela. Bakusho lokhu: "I-Assumption fast idlisa umlimi ukuba asuthe", "Fast - ngaphandle kokulamba, sebenza - ngaphandle kokukhathala", "Ngo-August, owesifazane ucindezela i-ridge ensimini, kodwa ukuphila kwakhe kuwuju: izinsuku zifushane - zinde kunobusuku, zibuhlungu ngemuva - yebo i-pickle etafuleni."
Ngo-Agasti 14, ngokwekhalenda yobuKristu, uMsindisi uju uwela (ekhalendeni elidala kwakungu-August 1). Abafuyi bezinyosi baqoqa amakhekheba ezinyosi ezidlekeni bawayisa esontweni ukuze bawangcwelise. Lapho bathola isibusiso sokudla uju, futhi izinsuku ezimnandi zaqala ngesinkwa sejinja, amapanikuku noju, ophaya namabhanisi. Futhi benza uju oluphuzwayo - olufana nolwezinganekwane zaseRussia "lwehla ngamadevu, kodwa aluzange lungene emlonyeni."
Uju lwe-pit lwalungenalutho olufana ne-mead: lwafakwa isikhathi eside, iminyaka, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwalo kwakudinga umkhiqizo obiza kakhulu kune-sturgeon caviar.
Futhi, igama elithi “sindisiwe” kulo mongo lisho “ukuzisindisa” — kukhona zonke izipho zendabuko zenyanga yokugcina yasehlobo: uju, ama-apula nesinkwa.
Nakhu okubhala umcwaningi wokupheka waseRussia uWilliam Pokhlebkin ngalokhu: “IMedostav yayihlotshaniswa nomunye umkhiqizo oyivelakancane nongasekho—ingcina yezinhlanzi (karluk). I-Karluk yengezwe ojuni oseluvele lwenziwe ngaphambi kokuba lufakwe itiyela ukuze lwehlise ijubane, lubambezele inqubo yokuvutshelwa futhi "lucime" (unamathisele) imikhiqizo ebolile evela ojuni, inciphise.
Njengoba i-karluk inezindleko eziphindwe ngamakhulu kune-sturgeon caviar (i-pood of caviar - ama-ruble angu-15, i-pood karluk - ama-ruble angu-370), lokhu kuphinde kwandise izindleko zoju olunikeziwe. Ochwepheshe besimanje beCulinary bakholelwa ukuthi ukuphuza uju kungenziwa kusetshenziswa i-gelatin.
Ngemva koMsindisi Wezinyosi kufika uMsindisi we-Apple - Agasti 19. Kusukela ngalolo suku kuqhubeke, kwakuvunyelwe ukudla ama-apula. Futhi ke Nut (noma Khlebny) - Agasti 29. Ngalolu suku njalo babhaka futhi bangcwelisa isinkwa. Amaholide oMsindisi abizwa ngokuhlonipha uJesu Kristu uMsindisi (uMsindisi). Futhi, igama elithi "sindisiwe" kulo mongo lisho "ukuzisindisa" - kukhona zonke izipho zendabuko zenyanga yokugcina yasehlobo: uju, ama-apula nesinkwa.