I-Hemiparesis ukushoda kwamandla emisipha, okusho ukuthi ukukhubazeka okungaphelele okubangela ukwehla kwamandla okunyakaza. Lokhu kuntuleka kwamandla emisipha kungafinyelela ohlangothini lwesokudla lomzimba, noma ohlangothini lwesobunxele.

Kungenye yemiphumela evame ukuvela ezifweni ze-neurological, okubaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwayo ukushaywa yisifo sohlangothi, izigameko ezikhulayo emhlabeni wonke ngenxa yokwanda kwesikhathi sokuphila. Ukwelashwa okusebenzayo njengamanje kuvame ukuhlanganisa umkhuba womqondo nokuvuselelwa kwemoto.

Incazelo ye-hemiparesis

I-Hemiparesis ivame ukutholakala kumongo wesifo sezinzwa: ukukhubazeka okungaphelele, noma ukuntuleka okuyingxenye emandleni emisipha namandla okunyakaza, okuthinta uhlangothi olulodwa kuphela lomzimba. Ngakho sikhuluma nge-hemiparesis yesokunxele kanye ne-hemiparesis yangakwesokudla. Lokhu kukhubazeka okuncane kungase kuthinte yonke i-hemibody (kuyoba khona-ke i-proportional hemiparesis), kungase futhi kuthinte ingxenye eyodwa yengalo noma yomlenze, noma yobuso, noma kuhilele ezimbalwa zalezi zingxenye. (kulezi zimo kuyoba i-hemiparesis engalingani).

Izinkinga ze-hemiparesis

I-Hemiparesis ivame ukubangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle kwesimiso sezinzwa esimaphakathi. Imbangela eyinhloko ye-hemiparesis isifo sohlangothi. Ngakho-ke, izingozi ze-cerebrovascular ziholela ekushoda kwe-sensorimotor, okuholela ku-hemiplegia noma i-hemiparesis.

Kukhona futhi, ezinganeni, i-hemiparesis ebangelwa ukulimala kwengxenye yobuchopho, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngesikhathi sokubeletha noma ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa: lokhu kuyi-congenital hemiparesis. Uma i-hemiparesis ivela kamuva ebuntwaneni, khona-ke ibizwa ngokuthi i-hemiparesis etholakele.

Kuvela ukuthi ukulimala ohlangothini lwesobunxele lobuchopho kungabangela i-hemiparesis yangakwesokudla, futhi ngokuphambene, ukulimala ohlangothini lwesokudla lobuchopho kuzodala i-hemiparesis kwesokunxele.

kwesifo

Ukuxilongwa kwe-hemiparesis kuwumtholampilo, lapho kubhekene nokuncipha kwamandla okunyakaza kwelinye lezinhlangothi ezimbili zomzimba.

Abantu abathintekayo

Abantu asebekhulile basengozini enkulu yokushaywa unhlangothi, ngakho-ke bathinteka kakhulu yi-hemiparesis. Ngakho, ngenxa yokwanda kwesikhathi sokuphila kwabantu emhlabeni, inani labantu abahlaselwa isifo sohlangothi liye landa kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva.

Izici zengozi

Izici eziyingozi ze-hemiparesis, empeleni, zingahlotshaniswa nengozi yokwethula isifo esixhumene nokungasebenzi kahle kwezinzwa, futhi ikakhulukazi engcupheni yokuba nesifo sohlangothi, okuyilezi:

• ugwayi;
• utshwala;
• ukukhuluphala;
• ukungasebenzi komzimba;
• umfutho wegazi ophakeme;
• i-hypercholesterolemia;
• ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo;
• isifo sikashukela;
• ukucindezeleka;
• kanye neminyaka...

Ukushoda kwengxenye yemoto ye-hemibody

I-Hemiparesis, ekhiqizwa imbangela yasekuqaleni ngokuvamile i-neurological, ngokwayo iwuphawu kune-pathology, uphawu lwayo lomtholampilo lubonakala kakhulu njengoba luhambisana nokushoda kwengxenye yemoto ye-hemibody.

Kunzima ukuhamba

Uma umzimba ophansi uthintekile, noma omunye wemilenze emibili, isiguli singase sibe nobunzima bokusebenzisa ukunyakaza kwalowo mlenze. Ngakho-ke lezi ziguli zizoba nobunzima bokuhamba. Inqulu, iqakala kanye nedolo nakho kuvame ukuveza izinto ezingavamile, ezithinta ukuhambahamba kwalaba bantu.

Ubunzima bokunyakaza kwengalo

Uma esinye sezitho ezimbili ezingezansi sithinteka, ingalo yesokudla noma yesokunxele, izoba nobunzima ekwenzeni ukunyakaza.

I-Visceral hemiparesis

Ubuso bungabuye buthinteke: isiguli sizobe sethula ukukhubazeka okuncane kobuso, okungenzeka kube nokuphazamiseka kwenkulumo kanye nobunzima bokugwinya.

Ezinye izimpawu

• ukufinyela;
• i-spasticity (ukuthambekela kwemisipha okumele inkontileka);
• ukunciphisa okukhethiwe kokulawula injini.

Ngenhloso yokunciphisa ukuntuleka kwezimoto kanye nokusheshisa ukululama kokusebenza kokusetshenziswa kwezitho zomzimba noma izingxenye zomzimba ezintula, umkhuba womqondo, ohlangene nokuvuselelwa kwezimoto, ungeniswe ngaphakathi kwenqubo yokuvuselela iziguli ezihlaselwe yisifo sohlangothi.

• Lokhu kuvuselelwa okusekelwe emisebenzini yansuku zonke kuphumelela kakhulu kunokuvuselela imoto evamile;
• Le nhlanganisela yokusebenza kwengqondo nokuvuselelwa kwezimoto ifakazele ukuthi iwusizo nokusebenza kwayo, ngemiphumela ephawulekayo, ukuthuthukisa ngokuphawulekayo ukulahlekelwa kwezimoto, kuhlanganise ne-hemiparesis, ezigulini ezilandela isifo sohlangothi;
• Ucwaningo lwesikhathi esizayo luzovumela amapharamitha aqondile kakhulu wesikhathi noma imvamisa yalezi zivivinyo ukuthi zinqunywe ngokunemba.

Ukukhanyisa: kuyini umkhuba wengqondo?

Ukuzijwayeza kwengqondo kuqukethe indlela yokuqeqesha, lapho ukukhiqizwa kwangaphakathi kwesenzo semoto esinikeziwe (okungukuthi ukulingisa kwengqondo) kuphindaphindwa kakhulu. Inhloso ukukhuthaza ukufunda noma ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono emoto, ngokucabanga ngengqondo ukunyakaza okufanele kwenziwe. 

Lokhu kuvuselela kwengqondo, okubizwa nangokuthi isithombe semoto, kuhambisana nesimo esiguquguqukayo ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwesenzo esithile, esivuselelwa ngaphakathi ngenkumbulo yokusebenza ngokungabikho kwanoma yikuphi ukunyakaza.

Ngakho-ke ukuzijwayeza kwengqondo kubangela ukufinyelela ngokuqaphela kwenhloso yemoto, ngokuvamile eyenziwa ngokungazi ngesikhathi sokulungiselela ukunyakaza. Ngakho-ke, isungula ubuhlobo phakathi kwezenzakalo zemoto kanye nemibono yokuqonda kwengqondo.

Amasu asebenzayo we-Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) aphinde abonisa ukuthi akuzona kuphela izindawo ezengeziwe ze-premotor ne-motor kanye ne-cerebellum evuliwe ngesikhathi sokunyakaza okucatshangwayo kwesandla neminwe, kodwa futhi ukuthi indawo eyinhloko yemoto ohlangothini oluphambene nayo yayimatasa.

Ukuvimbela inani le-hemiparesis, eqinisweni, ukuvimbela izifo zemizwa kanye nezingozi ze-cerebrovascular, futhi ngenxa yalokho ukwamukela indlela yokuphila enempilo, ngokungabhemi, ngokuzivivinya umzimba njalo nokudla okulinganiselayo ukuze ugweme ukukhula, phakathi kwezinye izinto, isifo sikashukela nokukhuluphala.