I-helix (kusuka kweyesayensi yesiLatini i-helix, kusukela kwelesiGreek elithi heliks, -ikos, okusho ukuthi i-spiral) iyisakhiwo sendlebe yangaphandle.

Isikhundla. I-helix yakha umngcele ongenhla nohlangothini lwe-auricle, noma i-pinna ye-auricular. Lesi sakamuva sihambisana nengxenye ebonakalayo yendlebe yangaphandle kuyilapho inyama ye-acoustic yangaphandle imelela ingxenye engabonakali. Ngakho olimini lwansuku zonke i-auricle, noma i-pinna, kubhekiselwa kuyo njengendlebe, nakuba ingxenye yokugcina yakhiwe izingxenye ezintathu: indlebe engaphandle, indlebe ephakathi nendlebe engaphakathi (1).

Ukwakheka. I-helix ihambisana nengxenye engenhla nehlangothini yendlebe yangaphandle. Lesi sakamuva sakhiwe ngokuyinhloko uqwanga olunwebekayo olufakwe ungqimba oluncane lwesikhumba, kanye nezinwele ezinhle nezincane. Ngokungafani ne-helix, ingxenye engezansi yendlebe engaphandle, ebizwa ngokuthi i-lobule, iyingxenye eyinyama engenawo uqwanga (1).

I-Vascularization. I-helix kanye nempande yayo kunikezwa imithambo ye-atrial yangaphambili naphakathi, ngokulandelana (2).

Indima yokuhlola. I-auricle, noma i-pinna, idlala indima ekuzweni ngokuqoqa futhi ikhulise amaza omsindo. Inqubo izoqhubeka ku-acoustic meatus yangaphandle bese kuthi kwezinye izingxenye zendlebe.

Lebula le nkambu yombhalo

I-Pathology kanye nezinkinga ezihambisanayo

Umbhalo

Tinnitus. I-tinnitus ihambisana nomsindo ongavamile ozwakala esihlokweni lapho ingekho imisindo yangaphandle. Izimbangela zale tinnitus zihlukahlukene futhi kwezinye izimo zingaxhunyaniswa nama-pathologies athile noma zixhunywe nokuguga kwamaselula. Ngokuya ngomsuka, ubude besikhathi, nezinkinga ezihambisanayo, i-tinnitus ihlukaniswe izigaba ezimbalwa (3):

• Izinhloso kanye nokuzithoba: Izinhloso ze-tinnitus zihambelana nomthombo womsindo ophuma ngaphakathi komzimba wendoda, njengesibonelo isitsha segazi. Okwe-tinnitus okuzithobayo, akukho mthombo womsindo okhonjwa. Ihambisana nokuqhutshwa okungalungile kolwazi lomsindo ngezindlela zokuzwa.
• Ama-tinnitus acute, subacute kanye namahlalakhona: Ahlukaniswa ngokwesikhathi sawo. I-tinnitus kuthiwa iba muncu uma ihlala izinyanga ezintathu, ifake i-subcute isikhathi esiphakathi kwezinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyishumi nambili futhi ingalapheki uma ihlala izinyanga ezingaphezu kweziyishumi nambili.
• Ama-tinnitus akhokhelwe futhi ancishisiwe: Achaza umthelela ezingeni lempilo. Ama-tinnitus akhokhelwayo abhekwa “njengonqobekayo” nsuku zonke, kuyilapho ama-tinnitus abolile eba yingozi enhlalakahleni yansuku zonke.

I-Hyperacousie. Lesi sifo sihambisana nokuzwela kwemisindo nemisindo yangaphandle. Kubanga ukungaphatheki kahle kwansuku zonke kwesiguli (3).

I-Microtie. Ihambisana nokungahleleki kahle kwe-helix, okuxhunyaniswe nokukhula okwanele kwephini lendlebe.

Ukwelashwa. Ngokuya ngesifo esitholakele, kungaqokwa izindlela ezithile zokwelashwa.

Ukwelapha okuhlinzwa. Ngokuya ngesifo esitholakele, kungenziwa umsebenzi wokuhlinzwa.

Ukuhlolwa komzimba. Okokuqala, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa komtholampilo ukuze kuhlonzwe futhi kuhlolwe izimpawu ezibonwa yisiguli.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-ENT imaging. I-Tympanoscopy noma i-endoscopy yamakhala ingenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

Uphawu lobuhle. Emasikweni ahlukene, i-auricular pinna yendlebe ihlotshaniswa nophawu lobuhle. Izengezo zokwenziwa zibekwe ku-helix ikakhulukazi, njengokubhoboza.