Izinga le-cholesterol le-HDL lilinganiswa ngesikhathi sokulinganisa kwe-lipid ukuvumela ukuhlaziywa kwe-cholesterol. I-cholesterol ye-HDL yi-lipoprotein ebizwa ngokuthi "i-cholesterol enhle" ngoba ivumela ukuthi i-cholesterol eyeqile ibanjwe futhi iyiswe esibindini ukuze iqedwe.

Iyini i-HDL cholesterol?

I-cholesterol ye-HDL, nayo ebhaliwe i-HDL-cholesterol, iyi-high density lipoprotein esiza ukuhambisa i-cholesterol emzimbeni wonke.

Kungani ibizwa ngokuthi "i-cholesterol enhle"?

I-cholesterol ye-HDL inekhono lokuthwebula i-cholesterol eyeqile bese iyiyisa esibindini ukuze isuswe. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi i-cholesterol ye-HDL ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "i-cholesterol enhle", ephikisana ne-cholesterol ye-LDL yona uqobo ebhekwa njenge "cholesterol embi".

Yiziphi izindinganiso ezijwayelekile ze-cholesterol ye-HDL?

I-cholesterol ye-HDL ibhekwa njengokujwayelekile lapho iqondwa:

• phakathi kuka-0,4 g / L no-0,6 g / L emadodeni amadala;
• phakathi kuka-0,5 g / L no-0,6 g / L kwabesifazane abadala.

Kodwa-ke, lawa manani ayizethenjwa angahluka ngokuya ngamalabhorethri wokuhlaziywa kwezokwelapha kanye nemingcele eminingi kufaka phakathi ubudala nomlando wezokwelapha. Ukuze uthole okwengeziwe, kufanele ufune iseluleko kudokotela wakho.

Izinga le-cholesterol ye-HDL ingenye yemingcele efundelwe ukuhlaziya inani eliphelele le-cholesterol emzimbeni.

Ukuhlaziywa kwamazinga e-cholesterol esewonke kungavimbela noma kuhlolisise:

• i-hypocholesterolemia, ehambelana nokuntuleka kwe-cholesterol;
• i-hypercholesterolemia, ebhekisa ku-cholesterol eyeqile.

Yize kuyisakhamzimba esibalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle komzimba, i-cholesterol iyi-lipid, okweqile kwayo okuyisici sobungozi bokugula. Ngokweqile, kancane kancane i-cholesterol yakha ezindongeni zemithambo. Lokhu kufakwa kwama-lipids kungaholela ekwakhiweni kwesici se-atheromatous plaque se-atherosclerosis. Lesi sifo semithambo singadala izinkinga ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-myocardial infarction, ingozi ye-cerebrovascular (stroke) noma i-arteritis obliterans yezitho ezingezansi (PADI).

Ukuhlolwa kwe-cholesterol ye-HDL kwenziwa njengengxenye yebhalansi ye-lipid. Kwenziwa endaweni yokuhlaziya yezokwelapha, lokhu okudingekayo kudinga isampula yegazi elinobuthi. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kuvame ukuthathwa lapho kugoba indololwana.

Uma sekuqoqiwe, isampula yegazi bese lihlaziywa ukukala:

• Amazinga e-HDL cholesterol;
• Amazinga e-cholesterol e-LDL;
• inani le-cholesterol ephelele;
• amazinga we-triglyceride.

Ukubamba iqhaza ekuthuthweni kwe-cholesterol emzimbeni, i-cholesterol ye-HDL inesilinganiso esihluka ngokuya ngokudla. Kungakho kunconywa ukuthi kwenziwe isilinganiso se-HDL cholesterol esiswini esingenalutho, okungcono okungenani amahora ayi-12. Ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwe-lipid, kuyalulekwa futhi ukuthi ungaphuzi utshwala emahoreni angama-48 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwegazi.

Izinga le-cholesterol le-HDL lifundelwa maqondana namanye amanani atholakala ngesikhathi sebhalansi ye-lipid. Ngokuvamile, ibhalansi ibhekwa njengejwayelekile lapho:

• izinga le-cholesterol eliphelele lingaphansi kuka-2 g / L;
• I-cholesterol ye-LDL ingaphansi kuka-1,6 g / L;
• Izinga le-cholesterol le-HDL likhulu kune-0,4 g / L;
• izinga le-triglyceride lingaphansi kuka-1,5 g / L.

Lawa mavelu ajwayelekile anikezwa ukuthola ulwazi kuphela. Ziyahlukahluka ngokuya ngamapharamitha ahlukile kubandakanya ubulili, ubudala nomlando wezokwelapha. Ukuhlaziywa okwenziwe ngezifiso kwebhalansi ye-lipid, kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho.

Ukuhunyushwa kwe-cholesterol ephansi ye-HDL

Izinga eliphansi le-HDL le-cholesterol, elingaphansi kuka-0,4 g / L, imvamisa liyisibonakaliso se-hypocholesterolemia, okungukuthi ukuntuleka kwe-cholesterol. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kushoda kwe-cholesterol kungaxhunyaniswa ne:

• ukungajwayelekile kofuzo;
• ukungondleki kahle;
• i-cholesterol malabsorption;
• izifo ezifana nomdlavuza;
• isimo esicindezelayo.

Ukuhunyushwa kwe-cholesterol ephezulu ye-HDL

Izinga eliphezulu le-cholesterol le-HDL, elingaphezu kuka-0,6 g / L, lithathwa njengenani elifanele. Ngokusho kwabaphenyi, leli zinga eliphakeme lingahlotshaniswa nomphumela wokuvikela inhliziyo.

Izinga eliphakeme le-HDL cholesterol kumele noma kunjalo lihlaziywe maqondana neminye imiphumela yebhalansi ye-lipid. Ngaphezu kwalokho, leli zinga eliphakeme lingachazwa ngokuthatha imishanguzo ethile kubandakanya nemithi yokwehlisa i-lipid.