Ihhashi le-Gubar nehhashi elinamachashazi, elihlala endaweni yase-Amur, njengezinye izinhlanzi zohlobo "lwehhashi", naphezu kwegama elingavamile, lifana nama-barbels noma ama-minnows. Ngokuqondene nalo lonke uhlobo lwamahhashi, oluhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingu-12, lungowomndeni we-carp. Zonke izinhlanzi zalolu hlobo zihlala ezindaweni zamanzi ahlanzekile atholakala eMpumalanga Asia, engxenyeni esenyakatho yohlu olusuka emifuleni yaseRussia Far East, iziqhingi zaseJapane naseningizimu kuya esigodini saseMekong, lapho zifuywa khona ngokwengxenye. ). Zonke izinhlanzi zohlobo zincane ngosayizi nesisindo, njengomthetho, azidluli ku-2 kg.
Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, endaweni yaseMpumalanga Ekude yaseRussia, endaweni yomfula i-Amur, kukhona ihhashi elinamabala, kanye nehhashi le-gubar, elingenye yezinhlanzi ezinkulu kakhulu zohlobo, ezikhula ngaphezu kuka-60 cm futhi zinesisindo. kufika ku-4 kg. Ihhashi elinamabala linobukhulu obuncane obukhulu (kufika ku-40 cm). Ngokubukeka, izinhlanzi zinezici ezifanayo kanye nezinye izici. Ezivamile zihlanganisa umzimba omude, ikhala elinomlomo ongezansi nezimpondo, njenge-minnow, kanye ne- dorsal fin ephakeme enomgogodla ocijile. Zihluke komunye nomunye ngemininingwane enjengokuthi: ipipit enamabala inombala ofana ne-minnow, kuyilapho ku-gubar isiliva-grey; izindebe zehhashi elinamabala zizacile, futhi ikhala libuthuntu, ngokungafani nehhashi le-gubar, elinezinhlobo eziningi zenyama. Ngaphezu kwezici zangaphandle, izinhlanzi zihluka kancane endleleni yazo yokuphila nendawo yokuhlala. Ihhashi elinamachaphaza lincamela ukuhlala ezindaweni ezitholakala emanzini, ikakhulukazi emachibini. Ingena endaweni evamile ngesikhathi esibandayo. Ukudla okuphansi, okuxubile. Ukudla okuyinhloko kwehhashi elinamachashazi yizilwane ezingenamgogodla ezihlukahlukene, kodwa ama-molluscs awavamile. Izinhlanzi ezisencane zidla izilwane eziphansi ezihlala emanzini aphakeme, kodwa lapho sezikhulile, zishintshela ekudleni okuphansi. Ekwindla nasebusika, amapayipi amachashaza amadala avame ukudla izinhlanzi ezincane, njengama-minnows. Ngokungafani nenamabala, ihhashi le-gubar liyisakhamuzi sengxenye yomfula, lincamela ukuba khona esikhathini samanje. Akuvamile ukungena emanzini amile. Ukudla kuyefana nehhashi elinamachashazi, kodwa umuzwa walo wokuzidla awuthuthukisiwe kakhulu. Ukudla okuyinhloko izinhlobonhlobo eziphilayo eziseduze naphansi. Zombili izinhlanzi, ngokwezinga elithile, ziqhudelana nokudla kwamanye ama-demersal cyprinid, njenge-carps. Ama-skates ambiwa ngamanani amancane abadobi.
Izindlela zokudoba
Naphezu kobukhulu bazo kanye namathambo, izinhlanzi zimnandi kakhulu futhi zilungiswa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Izici zokubamba izikebhe ze-Amur zihlobene ngokuqondile nendlela yokuphila ephansi yalezi zinhlanzi. Izinhlanzi eziphumelele kakhulu zibanjwa ngama-baits emvelo ngosizo lwegiya eliphansi kanye ne-float. Kwezinye izimo, izinhlanzi zisabela kuma-spinners amancane, kanye ne-mormyshka. Entwasahlobo nasekwindla, ukulunywa kwehhashi kukhiqiza kakhulu futhi kuhlukaniswa ngezibonelo ezinkulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukholakala ukuthi ama-skates ayizinhlanzi ze-twilight futhi abanjwe kakhulu ekuseni nakusihlwa amahora, kanye nasebusuku. Ukudoba ama-skates ngezicucu zokwenziwa kuzenzakalela futhi lezi zinhlanzi ngokuvamile zibanjwa ngokungalindelekile. Uma kucatshangelwa iqiniso lokuthi ihhashi eliphakathi nendawo lisabela kahle ezidlelweni zemifino futhi libonakala ngendlela yokuphila eqoqanayo, kuphumelela kakhulu ukusebenzisa amagiya okuphakelayo kusetshenziswa izingxube zokuyenga ezisuka egiyeni eliphansi. Njengendondo yokudoba, izinhlanzi ziyathakazelisa impela, ngoba lapho zibanjwa zibonisa ukumelana okuqinile.
Amahubo
Izinhlanzi zibanjwa ngokudla kwezilwane nemifino ehlukahlukene. Njenge-bycatch, ama-skates asabela kummbila, imvuthuluka yesinkwa, nokunye. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izilwane zingabhekwa njengama-nozzles aphumelela kakhulu, ngendlela yezibungu ezihlukahlukene, ngezinye izikhathi izinambuzane zasemhlabeni, inyama ye-shellfish, njalonjalo. Uma ufuna ukubamba ukuphotha, udinga ukusebenzisa ama-spinner amancane nama-wobblers, kuyilapho kusebenza kakhulu ngesikhathi sekwindla ne-spring zhor.
Izindawo zokudoba kanye nezindawo zokuhlala
Ihhashi elinamabala lihlala emanzini aseShayina, kodwa lathuthwa ngephutha layiswa kwamanye amachibi ase-Asia Emaphakathi. Esigodini sase-Amur, uvezwa kabanzi ezindaweni ezimaphakathi neziphansi, emachibini nasezintabeni ze-Amur, Sungari, Ussuri, Lake Khanka nezinye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani labantu laziwa emifuleni enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeSakhalin Island. Ihhashi le-Gubar lihlala, licabangela indawo yaseShayina, eNhlonhlweni YaseKorea, eziqhingini zaseJapane naseTaiwan. Esigodini sase-Amur, imelelwe kabanzi, kusukela emlonyeni kuya eShilka, Argun, Bair-Nur.
Ukuzalela
Zombili lezi zinhlobo zivuthwa ngokobulili lapho zineminyaka engu-4-5 ubudala. Ukuzalela kwenziwa emanzini afudumele entwasahlobo nasehlobo, ngokuvamile ekupheleni kukaMeyi - ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Kodwa-ke, isikhathi sincike kakhulu endaweni yezinhlanzi futhi sihlotshaniswa nezimo zezulu ezihlukene zendawo lapho i-Amur igeleza khona. I-Caviar enamathelayo, enamathiselwe emhlabathini. Kuye ngezimo zokuba khona, izinhlanzi zizala ezinhlobonhlobo zenhlabathi, ihhashi elinamabala, elihlala emanzini apholile, libeka amaqanda eduze kwezithiyo zamanzi, ama-snags notshani.