Umdlalo Wotshwala.
landa ividiyo
Ekuhlaziyweni kwegeyimu, abukho uphuzo oludakayo noma izidakwa, kodwa indima ye-Alcohol komunye umdlalo. Uma imbangela eyinhloko yokuphuza utshwala ngokweqile, isibonelo, ukuphazamiseka ngokomzimba, khona-ke lokhu kuwumthwalo wemfanelo womsebenzi ojwayelekile. Into yokuhlaziywa kugeyimu esiyiphakamisayo yehluke ngokuphelele kulokho kuthengiselana komphakathi okubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kabi kotshwala. Lo mdlalo sawubiza ngokuthi "Utshwala".
Uma unwetshwe ngokugcwele, lo mdlalo unabadlali abahlanu, kodwa ezinye izindima zingahlanganiswa ukuze umdlalo uqale futhi uphele ngabadlali ababili kuphela. Iqhaza elimqoka, indima yoMholi, nguSidakwa uqobo lwakhe, esiyoke sibize ngoMhlophe.
Uzakwethu obaluleke kakhulu uMxoshi. Le ndima ngokuvamile idlalwa umuntu wobulili obuhlukile, ngokuvamile umngane womshado. Indima yesithathu yileyo yoMsindisi, ngokuvamile edlalwa ngumuntu wobulili obufanayo, ngokuvamile udokotela obamba iqhaza esigulini futhi ngokuvamile unesithakazelo ezinkingeni zokudakwa.
Esimeni sakudala, udokotela «uphulukisa ngempumelelo» umlutha wotshwala womkhuba omubi. Ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha bengaphuzile ngokuphelele, udokotela nesiguli bayahalaliselana, ngakusasa uMhlophe utholakala ngaphansi kothango.
Indima yesine nguSimpleton. Ezincwadini, le ndima ngokuvamile ngeyomnikazi wendawo yokudlela noma yimuphi omunye umuntu onikeza uMhlophe isiphuzo ngesikweletu noma amnike imali ngesikweletu futhi angamsukeli noma azame ukumsindisa. Empilweni le ndima ingadlalwa ngumama kaMhlophe emupha imali evamise ukuzwelana naye ngoba umkakhe ongumalokazana akayizwa kahle indoda yakhe. Ngale nguqulo yomdlalo, uWhite kufanele abe nencazelo ezwakalayo yombuzo wokuthi kungani edinga imali. Futhi nakuba bobabili abalingani bazi kahle ukuthi uzobachitha ngani, benza sengathi bayayikholelwa incazelo yakhe.
Ngezinye izikhathi i-Simpleton ikhula ibe enye indima - hhayi ebaluleke kakhulu, kodwa efanelekile esimweni - uMgqugquzeli, u-Nice Guy, ovame ukunikeza utshwala ku-White, ngisho nalapho engabuzi ukuthi "Woza, uphuze" (ukuthengiswa okufihliwe "Futhi uzokwehla ngokushesha okukhulu").
Kuyo yonke imidlalo ehlobene notshwala, kunenye indima yokusiza okungeyengcweti - i-bartender, i-barman, okungukuthi, umuntu ophakela uMhlophe utshwala. Emdlalweni othi "Alcohol" ungumhlanganyeli wesihlanu, uMlamuli, umthombo oyinhloko wotshwala, okuthe, ngaphezu kwalokho, uqonda ngokugcwele umlutha wotshwala futhi, ngomqondo othile, ungumuntu oyinhloko ekuphileni kwanoma yimuphi umlutha wezidakamizwa. Umehluko phakathi koMlamuli nabanye abadlali ngokuyisisekelo uyafana nophakathi kwezingcweti nezimfundamakhwela kunoma yimuphi umdlalo.
Uchwepheshe uyazi ukuthi kufanele ame nini. Ngakho, ngesinye isikhathi, umdayisi onekhono angase enqabe ukukhonza Utshwala, olahlekelwa umthombo wotshwala, kuze kube yilapho ethola uMlamuli omnene.
Ezigabeni zokuqala zomdlalo, inkosikazi ingadlala izindima ezintathu ezisekelayo.
Phakathi kwamabili, umlingani unguSimpleton. Akhumule umyeni wakhe, amenzele ikhofi futhi amvumele akhiphe ububi bakhe. Ekuseni uphenduka uMshushisi amthuke ngempilo yakhe engcolile. Kusihlwa, uphenduka uMsindisi futhi uncenga umyeni wakhe ukuba ayeke imikhuba emibi. Ezigabeni zakamuva, ngezinye izikhathi mayelana nokuwohloka kwesimo somzimba, u-Alcohol angenza ngaphandle koMshushisi noMsindisi, kodwa uyababekezelela uma ngesikhathi esisodwa bevuma ukumnikeza izimo ezibalulekile. U-White angase, isibonelo, ngokuzumayo aye enhlanganweni ethile esindisa umphefumulo futhi aze avume "ukusindiswa" uma bemnika ukudla kwamahhala lapho. Angakwazi ukusingatha kokubili ukuthethiswa kwabafundi abasafufusa kanye nochwepheshe uma enethemba lokuthola i-handout kamuva.
Ngokuhambisana nokuhlaziywa kwemidlalo, sikholelwa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ngokwako, uma kunikeza injabulo kuMhlophe, bese kudlula kuphela. Umsebenzi wakhe omkhulu ukufinyelela kuvuthondaba, okuyi-hangover.
Umlutha wotshwala ubona i-hangover hhayi nje ngesimo esibi somzimba, kodwa njengokuhlushwa kwengqondo. Izinto ezimbili ezithandwa abantu abaphuzayo zokuzilibazisa i-«Cocktail» (ukuthi baphuze kangakanani nokuthi baxube ini) kanye nokuthi «Ngakusasa ekuseni» («Bheka ukuthi ngangiphatheke kabi kanjani») I-Cocktail idlalwa kakhulu abantu abaphuza kuphela emicimbini noma abavela. icala ngecala. Izidakwa eziningi zincamela ukudlala umdlalo ogcwele ingqondo othi «The Morning After» ngendlela efanele.
... Isiguli esithile (oMhlophe), sifika ekubonisaneni nodokotela wengqondo ngemva kwesinye isihluku, sehlisela imifudlana yeziqalekiso ekhanda laso; I-psychotherapist yathula. Kamuva, njengelungu leqembu le-psychotherapy, u-White wakhumbula lokhu kuvakasha futhi washo inhlamba yakhe kumelaphi ngokuzethemba okukhohlisayo. Lapho imilutha yotshwala ixoxa ngesimo sayo ngezinjongo zokwelapha, ngokuvamile ayinasithakazelo enkingeni yokuphuza ngakunye (ngokusobala, ngokuvamile ikhuluma ngakho ngenxa yokuhlonipha uMshushisi), kodwa ekuhlushweni okulandelayo. Sikholelwa ukuthi umgomo wokuthengiselana wokusetshenziswa kabi kotshwala, ngaphezu kobumnandi bokuphuza uqobo, wukwakha isimo lapho Ingane izothethiswa ngayo yonke indlela hhayi kuphela nguMzali wayo ongaphakathi, kodwa nanoma yimuphi umzali indawo eseduze owamukela ukuhlanganyela okukhulu ngokwanele ku-Alcohol ukuze ahlangane naye phakathi futhi adlale emdlalweni wakhe. Ngakho-ke, ukwelapha kulo mdlalo akufanele kuqondiswe kumkhuba wokuphuza, kodwa ekuqedeni isifiso somlutha wotshwala sokuzitika ngobuthakathaka bakhe futhi ahlanganyele ekuzifuneni kwakhe, okubonakaliswa ngokugcwele emdlalweni othi "The Next Morning". Lesi sigaba asibandakanyi, nokho, abaphuza ngokweqile abangahlupheki ngokokuziphatha ngemva kokuzithiba.
Kukhona nomdlalo wotshwala ongaphuzi lapho uMhlophe edlula kuzo zonke izigaba zokuwohloka kwezimali kanye nokuwohloka komphakathi, nakuba engaphuzi nhlobo. Kodwa-ke, wenza okufanayo emdlalweni futhi udinga abalingisi abafanayo "babalingisi" ukuthi badlale naye. Kulo mdlalo, isenzo esiyinhloko senzeka "ngakusasa ekuseni." Ukufana phakathi kwale midlalo kufakazela ukuthi iyimidlalo ngempela. I-Game Addict ifana kakhulu ne-Alcohol, kodwa iyamangalisa kakhulu futhi iyathusa. Ikhula ngokushesha futhi ngokumangalisayo. Okungenani emphakathini wethu, umthwalo omningi kuwo uwela ku-Chaser (ohlale elungile). Abasindisi kanye nama-Simpletons ayivelakancane kakhulu kulo mdlalo, kodwa indima yoMlamuli iba ebaluleke kakhulu.
Kunezinhlangano eziningi e-US ezibamba iqhaza emdlalweni wotshwala. Abaningi babo babonakala beshumayela imithetho yomdlalo, bachaze ukuthi bangadlala kanjani indima ye-Alcohol: shaya ingilazi ngaphambi kokudla kwasekuseni, basebenzise imali ehloselwe ezinye izidingo eziphuzweni, njalonjalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bachaza imisebenzi yoMsindisi. Isibonelo, i-Alcoholics Anonymous. I-Alcoholics Anonymous yinhlangano esabalale e-United States nakwamanye amazwe amaningi emhlabeni jikelele. Badlala lo mdlalo, bezama ukuheha umlutha wotshwala endimeni yoMsindisi.
Ababeyizidakwa zotshwala bayathandwa ngoba bayayazi imithetho yomdlalo ngakho bayakwazi ukudlala nabanye kunabantu abangakaze bawudlale. Kuze kwabikwa izigameko lapho “isitokwe” sotshwala obekusebenza ngaso sivele saphela, okuthe ngemuva kwalokho amanye amalungu ale nhlangano aphinde aqala ukuphuza, ngenxa yokuthi abengenayo enye indlela yokuqhubeka nomdlalo ngaphandle kwethimba labantu abafayo. isidingo sosizo.
Kunezinhlangano inhloso yazo wukuthuthukisa isimo sabanye abadlali. Abanye babo bafaka ingcindezi kumlingani womshado ukuba aguqule indima yoMshushisi abe nguMsindisi. Kithina kubonakala sengathi inhlangano esondelene nokwelapha okufanelekile yileyo esebenza nezingane ezisakhula ezinabazali abawumlutha wotshwala. Ufuna ukusiza ingane ukuthi ihoxise ngokuphelele emdlalweni wabazali. Ukuguqulwa kwendima akusebenzi lapha.
Ukuphulukiswa kwengqondo komlutha wotshwala kungafinyelelwa, ngokubona kwethu, kuphela ngokuhoxa kwakhe okungenakuhlehliswa emdlalweni, hhayi ngoshintsho olulula lwezindima. Kwezinye izimo, lokhu kuye kwafinyelelwa, nakuba umuntu engakwazi ukuthola okunye okuthakazelisayo ku-Alcohol kunekhono lokuqhubeka nomdlalo. Ukushintsha izindima ngendlela ephoqelelwe kungase kube umdlalo ohlukile kunobudlelwano obungenamdlalo.
Okubizwa ngokuthi izidakwa eziphulukisiwe ngokuvamile aziyona inkampani ekhuthazayo kakhulu; bona ngokwabo cishe bayaqonda ukuthi ukuphila kwabo kuyisicefe, bahlala belingeka ukuba babuyele emikhubeni emidala. Inkomba yokululama emdlalweni, ngokombono wethu, yisimo esinjalo lapho owayekade engumlutha wotshwala engaphuza emphakathini ngaphandle kwengozi kuye.
Kusukela encazelweni yomdlalo, kubonakala ukuthi uMsindisi uvame ukuba nesilingo esinamandla sokudlala umdlalo wakhe: "Ngizama nje ukukusiza", kanti uMshushisi kanye noSimpleton badlala okwabo: esimweni sokuqala. — «Bheka lokho ongenze kimi», in the second — «Glorious fellow. Ngemva kokuvela kwenani elikhulu lezinhlangano ezihilelekile ekusindiseni izidakwa nokukhuthaza umbono wokuthi ukuphuza utshwala kuyisifo, izidakwa eziningi ziye zafunda ukudlala "I-Cripple". Ukugxila kusuke kuMshushisi kuya kuMsindisi, kusukela kokuthi "Ngiyisoni" kuya kokuthi "Ufunani kumuntu ogulayo." Izinzuzo zokushintsha okunjalo ziyinkinga kakhulu, njengoba, ngokombono ongokoqobo, akuzange kusize ukunciphisa ukuthengiswa kotshwala kwabaphuza ngokweqile. Kubantu abaningi e-US, nokho, i-Alcoholics Anonymous isamele enye yezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokululama ekuzitikeni.
I-Antithesis. Kuyaziwa ukuthi umdlalo othi "Alcohol" udlalwa ngokungathí sina futhi kunzima ukuwuyeka. Kwelinye lamaqembu e-psychotherapy, kwakukhona owesifazane ongumlutha wotshwala owaqale wabamba iqhaza elincane emisebenzini yeqembu, kwaze kwaba yilapho, ngokombono wakhe, wazana namalungu eqembu ngokuseduze ngokwanele ukuze enze umdlalo wakhe. Wacela ukutshelwa ukuthi amalungu eqembu acabangani ngaye. Kusukela kuze kube manje ukuziphatha kwakhe bekumnandi, iningi likhuluma ngaye ngezwi elinomusa.
Kodwa lona wesifazane waqala ukukhononda: “Akukhona lokho engikufunayo nhlobo. Ngifuna ukwazi ukuthi ngempela ucabangani ngami.” Emazwini akhe kwacaca ukuthi ucela amazwi alulazayo. Ngemva kokuba amanye amalungu eqembu enqabile ukuba uMshushisi, waya ekhaya futhi watshela umyeni wakhe ukuthi uma engaphuza kanye nje, wayengamdivosa noma amthumele esibhedlela. Umyeni wathembisa ukwenza njengoba ecela. Ngabo lobo busuku, lona wesifazane wadakwa futhi umyeni wakhe wamthumela esibhedlela.
Kulesi sibonelo, iziguli zenqaba ukwenza njengabashushisi, okuyilokho kanye owesifazane ayekulindele kuzo. Akakwazanga ukubekezelela ukuziphatha okunjalo okuphambene kwamalungu eqembu, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi wonke umuntu oseduze kwakhe wazama ukuqinisa ukuthi yikuphi ukuqonda okuncane kwesimo akwazi ukukufeza. Futhi ekhaya, wakwazi ukuthola indoda ethanda ukudlala indima ayidingayo.
Nokho, kwezinye izimo kungenzeka ngempela ukulungiselela isiguli ngendlela yokuthi sisakwazi ukuyeka umdlalo. Umelaphi angase azame ukusebenzisa indlela yokwelapha lapho enqaba khona ukuthatha indima yokuba uMshushisi noma uMhlengi. Sikholelwa ukuthi kungaba okungalungile ngokombono wezokwelapha uma ethatha indima ye-Simpleton futhi avumele isiguli ukuba singanaki izibopho zezimali noma ukugcina isikhathi okulula. Inqubo yokwelapha eqondile yokuthengiselana imi kanje: ngemva komsebenzi wokulungiselela ngokucophelela, umelaphi uyelulekwa ukuthi athathe isikhundla somuntu omdala ongene esivumelwaneni nesiguli futhi enqaba ukudlala noma yiziphi ezinye izindima ngethemba lokuthi isiguli sizokwazi ukubona ukuzithiba hhayi kuphela otshwaleni, kodwa nasekugembuleni. . Uma isiguli singaphumeleli, sincoma ukuthi usidlulisele kuMsindisi.
Ukusebenzisa lokho okuphikisa kunzima kakhulu, njengoba cishe kuwo wonke amazwe aseNtshonalanga umuntu ophuza kakhulu ngokuvamile uyinto eyamukelekayo yokusolwa, ukushaqeka, noma ukupha ezinhlanganweni ezisiza abampofu. Ngakho-ke, umuntu owenqaba ngokuzumayo ukudlala noma yiziphi izindima zomdlalo othi "Alcohol" angase abangele intukuthelo yomphakathi. Indlela ephusile ingaba yingozi kakhulu kubasindisi kunakwabadakwa, okungaba yingozi kwesinye isikhathi enqubweni yokwelapha.
Ngesinye isikhathi, komunye wemitholampilo yethu, iqembu lama-psychotherapist elalihileleke kakhulu emdlalweni othi "Alcohol" lazama ukwelapha iziguli ngokubhubhisa umdlalo wabo. Ngokushesha nje lapho isu lama-psychotherapist libonakala, ikomidi losizo elixhasa umtholampilo lazama ukuxosha lonke iqembu, futhi esikhathini esizayo, ekwelapheni lezi ziguli, alizange liphendukele kunoma yiliphi ilungu lalo ukuze lithole usizo.
Imidlalo ehlobene. Kukhona isiqephu esithakazelisayo emdlalweni othi "Alcohol":
"Asiphuze." Saboniswa umfundi oqaphile ochwepheshe bezengqondo zezimboni. UWhite nomkakhe (uStalker ongaphuzi) baya epikinikini noBlack (umlingani) nomkakhe (bobabili oSimpletons). Omhlophe uphatha abaMnyama: "Asiphuze!" Uma bevuma, lokhu kunikeza uMhlophe inkululeko yokuthi aphuze ezinye iziphuzo ezine noma ezinhlanu. Ukwenqaba kweZimnyama ukuphuza kwenza umdlalo kaMhlophe ubonakale. Kulokhu, ngokwemithetho yokuphuza ngokuhlanganyela, uMhlophe kufanele azizwe edelelekile, futhi epikinikini elandelayo uzozitholela abangane bakhe abaningi. Okubonakala ezingeni lenhlalo njengokupha kwabantu Abadala, ezingeni lezengqondo, ukuvelela nje, njengoba uMhlophe, ngokufumbathisa okusobala, ethola incwadi yabazali evela kwabaMnyama ngaphansi kwekhala likaNkk. White, ongenamandla okumelana nakho. Eqinisweni, uNksz White uyavumelana nesenzakalo esinjalo, ezenza «amandla» okumelana nomyeni wakhe. Phela naye uyafisa ukuthi umdlalo uqhubeke, aphinde adlale indawo kaMjahi njengoba naye uMr. Kulula ukumcabanga ehlambalaza umyeni wakhe ekuseni ngemva kwepikiniki. Lokhu okuhlukile komdlalo kugcwele izingqinamba, ikakhulukazi uma uMhlophe engaphezulu koMnyama kusevisi. Empeleni ukukhuluma. Ama-Simpletons awalula kangako. Ngokuvamile laba kungabantu abanesizungu abangazuza kakhulu ebuhlotsheni obuhle nezidakwa.
Isibonelo, umnikazi wendawo yokudlela, edlala indima ka-Nice Guy, ngaleyo ndlela andisa umbuthano wabajwayele; ngaphezu kwalokho, enkampanini yakhe angathola idumela hhayi nje njengomuntu ophanayo, kodwa futhi njengomxoxi wezindaba omuhle kakhulu.
Enye yezinketho ze-Nice Guy ibonakala, isibonelo, lapho umuntu ecela iseluleko kuwo wonke umuntu, efuna amathuba okuthi ungasiza kanjani omunye umuntu. Lesi isibonelo somdlalo omuhle, owakhayo okufanele ukhuthazwe ngazo zonke izindlela. Okuphambene nalo mdlalo indima ye-Tough Guy, lapho umuntu efuna izindlela zokuzwisa abantu ubuhlungu kanye nokulimaza abantu ngangokunokwenzeka. Futhi nakuba, mhlawumbe, akasoze alimaza noma ubani, kodwa labo abaseduze kwakhe baqala ukumhlanganisa "nabafana abanzima" abanjalo "abadlala kuze kube sekupheleni." Futhi ujabulela imisebe yalenkazimulo. AmaFulentshi abiza lesi sibonelo ngokuthi fanfarone de vice (the fanfaron of evil).
Analysis
Umbono: “Awu, bengimubi! Ake sibone ukuthi ungangivimba yini."
Inhloso: ukuzigqamisa.
Izindima: Utshwala, Umshushisi, uMsindisi, u-Simpleton, uMlamuleli.
Imifanekiso: "Ake sibone ukuthi uzongibamba yini." Ama-prototypes alo mdlalo anzima kakhulu ukuwathola ngenxa yobunkimbinkimbi bawo. Nokho, izingane, ikakhulukazi izingane eziyimilutha yotshwala, ngokuvamile zenza imigilingwane enjengeyeZidakwa. Lapho zidlala elithi Ake Ubone Uma Uyangibamba, izingane ziqamba amanga, zifihle izinto, zicele izinkulumo ezinyundelayo, noma zifune abantu abangazisiza. Bathola, isibonelo, umakhelwane onomusa owaba ama-handouts, njll.
I-self-flagellation kuleli cala, njengokungathi, kuhlehliselwa enkathini yakamuva.
I-paradigm yezenhlalakahle: Umuntu omdala - Omdala; Umuntu omdala: «Ngitshele ukuthi ucabangani ngempela ngami, noma ungisize ngiyeke ukuphuza»;
Umuntu omdala: "Ngizokhuluma iqiniso kuwe."
I-paradigm yengqondo: Umzali - Ingane; Ingane: "Ake sibone ukuthi ungangimisa yini"; Umzali: "Kufanele uyeke ukuphuza ngoba..."
Iyanyakaza: 1) ukucasulwa — ukumangalelwa noma intethelelo; 2) ukuzitika - intukuthelo noma ukukhungatheka.
Imivuzo:
- kwengqondo yangaphakathi - a) ukuphuza njengenqubo - ukuhlubuka, induduzo, ukwaneliseka kwesifiso; b) «Alcohol» njengoba umdlalo — self-flagellation;
- ezengqondo zangaphandle - ukugwema ubulili nezinye izinhlobo zokusondelana;
- social social — «Ake sibone ukuthi ungangimisa yini»;
- kwangaphandle social — ukuzilibazisa «Ngakusasa ekuseni», «Cocktail», njll;
- biological — ukushintshana okuhlukile kokubonisa uthando nentukuthelo;
- existential - "Wonke umuntu ufuna ukungicasula."