Usizo lokuqala lwemizimba yangaphandle endlebeni

Umzimba wangaphandle ongene endlebeni unemvelaphi ye-inorganic kanye ne-organic. Umuthi (amaphilisi, amaphilisi) kanye nepulaki yesulfure evamile ingaba into yangaphandle. I-sulphur esesimweni se-stony conglomerate enemiphetho emagebhugebhu idala ubuhlungu obukhulu futhi ibangele ukungezwa. Ngokuvamile, lapho umzimba wangaphandle ungena emgodini wokuzwa wangaphandle, ukusabela kokuvuvukala kwenzeka futhi ubomvu buqoqa uma bungasuswa ngesikhathi.

Ngokulimaza izicubu zesitho sokuzwa, umzimba wangaphandle ungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu, ngakho-ke usizo lokuqala oluphuthumayo luyisibopho. Umuntu angakwazi ukukhipha ezinye izinto endlebeni eyedwa, ngisho nangaphandle kwemfundo yezokwelapha. Kodwa ngokuvamile umzamo wokukhipha umzimba wangaphandle ukhulisa inkinga futhi ulimaze umsele we-osteochondral. Kungcono ukungaphendukeli ekuzisizeni, kodwa ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha oluqeqeshiwe.

Izici zemizimba yangaphandle engena esithweni sokuzwa

Umzimba wangaphandle wendlebe yinto engene kumsele wokuzwa wangaphandle, umgodi wendlebe yangaphakathi noma ephakathi. Izinto eziye zaphelela esithweni sokuzwa kungaba: izingxenye zensiza yokuzwa; i-earwax; ama-microorganisms aphilayo; izinambuzane; izitshalo; uboya bekotini; i-plasticine; iphepha; amathoyizi ezingane ezincane; amatshe nokunye.

Into yangaphandle endlebeni ibangela ubuhlungu obukhulu, ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube khona: ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa; isicanucanu; hlanza; isiyezi; ukuquleka; umuzwa wokucindezela endlebeni yendlebe. Kungenzeka ukuxilonga ukungena kwento yangaphandle emgodini we-osteochondral usebenzisa inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-otoscopy kwezokwelapha. Into yangaphandle isuswa ngezindlela ezahlukene, ukukhetha kwendlela kunqunywa imingcele nokuma komzimba. Kunezindlela ezintathu ezaziwayo zokukhipha into endlebeni: ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa; ukususwa usebenzisa amathuluzi ayisisekelo; ukuwasha.

Otolaryngologists bahlukanisa izinto zangaphandle zendlebe zibe ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Ngokuvamile, izinto zangaphandle zingaphandle - zingena emgodini wesitho kusukela ngaphandle. Izinto ezitholakala ku-canal indlebe zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili: inert (izinkinobho, amathoyizi, izingxenye ezincane, ipulasitiki yegwebu) futhi iphile (izibungu, izimpukane, omiyane, amaphela).

Izimpawu ezikhombisa ukuthi into engaziwa ingenile endlebeni

Ngokuvamile, imizimba engenzi lutho ingahlala endlebeni isikhathi eside futhi ingabangeli ubuhlungu nokungakhululeki, kodwa ngenxa yobukhona bayo esithweni, umuzwa wokuminyana uyenzeka, ukuzwa kuncipha futhi ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa kuyathuthuka. Ekuqaleni, lapho into ingena endlebeni, umuntu angezwa ukuba khona kwayo emgodini wendlebe lapho egijima, ehamba, egoba noma eceleni.

Uma isinambuzane sisendaweni ye-osteochondral, ukunyakaza kwayo kuzocasula umgudu wezindlebe futhi kubangele ukungakhululeki. Imizimba yangaphandle ephilayo ivame ukubangela ukulunywa okukhulu, ukushisa endlebeni futhi kudinga usizo lokuqala olusheshayo.

Ingqikithi yosizo lokuqala lapho umzimba wangaphandle ungena emgodini wendlebe

Indlela ejwayeleke kakhulu yokususa into yangaphandle endlebeni iwukuhlanza. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uzodinga amanzi afudumele ahlanzekile, isisombululo se-boron esingu-XNUMX%, i-potassium permanganate, i-furatsilin kanye nesirinji elahlwayo. Ngesikhathi sokukhwabanisa, uketshezi oluvela kusipetu lukhishwa kahle kakhulu ukuze lungabangeli ukulimala komshini ku-eardrum. Uma kukhona izinsolo zokulimala kwe-membrane, kuvinjelwe ngokuphelele ukuhlanza isitho.

Esimeni lapho isinambuzane sinamathele endlebeni, isidalwa esiphilayo kufanele singanyakazi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amaconsi angu-7-10 e-glycerin, utshwala noma amafutha athululelwa emgodini wezindlebe, khona-ke into engenalutho ikhishwa esithweni ngokugeza umsele. Izinto zezitshalo ezinjengophizi, imidumba noma ubhontshisi kufanele ziphelelwe amanzi ngesixazululo se-boron esingu-XNUMX% ngaphambi kokususwa. Ngaphansi kwethonya le-boric acid, umzimba obanjwe uzoba mncane ngevolumu futhi kuyoba lula ukuwususa.

Kunqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukususa into yangaphandle ngezinto ezithuthukisiwe, njengomentshisi, izinaliti, izikhonkwane noma izikhonkwane zezinwele. Ngenxa yalokhu kukhohlisa, umzimba wangaphandle ungangena ujule kumsele wokuzwa futhi ulimaze isigubhu sendlebe. Uma ukugeza ekhaya kungasebenzi, umuntu kufanele abonane nodokotela. Uma into yangaphandle ingene engxenyeni ye-bony yendlebe noma inamathele emgodini we-tympanic, ingasuswa kuphela uchwepheshe ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kokuhlinzwa.

Uma umzimba wangaphandle ungena ujule esithweni sokuzwa, kunengozi enkulu yokulimala:

• i-tympanic cavity kanye ne-membrane;
• ithubhu lokuzwa;
• indlebe ephakathi, kuhlanganise ne-antrum;
• inzwa yobuso.

Ngenxa yokuhlukumezeka endlebeni, kunengozi yokopha kakhulu ku-bulb ye-jugular vein, sinuses ye-venous noma umthambo we-carotid. Ngemuva kokuphuma kwegazi, ukuphazamiseka kwemisebenzi ye-vestibular kanye ne-auditory kuvame ukuvela, ngenxa yalokho kwakheka imisindo enamandla endlebeni, i-vestibular ataxia kanye ne-autonomic reaction.

Udokotela uzokwazi ukuhlonza ukulimala kwendlebe ngemva kokutadisha umlando wezokwelapha, izikhalazo zesiguli, ukwenza i-otoscopy, ama-x-ray nokunye ukuxilonga. Ukuze ugweme izinkinga eziningi (i-hemorrhage, ukulimala kwe-intracranial, i-sepsis), isiguli silaliswa esibhedlela futhi kwenziwa inkambo ekhethekile yokwelashwa.

Usizo lokuqala lomzimba wangaphandle ongaphili endlebeni

Izinto ezincane azibangeli ubuhlungu obukhulu nokungahambi kahle, ngakho-ke, uma zitholwa, inqubo yokususa izoba cishe ingenabuhlungu. Izinto ezinkulu zivimba ukudlula kwamaza omsindo ngeshubhu lokuzwa futhi zibangele ukungezwa. Into yangaphandle enamakhona abukhali ngokuvamile ilimaza isikhumba sendlebe kanye ne-tympanic cavity, ngaleyo ndlela ibangele ubuhlungu nokopha. Uma kukhona isilonda esithweni, ukutheleleka kungena kuwo futhi ukuvuvukala kwendlebe ephakathi kwenzeka.

Ngosizo lokuqala lwezokwelapha lapho umzimba wangaphandle ongaphili ungena esithweni sokuzwa, kufanele uxhumane ne-otolaryngologist. Okokuqala, udokotela uhlola umsele wangaphandle wokuzwa: ngesandla esisodwa, udokotela udonsa i-auricle futhi ayiqondise phezulu bese ebuyela emuva. Lapho uhlola ingane encane, i-otolaryngologist ishintsha igobolondo lendlebe phansi, bese libuyela emuva.

Uma isiguli siphendukela kuchwepheshe ngosuku lwesibili noma lwesithathu lokugula, ukubonwa kwento yangaphandle kuyoba nzima kakhulu futhi i-microotoscopy noma i-otoscopy ingadingeka. Uma isiguli sinokukhishwa, khona-ke ukuhlaziywa kwabo kwe-bacteriological kanye ne-microscopy kwenziwa. Uma into ingena emgodini wendlebe ngokulimala esithweni, uchwepheshe ubeka i-x-ray.

Akufanelekile ukuzama ukususa umzimba wangaphandle ngokwakho, ngaphandle kwamathuluzi adingekayo oyinyumba nolwazi lwezokwelapha. Uma umzamo ongalungile wenziwa ukususa into engaphili, umuntu angalimaza umsele we-osteochondral futhi awuthelele nakakhulu.

Indlela elula yokukhipha into esithweni sokuzwa ukugeza ngokwelapha. Udokotela ushisisa amanzi, bese ewadonsa esipeni esilahlwayo esine-cannula. Okulandelayo, uchwepheshe ufaka ukuphela kwe-cannula epayipini lokuzwa futhi uthele amanzi ngaphansi kwengcindezi encane. I-otolaryngologist ingenza inqubo kusukela ku-1 kuya ku-4 izikhathi. Eminye imithi ngendlela yezixazululo ingangezwa emanzini ajwayelekile. Uma uketshezi luhlala emgodini wendlebe, kufanele lukhishwe nge-turunda. Ukukhwabanisa kuyavinjelwa uma ibhethri, umzimba omncane futhi oyisicaba unamathele kumsele wokuzwa wangaphandle, ngoba angangena ajule endlebeni ngaphansi kwengcindezi.

Udokotela angakwazi ukususa into yangaphandle ngosizo lwe-ear hook evunguza ngemuva kwayo futhi ikhiphe esithweni. Ngesikhathi senqubo, ukubhekwa okubonakalayo kufanele kwenziwe. Uma isiguli singenabuhlungu obukhulu, khona-ke into ingasuswa ngaphandle kwe-anesthesia. Iziguli ezincane zinikezwa i-anesthesia jikelele.

Lapho kuqedwa ukukhwabanisa, lapho into isuswa emgodini we-osteochondral, i-otolaryngologist yenza ukuhlolwa kwesibili kwesitho. Uma uchwepheshe ethola amanxeba esithweni sokuzwa, kufanele aphathwe ngesisombululo se-boron noma ezinye izidakamizwa zokubulala amagciwane. Ngemva kokukhipha umzimba wangaphandle, udokotela ubeka amafutha endlebe e-antibacterial.

Ngokuvuvukala okukhulu nokuvuvukala komsele we-osteochondral, into ayikwazi ukususwa. Kufanele ulinde izinsuku ezimbalwa, lapho isiguli kufanele sithathe imithi elwa nokuvuvukala, i-antibacterial kanye ne-decongestant. Uma into yangaphandle ingakwazi ukususwa endlebeni ngezinsimbi nangezindlela ezihlukahlukene, i-otolaryngologist iphakamisa ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa.

Ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo uma kwenzeka umzimba ophilayo wangaphandle ungena esithweni sokuzwa

Lapho into ephilayo yangaphandle ingena endlebeni, iqala ukunyakaza emgodini wezindlebe, ngaleyo ndlela inikeze umuntu ubuhlungu obukhulu. Isiguli, ngenxa yokungenisa isinambuzane, siqala isicanucanu, isiyezi nokuhlanza. Izingane ezincane ziyaquleka. I-Otoscopy ivumela ukuxilonga into ephilayo esithweni.

I-otolaryngologist kuqala ivimbela isinambuzane ngamaconsi ambalwa e-ethyl alcohol noma imithi esekelwe emafutheni. Okulandelayo, inqubo yokugeza i-bone-cartilaginous canal yenziwa. Uma ukukhwabanisa kubonakale kungasebenzi, udokotela ususa isinambuzane ngehhuku noma ama-tweezers.

Ukususwa kwe-Sulfur Plug

Ukwakheka ngokweqile kwesibabule kwenzeka ngenxa yokwanda kokukhiqizwa kwayo, ukugoba komsele we-osteochondral, nokungahlanzeki kwezindlebe okungafanele. Lapho ipulaki yesulfure ivela, umuntu unomuzwa wokuminyana esithweni sokuzwa nokucindezela okwandisiwe. Lapho ukhokho uhlangana nesigubhu sendlebe, umuntu angase aphazanyiswe umsindo esithweni. Umzimba wangaphandle ungatholwa ngokuhlola i-otolaryngologist noma ngokwenza i-otoscopy.

Kungcono ukususa ipulaki yesulfure ngudokotela onolwazi. Ngaphambi kokugeza, isiguli kufanele siconse amaconsi ambalwa e-peroxide endlebeni izinsuku ezingu-2-3 ngaphambi kokuqala kokukhwabanisa ukuze kuthambise isigaxa sesulfuric futhi kube lula ukukhipha kwayo okwengeziwe. Uma lokhu kungalethi imiphumela, udokotela usebenzisa ithuluzi lokususa into yangaphandle.

Usizo lokuqala lomzimba wangaphandle endlebeni kufanele lunikezwe i-otolaryngologist efanelekayo ngemva kokuhlolwa okuningiliziwe kanye nocwaningo olufanele. Ukukhethwa kwendlela yokukhipha into yangaphandle iwela emahlombe kadokotela. Uchwepheshe akakhathaleli kuphela ubukhulu, izici kanye nokuma komzimba ongene emgodini wezindlebe, kodwa futhi nezintandokazi zesiguli. Ukukhipha into endlebeni ngokuhlanza kuyindlela yokwelapha emnene kakhulu, okuyinto ku-90% yamacala kusiza ukuqeda inkinga. Uma ukugezwa kokwelapha kungasebenzi, udokotela uncoma ukususa umzimba wangaphandle ngezinsimbi noma ukuhlinzwa. Ukuhlinzekwa ngesikhathi sokunakekelwa okuphuthumayo kungavimbela ukuvela kwezinkinga nezinkinga zokuzwa esikhathini esizayo.