Izingane ziyakuthanda ukuhlela okusanhlamvu, ukuthinta amatshe amatshe, izinkinobho. Le misebenzi ayisizi nje kuphela ukufunda ngezwe, kodwa futhi ibe nomthelela omuhle enkulumweni, emcabangweni nasengqondweni yengane.
Amakhono amahle emoto ayinhlanganisela eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ehlanganiswe kahle yezinhlelo zezinzwa, zamathambo kanye nemisipha, ngenxa yokuthi singakwazi ukwenza ukunyakaza okuqondile ngezandla. Ngamanye amazwi, lokhu ukuthunjwa kwezinto ezincane, nokuphatha isipuni, imfoloko, ummese. Amakhono amahle emoto abalulekile lapho sibophela izinkinobho ejazini, sibopha izintambo zezicathulo, i-embroider, sibhala. Kungani ibalulekile nendlela yokuyithuthukisa?
Ubuchopho bethu bungafaniswa ne-computer eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ihlaziya ulwazi oluvela ezithweni zezinzwa nezitho zangaphakathi, yakha amandla okuphendula kanye nokusabela kokuziphatha, inesibopho sokucabanga, ukukhuluma, ikhono lokufunda nokubhala, kanye nekhono lokusungula.
Cishe ingxenye yesithathu ye-cerebral cortex inesibopho sokuthuthukiswa kwamakhono emoto yezandla. Lesi sithathu sitholakala eduze nesikhungo sokukhuluma. Yingakho amakhono amahle emisipha ehlobene eduze nenkulumo.
Lapho umntwana esebenza kakhulu ngeminwe yakhe, ngcono amakhono amahle okunyakaza kwezandla nenkulumo. Akuyona ize ukuthi eRussia sekuyisikhathi eside kuyisiko ukufundisa izingane ukudlala ngeminwe kusukela zisencane. Cishe wonke umuntu uyazi "Ladushki", "Magpie-white-sided". Ngisho nangemva kokugezwa, izandla zomntwana zisulwa ngethawula, njengokungathi uphulula umunwe ngamunye.
Uma ungathuthukisi amakhono emoto amahle, inkulumo ngeke ihlupheke kuphela, kodwa futhi nendlela yokunyakaza, isivinini, ukunemba, amandla, ukuxhumana.
Kuphinde kuthinte ukwakheka kwe-logic, amakhono okucabanga, ukuqinisa inkumbulo, ukuqeqesha ukubuka, umcabango kanye nokuxhumana. Ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono amahle emoto kubonakala ezifundweni zengane futhi kunendima ebalulekile ekulungiseleleni isikole.
Ikhono lokwenza izenzo ezithile lihlobene eduze neminyaka yengane. Ufunda ikhono elilodwa futhi kuphela lapho engakwazi ukufunda okuthile okusha, ngakho-ke izinga lokwakhiwa kwamakhono emoto kufanele libonwe.
- 0-Izinyanga eziyi-4: ingane iyakwazi ukuxhumanisa ukunyakaza kwamehlo, izama ukufinyelela izinto ngezandla zayo. Uma ekwazi ukuthatha ithoyizi, khona-ke ukukhama kwebhulashi kwenzeka ngokuguquguqukayo.
- Izinyanga ezi-4 - unyaka ongu-1: ingane ingakwazi ukushintsha izinto ukusuka esandleni iye esandleni, yenza izenzo ezilula njengokuvula amakhasi. Manje usengakwazi ukubamba ngisho ubuhlalu obuncane ngeminwe emibili.
- Iminyaka engu-1-2: ukunyakaza kuqiniseka ngokwengeziwe, ingane isebenzisa umunwe wenkomba ngokuqhubekayo, amakhono okudweba okuqala avela (amachashazi, imibuthano, imigqa). Ingane isiyazi kakade ukuthi yisiphi isandla esilungele ukudweba nokuthatha isipuni.
- Iminyaka engu-2-3: amakhono ezandla zezandla avumela ingane ukuba ibambe isikelo kanye nephepha lokusika. Indlela yokudweba iyashintsha, ingane ibamba ipensela ngendlela ehlukile, ingadweba izibalo.
- Iminyaka engu-3-4: ingane idonsa ngokuzethemba, ingasika ishidi ngomugqa odwetshiwe. Usevele wanquma isandla esikhonyayo, kodwa emidlalweni usebenzisa yomibili. Ngokushesha uzofunda ukubamba ipeni nepensela njengomuntu omdala.
- 4-Iminyaka engu-5: ngenkathi idweba futhi ifaka umbala, ingane ayinyakazi ingalo yonke, kodwa ibhulashi kuphela. Ukunyakaza kunembe kakhudlwana, ngakho ukusika into ephepheni noma ukufaka umbala esithombeni ngaphandle kokushiya uhlaka akusenzima kangako.
- 5-Iminyaka engu-6: ingane ibamba ipeni ngeminwe emithathu, idweba imininingwane emincane, iyakwazi ukusebenzisa isikelo.
Uma amakhono amahle emoto engathuthukisiwe, inkulumo ngeke ihlupheke kuphela, kodwa futhi inqubo yokunyakaza, isivinini, ukunemba, amandla, nokuxhumana. Izingane zanamuhla, njengomthetho, azinawo amakhono emoto amahle kakhulu, ngoba akuvamile ukuthi zibophe izinkinobho futhi zibophe izintambo zezicathulo. Izingane azihileleki kangako emisebenzini yasekhaya nasemsebenzini wokuthunga.
Uma ingane inenkinga yokubhala nokudweba futhi abazali abakwazi ukumsiza, lokhu kuyisizathu sokufuna iseluleko sochwepheshe. Ubani ozosiza? Ukwephulwa kwamakhono amahle emoto kungase kuhlotshaniswe nezinkinga zesimiso sezinzwa kanye nezifo ezithile, okudinga ukubonisana nodokotela wezinzwa. Ungase futhi ufune iseluleko kuthisha-defectologist kanye nenkulumo Therapist.
Mayelana Nonjiniyela
Elvira Gusakova – Teacher-defectologist of the City Psychological and Pedagogical Centre.