Kulolu shicilelo, sizocubungula enye yethiyori edume kakhulu kwizibalo - Ithiyori yokugcina kaFermat, eyathola igama layo ngokuhlonipha isazi sezibalo esingumFulentshi uPierre de Fermat, owasiqamba ngendlela evamile ngo-1637.
Isitatimende sethiyori
Kunoma iyiphi inombolo engokwemvelo n > 2 isibalo:
an + bn =cn
ayinazo izixazululo kuma-integer angewona uziro a, b и c.
Umlando wokuthola ubufakazi
Naphezu kokuklanywa okulula kweTheorem Yokugcina kaFermat ezingeni le-arithmetic yesikole elula, ukufuna ubufakazi bayo kwathatha iminyaka engaphezu kuka-350. Lokhu kwenziwa yibo bobabili izazi zezibalo ezivelele nezimfundamakhwela, yingakho kunenkolelo yokuthi i-theorem ingumholi ngenani lobufakazi obungalungile. Ngenxa yalokho, isazi sezibalo saseNgilandi nesiseMelika u-Andrew John Wiles kwaba nguyena owakwazi ukufakazela lokho. Lokhu kwenzeka ngo-1994, futhi imiphumela yanyatheliswa ngo-1995.
Emuva ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX, imizamo yokuthola ubufakazi bayo n = 3 yenziwa ngu-Abu Mahmud Hamid ibn al-Khizr al-Khojandi, isazi sezibalo saseTajik nesazi sezinkanyezi. Nokho, imisebenzi yakhe ayizange iqhubeke kuze kube namuhla.
UFermat ngokwakhe wafakazela i-theoem kuphela n = 4, okuphakamisa imibuzo ethile mayelana nokuthi wayenabo yini ubufakazi obuvamile.
Futhi ubufakazi theorem ezihlukahlukene n uphakamise izazi zezibalo ezilandelayo:
- ngoba n = 3People: Leonhard Euler (Swiss, German and mathematician and mechanic) in 1770;
- ngoba n = 5Abantu: UJohann Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet (isazi sezibalo saseJalimane) no-Adrien Marie Legendre (isazi sezibalo saseFrance) ngo-1825;
- ngoba n = 7: UGabriel Lame (isazi sezibalo saseFrance, umakhenikha, isazi sefiziksi kanye nonjiniyela);
- ngoba konke elula n <100 (ngaphandle okungenzeka kube yiziqalo ezingajwayelekile 37, 59, 67): U-Ernst Eduard Kummer (Isazi sezibalo saseJalimane).