â € ​ â € ‹â€‹ â € ‹â€‹ â € ‹Alexander Gordon: … imibuzo efanayo ethinta izethameli. Kodwa ake siqale phansi noma kunjalo. Ukwenzelani lokhu?
ML Butovskaya: Kumele kushiwo ukuthi isihloko sothando, ngokwesayensi, singaphezu kobunzima. Kumuntu ovamile, kubonakala sengathi konke kucacile, njengoba ehlala ehlangabezana nalesi simo empilweni yakhe. Kuzazi ze-physics, kukhona isilingo sokuhumusha yonke into ibe amafomula namasu athile, kodwa kimi le ntshisekelo ixhunywe nokuphendula umbuzo wokuthi, empeleni, uthando lwavela kanjani. Mhlawumbe, iningi labalandeli bobuntu manje abasibhekile bazothi yonke into ngokuvamile ayaziwa, ukuthi lwalukhona yini uthando kusukela ekuqaleni kokuzalwa kwesintu. Mhlawumbe kwavela endaweni ethile eNkathini Ephakathi, lapho kwavela umqondo wothando lothando, imiqhudelwano yama-knightly, ukufuna inkosikazi yenhliziyo, ukunqotshwa kwale nkosikazi.
Alexander Gordon: Futhi Iculo Lezingoma..
ML Butovskaya: Yebo, yebo, kunjalo. Ngizosho ukuthi empeleni, abantu bathanda kuwo wonke amasiko, nakuba ukubonakaliswa kothando kuhlukile, futhi abameleli besinye isiko bangase bangabaqondi. Futhi yonke imiphakathi eyaziwa namuhla, kusukela kubazingeli-abaqoqi kuya emphakathini wethu wangemuva kwezimboni, ngokwemvelo iyazi ukuthi uthando luyini. Ngakho uthando lungokwemvelo kumuntu, uthando lumlandela ezithendeni zakhe, uthando lubi, uthando luhle, uthando, ekugcineni, ukuqhubeka kwempilo. Okungukuthi, uma lungekho uthando, akukho-ke ukuzala, akukho ukuzala kwezinhlobo zezilwane, futhi umuntu uyala ukuba aphile isikhathi eside njengesinye isilwane esifayo emhlabeni. Ngakho-ke, ngokuyisisekelo, ngokusobala, kuyadingeka ukuphakamisa umbuzo - futhi yilokhu thina, okungukuthi, abacwaningi be-ethology yabantu - esakwenza esikhathini sethu - kungani uthando ludingeka ngokombono wokulondoloza isintu.
Alexander Gordon: Manje ukhuluma nge-Homo sapiens. Futhi zonke lezi zinganekwane ezidumile mayelana nokwethembeka kwe-swan, mayelana nokudala amapheya angapheli kwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane. Okungukuthi, noma uthando lutholakala kumuntu kuphela.
ML Butovskaya: Yiqiniso, lona omunye umbuzo othakazelisayo izazi ze-ethology ezizama ukuwuxazulula. Okokuqala, ake sibhekane nombuzo wokuthi kwenzeka nini ukuziphatha kocansi? Akuveli ngokushesha, ekuqaleni kokuvela kwezwe eliphilayo eMhlabeni, ukuziphatha kobulili kwakungekho. Khumbula ukuthi i-protozoa izala ngokwesondo, ngokuvamile ngokufission okulula. Kodwa ukukhiqizwa kwe-asexual kuthathelwa indawo ukukhiqizwa ngokocansi. Kusabalele ngokwedlulele futhi kuyinto eqhubekayo futhi ebalulekile ekuziphendukeleni kwemvelo. Akukhona nje ukuqondana ukuthi izinhlobo zezilwane ezithuthuke kakhulu sezivele zenza ubulili. Ngakho-ke, kunesikhathi lapho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi siyathanda noma cha, kukhona ubulili, kodwa abukho uthando (kungani sigcizelela ukuthi uthando alukho ezigabeni zokuqala zokuthuthukiswa kokuzalana ngokobulili kuzocaca kusukela engxoxweni elandelayo ).
Alexander Gordon: Ubulili be-Chromosomal.
ML Butovskaya: Ngakho-ke, ngokomthetho, kufanele sithi kuphela esigabeni esithile sokuziphendukela kwemvelo lapho kuvela okuthile okungabizwa ngokuthi uthando. Yini engabizwa ngokuthi uthando? Ukunamathela komunye nomunye, ngoba, njengoba ngike ngakutshela, ubulili nothando yizinto ezihluke ngokuphelele. Futhi, ake sithi, kunezilwane, izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlanzi ngisho nezinyoni, isibonelo, ogolantethe, abanamabhangqa, umbhangqwana ozinzile. Futhi ngaphandle kungase kubonakale sengathi ogolantethe bangabalingani abathembekile nabamnene kunabo bonke. Kodwa-ke, empeleni, umshado wabo usekelwe ekunamatheleni esidlekeni esifanayo (okungukuthi, abashadile baboshwe esidlekeni, hhayi komunye nomunye). Mhlawumbe ngizoze ngicasule abanye ababukeli abanothando lwezothando ngithi onogolantethe ababoni ngisho umaqondana wabo ngokubona. Abazi kangangoba uma ushintsha unogolantethe ngephutha, umngane womshado ngeke aze asole ukuthi kukhona umkokotelo owenziwe. Futhi uma entwasahlobo unogolantethe ongaziwa efika esidlekeni ngaphambi komfazi osemthethweni, khona-ke owesilisa ngeke abone lutho. Yiqiniso, umfazi ongokomthetho, lapho ebuya, uzobuyisela amalungelo akhe esakhiweni, futhi kowesilisa (ngaphandle uma, yiqiniso, uhlala ephila ngemva kwendiza enzima).
Alexander Gordon: Okusho ukuthi, kanye ekhaya, bese kuba owami.
ML Butovskaya: Yebo. Konke, akukho okunye, akukho okunamathiselwe nemizwa. Ngakho-ke, kuvela ukuthi kuphela lapho ukuqashelwa komuntu siqu nothando lomuntu siqu luvela khona, uthando luyavela. Isibonelo, amahansi ampunga, u-K. Lawrence abhala ngawo okuningi, ngokusobala azi ukuthi uthando luyini. Babona abalingani babo ngokubukeka nangezwi futhi banenkumbulo eyingqayizivele yesithombe "somthandi". Ngisho nangemva kokuhlukana isikhathi eside, abashadile bakhetha uthando lwakudala. Yiqiniso, izinkawu zinothando. Laba kungase kube imibhangqwana eguquguqukayo, bangase bangachithi ukuphila kwabo konke ndawonye, bangase bangahlali beshadile nomlingani ofanayo, kodwa futhi kukhona okuthandwayo okuhlukile ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Futhi lezi zintandokazi ziyaphikelela. Labo abathandanayo bachitha isikhathi esiningi ndawonye, ngisho nangaphandle kwenkathi yokuzalanisa.
Lapha, isibonelo, izinhlobo zezinkawu Zomhlaba Omdala Nomusha manje sezivela esikrinini. Isibonelo, i-titi manje iboniswa, abachitha impilo yabo yonke emibhangqwaneni eshadile, ndawonye. Kusobala ukuthi iduna nensikazi bayaqaphelana, banamathelene futhi balangazelela ukufa komngane wabo womshado. Ngamanye amazwi, bayathandana. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi siyakufuna noma cha, ngeke kubizwe ngokuthi yini enye ngaphandle kothando. Futhi lolu thando luyindalo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo. Futhi manje kuboniswa ama-tamarin egolide. Izinhlelo zezenhlalakahle lapho amapheya ahlala e-monogamous ehlala njalo ahlotshaniswa nezici zokuphila kanye nokuzala kwezinhlobo ezithile ze-primate. Izinkawu Zezwe Elisha zivame ukuzala amawele, futhi ukuze abasha baphile, imizamo eqhubekayo kamama nobaba iyadingeka. Ubaba uthwala, ondle futhi avikele amawundlu ngokulingana nensikazi: ezinkambini, ukuzinikela kwabesilisa okunjalo akuvamile. Kuvele ukuthi uthando luyaguquguquka ukuze kuvikeleke ubuhlobo obuhlala njalo phakathi kweduna nensikazi futhi ngaleyo ndlela kunikeze ithuba elikhulu lokusinda kwenzalo.
Lapho, ake sithi, ukubhanqa okuhlala njalo kungekho khona, njengasezimfene, umuntu angabona futhi izinto azithandayo phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane abambalwa nabesifazane abanabangane abambalwa besilisa. Yiqiniso, ukukhwelana kwenzeka, ngokuvamile, ngokungapheli, kukhona isilinganiso esithile sokuziphatha okuxekethile. Nokho, lapho eqaphelisisa, umuntu angaqaphela ukuthi iduna elithile livame ukwabelana ngenyama nensikazi ethile kanye newundlu layo, noma lidlala newundlu elithile. Kwezinye izimo, njenge-gorilla, le nto iyenzeka, kukhona ubudlelwano obuqhubekayo phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane abaningana, futhi lokhu kuwuthando. Izinsikazi ziyaqhudelana, azithandani, kodwa zonke zinamathele endodeni, futhi zonke zihambisana nale ndoda ngokuthanda kwayo. Uma ishwa lehlela owesilisa, bayadabuka futhi bawele ekucindezelekeni okuqondile. Ezimweni ze-polygyny, uthando lungenzeka futhi.
Ngakho, ngokusobala, akulungile ukuphakamisa umbuzo wokuthi uthando lwavela nini futhi kanjani kumuntu? Ayizange ivele, yatholwa ngokhokho bakhe abayizilwane futhi yathuthukiswa ngesisekelo esiqinile. Futhi, cishe, bonke lobu budlelwane obuhlala njalo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izithandani noma ubuhlobo obuhlobene namalungu amaningana abobulili obuhlukile, bonke buhlangene nesidingo sokunakekela inzalo. Emadlozini omuntu, iwundlu lalizalwa lingakhuli kahle noma lingakhuliswanga kahle, kwakufanele linakekelwe, babedingeka bobabili ubaba nomama. Uma kwakukhona umama oyedwa kuphela, ngakho-ke, ngokufanele, amathuba okusinda kwamawundlu ayecishe ancishiswe abe ngu-zero. Ngakho-ke kuvela ukuthi ekuqaleni, yithi, umugqa we-hominin, okungukuthi, umugqa owaholela kumuntu, amapheya athile ahlala njalo, aqinile noma aqinile aqala ukwakha. Kodwa ukukhuluma ngokuthi kwakuwubuhlobo bomuntu oyedwa yini, njengoba, ngokwesibonelo, kuboniswe lapha, ngoba kwakuwumqondo womunye wezazi zesayensi yesintu owafunda i-Australopithecus (Lovejoy), noma ukuthi kwakuwubuhlobo besithembu—a. owesilisa nabesifazane abambalwa, lo mbuzo usalokhu uyimpikiswano futhi useyimfihlakalo. Nakuba ezinye izingxoxo mayelana nalokhu zingase zenziwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngicabanga, sizophinde sikhulume ngalokhu kulolu hlelo.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi, ngokomthetho, lonke uhlelo lobudlelwane bothando luboshwe enganeni kanye nokukhiqiza ngokujwayelekile. Iqiniso liwukuthi kukhona i-biochemical eyinkimbinkimbi, uhlangothi lwe-physiological yothando - uhlangothi lothando maqondana nendoda noma owesilisa ngomqondo obanzi, uma sikhuluma ngezilwane, kanye nohlangothi lothando oluqondiswe enganeni. . Lapho umntwana ezalwa, izinqubo zomzimba eziyinkimbinkimbi zenzeka emzimbeni wowesifazane ezishukumisa uthando lwakhe ngomntwana. Nokho, owesifazane uqala ukuthanda ingane ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ngisho nalapho esesibelethweni (futhi kusukela emasontweni okuqala okukhulelwa, izibopho eziseduze ziyasungulwa phakathi kukamama nomntwana). Ubaba akahloselwe ukuthanda ingane ezingeni le-physiological, uthando lwakhe lwakhiwe ngesikhathi sokuxhumana nomntwana. Kumelwe anakekele ingane futhi ahlale ekhuluma naye, khona-ke kuphela umuzwa wokunamathela enganeni ufika futhi uthando luyasungulwa.
Sekungamakhulu eminyaka amaJapane azi ukuthi isibopho phakathi kukamama nomntwana sakheka esibelethweni. Nasi umbhalo omdala waseJapane obonisa imithetho yokuxhumana phakathi kowesifazane okhulelwe nomntwana osesibelethweni. Uyala ukuthi kufanele amfundise kanjani futhi amjwayeze imithetho yokuziphatha okuhle ngisho nangaphambi kokuzalwa. Ngokwemvelo, lokhu nakho akunikwa ubaba. Kodwa uma ubaba eseduze nomkakhe, okhulelwe, futhi emsiza, khona-ke uhlobo oluthile lwesimo sezulu esihle, esihle somntwana sisungulwa lapha.
Ngakho, sonke lesi simiso sothando, hhayi ubulili, kodwa uthando, sixhunywe nokugcinwa kobuhlobo obuqhubekayo, obuzinzile phakathi kowesifazane nowesilisa. Uthando alukho, yiqiniso, ngaphandle komhawu, ngoba, ngokomthetho, alukho uthando olungenalo ulaka, alukho uthando ngaphandle kokuncintisana phakathi kwabameleli bobulili obufanayo kumlingani wabo. Lokhu kunjalo ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezilwane. Futhi uBitstrup waqaphela isenzakalo esifanayo kwenye yezithombe zakhe zopopayi. Umlingani uba muhle kakhulu uma enentshisekelo kwamanye amalungu obulili obufana nobakho. Ake sithi indoda iqoma owesifazane bese eyaliwa. Kodwa lapho nje ebona ukuthi le ndoda isiphenduke into ethakazelisa abanye besifazane, ngokushesha igijimela ekulweleni lo mculi owaliwe. Kungani? Lena indaba ekhohlisayo. Eqinisweni, kunencazelo yesayensi kuphela yalokhu. Ngoba ngaphakathi komqondo wokukhetha ubulili kanye nokukhetha kwamasu ocansi, owesilisa nowesifazane, kune-paradigm ethile ngokusho ukuthi umuntu kufanele akhethe umlingani obalulekile kwabanye (ngokusobala unezici ezibalulekile abanye abameleli balolu hlobo olujahayo. ).
Alexander Gordon: Okungukuthi, ekhethwe ngabanye.
ML Butovskaya: Yebo, isimiso yilo: khetha umuntu othanda amalungu amaningi obulili obufanayo nawe, ngoba uthembekile kakhulu. Yebo, vele (sengiqalile ukukhuluma ngalokhu), kusukela ku-Australopithecus, kukhona uhlelo lwezintandokazi nokuxhumana phakathi kwamadoda nabesifazane, kodwa kukhona nokusabalalisa izindima. Futhi lokhu kusatshalaliswa kwezindima nakho kuhlobene ngokwengxenye nothando. Ngenxa yokuthi kukhona umndeni, kukhona ukuhlukaniswa komsebenzi: owesifazane uhlala enakekela izingane, ngoba ethwele lo mntwana, uchitha isikhathi esincane endaweni ethile ngaphandle kwendlu yakhe noma indawo yokuhlala ehlala njalo, uhlanganyela ekubutheni. Indoda ngumzingeli, indoda iletha inyamazane ekhaya.
Nakuba lapha isimo ngokuzingela akulula neze, ngoba kukhona umbuzo: kungani eletha le nyama? Emiphakathini eminingi yabazingeli, abesifazane yibona abondli abakhulu. Ziletha izimpande, izilwane ezincane ezizibambayo. Amadoda ahamba ayozingela alethe inyama. Futhi igujwa yiqembu lonke labazingeli njengohlobo lokunqoba. Eqinisweni, uma siphendukela ezihlotsheni zethu eziseduze - izimfene, sizobona ukuthi lapho, futhi, abesilisa bavame ukuthola inyama futhi bayithole hhayi nje ngoba iwukudla okumnandi, kodwa bayayithola ukuze bahehe abesifazane. Ezinsikazi zincenga le nyama, futhi abesilisa bathola ukufinyelela kwabesifazane abasabela kahle ocansini njengamanje ukuze bathole le nyama. Ngakho-ke, umbuzo wokuthi kungani umuntu ekwazi ukuzingela akulula kangako futhi akuyona i-banal. Mhlawumbe kwakuwuhlobo lokubonisa ukukhwelana ukuze kuhehe abesifazane futhi kusungulwe uhlobo oluthile lokuxhumana oluzinzile nabesifazane abathile, okungukuthi, nabesifazane bangaphambi komlando.
Alexander Gordon: Indlela eya enhliziyweni yowesifazane ingesisu sakhe.
ML Butovskaya: Yebo, sijwayele ukuthi indlela eya enhliziyweni yendoda ngesisu, kodwa eqinisweni, kowesifazane, ngesisu sakhe nasezinganeni zakhe. Ngokunokwenzeka, izingane, okokuqala, nakuba kuye, ngoba uma engakwazi ukuzala umbungu ngenxa yendlala, ngeke kube nezingane.
Futhi kungani, eqinisweni, amapheya angashintshi adingeka? Ngoba izilwane eziningi azinawo amapheya ahlala njalo, izinkawu ezinkulu (izimfene, ama-bonobos). Ngakho, ayadingeka ngoba umuntu uyelula isikhathi sokungakwazi ukuzisiza kosana. Ngokuphathelene nokuma okuqondile, ukubeletha kuba nzima kakhulu, ngoba ikhanda le-fetus lidlula emgodini wokuzalwa wowesifazane onenkinga enkulu. Konke lokhu kuhlobene nokuma okuqondile. Ngokuvamile, i-bipedalism yasilethela izinzuzo eziningi, futhi umuntu waba umuntu, cishe ngenxa yokuthi wema emilenzeni emibili, zonke ezinye izinguquko zaqhubeka zikhula. Futhi ngokuqondene nenkimbinkimbi nezinkinga ezihambisana nokuhamba okuqondile, lezi yizi: imisipha egulayo, wonke umuntu uhlushwa i-radiculitis, ukususwa kwe-vertebrae; futhi, kunjalo, ukubeletha. Ngoba akuvamile ukuthi kwenzeke ukuthi, sithi, inkawu yesifazane noma i-orangutan yesifazane ayikwazi ukuzala, kodwa ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka kumuntu, ngoba inhloko yewundlu, okungukuthi, ingane, inkulu kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yokuthi ngokuvamile inqubo yokubeletha kuyinqubo ebuhlungu ngempela futhi ende.
Ngakho-ke, umntwana uzalwa engakakhuli ngokuphelele, akakwazi ngisho nokunamathela kowesifazane ngendlela, ethi, infene esanda kuzalwa inamathele kunina. Ngakho-ke, umuntu kufanele anakekele owesifazane, othile kufanele abe eduze, kufanele kube indoda, futhi kufanele abophe le ndoda kuye ngandlela-thile. Angambopha kanjani kuye? Uthando kuphela, ngoba akekho ongabopha umuntu ngenkani noma ngokomsebenzi. Izazi eziningi ze-anthropologists zikholelwa ukuthi abantu bokuqala babengazi ukuthi izingane zivelaphi, futhi akekho owayenesithakazelo kuyise wangempela. Eqinisweni, ukuze wenze ngendlela eguquguqukayo, akudingekile neze ukuqaphela izizathu zangempela zokuziphatha okuthile. Izilwane zenza ngokwanele ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, futhi izenzo zazo azixhunywanga ngukwazi.
Ngicabanga ukuthi ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kwakha indlela ezinzile ngendlela yalolu thando lwebhayoloji, olwaqinisekisa ukuxhumana njalo kwamadoda nabesifazane, indoda eyodwa nowesifazane oyedwa noma indoda enabesifazane abambalwa, noma amadoda amaningana anowesifazane oyedwa, sizokhuluma ngalokhu. ngemva kwesikhashana. Kodwa iqiniso lihlala likhona. Lapho izingane zivela khona, kufanele kube khona uhlobo oluthile lokuxhumana okuhlala njalo, umbhangqwana noma abantu abambalwa bobulili obufanayo nobunye ubulili, okungukuthi, nobulili besifazane, ngoba ingane kufanele inakekelwe. Futhi lokhu kuhlala kuwuhlobo lwe-postulate, eye yasekelwa ukukhethwa kwezigidi zeminyaka. Lokhu, eqinisweni, kwakungomunye wemigqa ethembisayo eyayivumela umuntu ukuba asinde futhi asinde. Futhi lesi simo saqhubeka kwaze kwaba namuhla. Futhi izibopho zesikhathi eside phakathi kwendoda nowesifazane aziqinisekiswanga nje kuphela ngokuthi ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kwakhetha owesilisa nowesifazane abakhetha omunye nomunye, kodwa futhi nezici zobulili besilisa nabesifazane.
Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi kunezikhathi zokugqwala, ake sithi, ezinyamazaneni, noma izikhathi zokuzalanisa amaxoxo. Iningi lezinkawu, okungenani izinkawu ezinkulu, azinazo izikhathi zokuzalanisa, ziyakwazi ukuzala unyaka wonke. Lesi kwakuyisinyathelo sokuqala esibheke esimweni esenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukungaguquguquki othandweni. Ngoba lapha kwakukhona ukuhlangana kothando nobulili ohlelweni olulodwa olusondelene, oluhlangene. Ngoba, ake sithi, kumahansi ampunga afanayo, kunomehluko phakathi kothando nobulili. Abalingani emshadweni oboshwe yisifungo somshado, lokho okubizwa ngokuthi isikhalo sokunqoba, bayathandana. Banamathelene futhi bachitha isikhathi ndawonye ngaso sonke isikhathi, kodwa kunenkathi eyodwa kuphela yokuzalanisa ngonyaka, futhi bangena ebuhlotsheni bobulili phakathi nalesi sikhathi kuphela. Izinkawu, njengabantu, ziyakwazi ukuzala unyaka wonke, futhi zibe nobuhlobo bobulili unyaka wonke, hhayi kuphela lapho insikazi ivuma. Yiqiniso, kwezinye izimo, ngokwesibonelo, kuchazwa ama- bonobos (izimfene ze-pygmy), zingakhwelana futhi zijabulele ukukhwelana, ngisho nangaphandle kwesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwezinsikazi. Okusho ukuthi, ngamanye amazwi, imvelo inikeza ngosizo locansi lobu buhlobo kanye nesithakazelo ekuxhumaneni okungapheli phakathi kowesilisa nowesifazane.
Uma kungenzeka, sicela uhlaka olulandelayo. Manje sizobona, futhi lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu, ukuthi hhayi kuphela ukuziphatha kwabesilisa nabesifazane kwashintsha, ngokulandelana, kodwa ukubukeka kwabo kwashintsha, ngoba, ngokomthetho, owesifazane kuphela oye wahlakulela amabele nezinqulu. Izinkawu ezinkulu, ezisondelene kakhulu nathi ku-morphology yazo, empeleni, azinawo amabele, ngisho nalapho zincelisa usana. Kwabesilisa, lokhu kuyisignali ebalulekile, isignali ekhangayo. Futhi lokhu kuyinto eyadalwa ukuziphendukela kwemvelo, lapho umuntu ekhiwa, lapho esevele eshintshele endleleni yokuphila enemilenze emibili. Ukukhula kwebele lesifazane kwenza owesifazane wathandeka unomphela endodeni. Ngaphandle kwenkathi yokwamukela akukhanga kancane kunenkathi yokwamukela.
Isithombe esilandelayo, uma kungenzeka. Kufanele kushiwo ngezici ze-morphology yabesilisa kanye ne-physiology. Iqiniso liwukuthi kweminye imingcele, isibonelo, ubukhulu bama-testicles, indoda, ngokuyisisekelo, isondela kulezo zinkawu ezihola indlela yokuphila yesithembu, isibonelo, ama-gorilla. Kodwa-ke, amadoda anepipi elide, ngokuvamile alinawo ama-analogues uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinkawu ezinkulu. Futhi nansi enye imfihlakalo. Kungaba lula kakhulu ukumemezela umuntu ukuthi unesithembu okwathi ekuqaleni komlando wakhe, wathanda ukuphila impilo yabantu besifazane.
Kodwa izinto azilula kangako, ngoba le nduku ende kanye nekhono elishiwo lesidoda sowesilisa ukuncintisana, ukubulala isidoda esisebenzayo sembangi epheshaneni lesitho sangasese sowesifazane, cishe kubonisa ukuthi kwakukhona izimo ohlelweni lokuziphendukela kwemvelo, futhi zenzeka. ngokuvamile lapho ukuhlangana okuphindaphindiwe okuphindaphindiwe nowesifazane ofanayo ngabesilisa abambalwa. Kulokhu, owesilisa owinile (ukuba ubaba) nguye onesidoda esisebenza kakhulu futhi esikwazi ukubulala isidoda sembangi futhi sikhiphe lesi sidoda esithweni sangasese sowesifazane. Ngakho kukhona uhlobo lokulinganisa lapha.
Iqiniso liwukuthi emiphakathini yesimanje, ngokwemvelo, hhayi ezimbonini, kodwa emiphakathini yangaphambi kwezimboni, isimo siwukuthi cishe u-83% wawo wonke amasiko angamasiko lapho isithembu sivunyelwe, futhi isithembu sifana nesithembu, lapho kunabesifazane abambalwa. nomuntu oyedwa. Isimo esinjalo, kubonakala sengathi, sikhuluma ngohlelo oluthile lokuqala, mhlawumbe olukhethwayo, lapho indoda inabalingani abaningana unomphela. Kodwa-ke, kunengxenye yemiphakathi lapho ukushada komuntu oyedwa kukhona (16%), lokhu empeleni umphakathi ofana nomphakathi wethu waseRussia nanoma yimuphi umphakathi waseNtshonalanga. Kodwa futhi kukhona iphesenti elincane lemiphakathi, cishe amaphesenti angu-0,5 ayo yonke imiphakathi eyaziwayo, lapho i-polyandry yenziwa khona. Futhi lapho sikhuluma ngeqiniso lokuthi kukhona ukuxhumana phakathi kowesifazane oyedwa namadoda amaningana. Lokhu kwenzeka ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, lapho imvelo impofu kakhulu, futhi ngokuvamile la madoda ambalwa angabafowabo, kodwa lesi isimo esihlukile.
Kodwa-ke, ngifuna ukuveza ukuthi umuntu unqunyelwe izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuxhuma. Futhi usuka kolunye uhlobo lokuxhumana aye kolunye kalula, konke kuncike ekutheni isimo senhlalo, sezomnotho kanye nesemvelo sikhona kulesi simo. Ngakho-ke, labo abazama ukubuza izazi ze-ethology lo mbuzo uyobe unephutha: sasiyini isimiso sokuqala sobudlelwane bobulili phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane ekuqaleni kokuziphendukela kwemvelo? Ngiyazibophezela ukugomela ukuthi, kungenzeka, futhi behlukene, kuye ngezimo zemvelo. Umuntu usemhlabeni wonke, futhi usemhlabeni wonke, futhi ngalesi sisekelo, angakwazi ukudala izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlelo zokuxhumana kanye nezinhlobo ezahlukene zobudlelwane bomshado.
Kodwa-ke, ngifuna ukusho ukuthi kukhona umehluko ekukhethweni kwabalingani kanye nezici zobulili, ngezinga lothando emadodeni nakwabesifazane. Nakuba, vele, ngokusekelwe ezimisweni zezibalo, isilinganiso senani labalingani kubo bobabili abesilisa nabesifazane sihlala sihlukile, kuyaphawuleka ukuthi inani elithile lamaphesenti aphezulu amadoda linabalingani abaningi bocansi kunabesifazane abaphumelela kakhulu kulokhu. mayelana nenani labalingani bocansi. Yiqiniso, amanye amadoda emphakathini ngokuvamile awabatholi abangane bobulili, kuyilapho cishe bonke abesifazane beshada. Ngakho-ke, lapha uhlelo alucacile futhi luyalingana.
Alexander Gordon: Konke okunye, okunye akukho.
ML Butovskaya: Ngakho-ke umncintiswano, yingakho umehluko kumasu obudlelwane bobulili phakathi kwamadoda nabesifazane. Ngoba amadoda, eqinisweni, nabesifazane bawumkhiqizo wokukhetha ubulili, okuyinto manje, empeleni, okudingeka sikhulume ngayo maqondana nothando. Ukukhetha ukuya ocansini akufani ncamashi nokukhethwa kwemvelo, futhi ngokuvamile kudala izici ezithile ezingahambisani nhlobo nokuphila komuntu ngamunye. Sonke sicabanga ngemisila yamaphigogo, amaphiko amade ezinyoni zasepharadesi ezivimbela abanikazi bazo ukuba bandize. Kungase kubonakale kungenangqondo, kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi kukhona ukuncintisana okufihliwe phakathi kwabesilisa. Azilwi zodwa, ziqhudelana ngabesifazane, kodwa ziqhudelana ngokungenzi lutho, kuyilapho abesifazane yibona abakhetha ubulili.
Ungase ubuze ukuthi konke lokhu kuhlangene ngani nomuntu, ngoba sonke sijwayele ukucabanga ekuphileni kwansuku zonke ukuthi amadoda akhethani. Eqinisweni, abesifazane bayakhetha. Ngakho-ke, ngokomthetho, ukukhethwa kobulili kuleli fomu, engikhuluma ngalo manje, kuyasebenza nasekuchazeni isenzakalo sokwakheka kwamabhangqa ahlala unomphela, azinzile kubantu.
Kodwa-ke, ukuthi ubani oqala ukukhetha futhi oqala ukuncintisana kuxhunywe nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi isilinganiso socansi esisebenzayo. Isilinganiso socansi esisebenzayo yisimo esingazinzile, siwuhlelo olushintshayo kuye ngokuthi kwenzekani emphakathini. Kwesinye isikhathi kuba nabesifazane abaningi kunabesilisa. Mina, ngeshwa, kufanele ngisho ukuthi lesi simiso sijwayelekile eRussia, sasivamile naseSoviet Union yangaphambili, ngoba salahlekelwa amadoda amaningi phakathi nempi. Ngakho-ke, ukuncintisana phakathi kwabesifazane kwabesilisa kulesi simo kwakuphakeme kunalawo mazwe angazange alahlekelwe amadoda. Emazweni amaningi azolile, lapho kungazange kube khona izimpi, ngokuvamile, ikakhulukazi emasikweni endabuko, isilinganiso sivuna amadoda. Futhi-ke ukuncintisana phakathi kwamadoda kuphezulu. Lolu hlelo lujwayelekile emazweni endabuko njengamazwe ase-Arab East, njengeChina neJapan.
Kodwa ngisho nalapha, zonke lezi zimo zikhuthazwa isiko, ngokusho ukuthi zijwayele ukulawula njalo isilinganiso sobulili emphakathini ngezindlela zokwenziwa, okungukuthi, ukubulala izingane. Babulala izingane, ake sithi, eShayina, eNdiya. Abazange babulale noma yiziphi izingane, kodwa amantombazane kuphela. Futhi ngaleyo ndlela kwavela ukuthi kukhona amadoda amaningi emphakathini, ukuncintisana phakathi kwabo kuphezulu. Emiphakathini yendabuko cishe wonke umuntu wesifazane uthola umlingani, ngisho noma ekhohlakele futhi ephansi, kodwa akuwona wonke amadoda athola ithuba lokuthola umfazi. Futhi ithuba lokuthola umlingani womshado litholwa kuphela yilabo abavelele ngamathalenta abo noma abangamhlinzeka ngokwezimali. Ngamanye amazwi, lowo ongaqinisekisa ukuphila nenhlalakahle yomkakhe nenzalo yakhe.
Manje ngifuna ukusho ukuthi, ngokomthetho, kukhona ukuhlobana okuthile phakathi kokukhethwa kwabalingani ngokusekelwe esimisweni sokwethembeka kanye nesimiso sezinye izimfanelo. Lezi ezinye izimfanelo zibukeka, lokhu kuyimpilo kanye nezinye izakhiwo, zithi, amasosha omzimba, isibonelo, ukuzinza kwamasosha omzimba, okukuvumela ukuba usinde lapho kukhona ukutheleleka okunamandla, isibonelo, ngama-parasites noma izifo. Ngakho-ke, ngokuyisisekelo, isimo sitholakala lapho abesifazane noma abesifazane, uma sikhuluma ngezilwane, bangakhetha abalingani babo, beqondiswa izimiso ezahlukene. Uma sikhuluma ngokukhetha umlingani ohlala njalo, khona-ke okokuqala bazokhetha "obaba abahle" abazonakekela izingane, banakekele owesifazane futhi batshale izingane nabesifazane. Uma sikhuluma ngobudlelwano besikhathi esifushane, kaningi bazoncika “ezakhini zofuzo ezinhle”, bazokhetha amadoda angabathwali balezo zakhi zofuzo ezingenza izingane zalo wesifazane ziphile futhi ziqine. Amadodana anjalo ayoba yizimbangi eziphumelelayo zokuthola abafazi abahle. Futhi amadodakazi ayoba nempilo enhle futhi enamandla futhi azokwazi ukuzala abantwana ngempumelelo.
Enye imininingwane enelukuluku. Ubakhetha kanjani abalingani bakho? Ingabe abalingani kufanele bafane komunye nomunye noma kufanele bahluke? Kuvame ukuthiwa abalingani bayafana. Ziyafana ngempela ngobude, ngobuhlakani, ngokobuhlakani. Kodwa umbuzo uwukuthi, ingabe ukufana, isibonelo, ngokubukeka, noma ukusondelana ekuhlotsheni, ngoba ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka ukuthi kwamanye amasiko imishado phakathi komzala wesibili noma ngisho nabazala bokuqala banqoba? Ngakho-ke, iqiniso liwukuthi, ngokomthetho, ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kwaqondisa ukukhetha kwayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi lokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-heterozygosity yenzalo kuyanqoba. Futhi i-heterozygosity ingenzeka kuphela lapho abalingani behlukile, futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, bahluke kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-histocompatibility complex. Ngoba i-heterozygosity evumela ukuthi izizukulwane ezilandelayo ziphile futhi zizinze, zilungele ukuhlasela kwezinambuzane ezihlukahlukene.
Alexander Gordon: Ngokuqondene ne-phenotype inikeza umbono wokuthi umlingani wakho uhluke kanjani kuwe.
ML Butovskaya: Ngiqonde ukuthi, ukwazi kanjani, ukukubona kanjani?
Alexander Gordon: Phela, okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuhlukanisa umuntu osondelene ne-genotype kusuka kokude yi-phenotype, okungukuthi, ukuthi ibukeka kanjani. Nginezinwele ezi-blonde, unezinwele ezimnyama, njalonjalo.
ML Butovskaya: Yebo, impela uqinisile.
Alexander Gordon: Futhi ingabe sikhona isimiso esinjalo sokukhetha?
ML Butovskaya: Yebo, kunomgomo othile wokukhetha. Kodwa isimiso sokukhetha asifani neze njengoba usho, ngoba uma lo mphakathi ufana, yithi, isiko elifanayo, isibonelo, amaShayina, khona-ke lapho ngokuvamile kukhona ukukhanya nobumnyama. Umbala wezinwele ucishe ufane. Kodwa kunezinye izindlela - ikhala elincanyana, noma ikhala eliboshwe, ubuso obubanzi. Noma, isibonelo, izindlebe - ezinkulu noma ezincane.
Isimiso siwukuthi kunemibandela ethile yokukhethwa kokubukeka, sizokhuluma ngalokhu kamuva, okukuvumela ukuba ukhethe laba balingani. Abanye ozakwethu bazokhanga kakhulu kunabanye. Futhi, ngokuxakile, lokhu kukhanga kuhlanganisa isethi yonke yezimpawu, kuhlanganise nephunga. Kwaphela isikhathi eside kunenkolelo yokuthi umuntu akasabeli nhlobo kumasignali anuka kamnandi. Kodwa mayelana nothando nokukhanga, lapha inzwa yethu yokuhogela isebenza kanye nasezilwaneni eziningi. Sivame ukukhetha umlingani wephunga. Kodwa asikwazi lokhu, ngoba, ngokomthetho, umbono we-pheromones uyinto ecashile kakhulu ebonwa ubuchopho bethu, kodwa umuntu akaqapheli ukuthi uzwa leli phunga. Ama-pheromone ocansi atholakala kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Ngakho-ke, bashintsha ngomjikelezo kwabesifazane, futhi lapha kuboniswa nje ukuthi kungenzeka kanjani ukuhlola iphunga lomlingani okhangayo. Lezi zivivinyo zenziwe ozakwethu base-Austrian. Isithombe sibonisa ukuthi amantombazane alinganisa kanjani ukukhanga kwephunga lamadoda ahlukene. Kuvele ukuthi amadoda anuka iphunga elimnandi kwabesifazane nawo abukeka ekhangayo.
Alexander Gordon: Okungukuthi-ke lamadoda ethulwa kuye, futhi kwadingeka?
ML Butovskaya: Yebo Yebo. Okusho ukuthi, eqinisweni, i-sexier iphunga lomzimba, ukuphakama okukhangayo kwangaphandle, uxhumano luqondile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyaqina ngesikhathi lapho owesifazane esenkathini ye-ovulation, lapho ukukhulelwa kungenzeka kakhulu. Okusho ukuthi, empeleni, sidinga ukusho ukuthi kukhona umshini owenziwe ngokuziphendukela kwemvelo, futhi lo mshini uyaqhubeka nokusebenza ngenkuthalo kubantu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi siyakufuna noma cha. Kodwa ngesikhathi samanje, yiqiniso, kukhona ukwephulwa kwenkambo yemvelo yezinto ezihambisana nokusetshenziswa kwemithi yokuvimbela inzalo. Ngoba lapho kuthathwa izinto zokuvimbela inzalo, ukuthambekela kowesifazane kuyaphazamiseka, uqala ukubona izinto eziningi ngendlela ehlukile kulokho imvelo ehloselwe yona. Kodwa, ngendlela, okuphambene nakho kuyoba yiqiniso, ngoba amadoda abona owesifazane ekhangayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubukeka kanjani, lapho esenkathini ye-ovulation.
Alexander Gordon: Lapho ukwakheka kwakhe kwama-pheromone kushintsha.
ML Butovskaya: Yebo. Iqiniso liwukuthi amadoda angase angakuqapheli lokhu - kubonakala sengathi owesifazane akathandeki ngokuphelele, futhi kubonakala sengathi akakaze amnake, kodwa ngokuzumayo indoda izwa ukuthi iqala ukumthanda ngokocansi. Lokhu cishe kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwakhe. Kodwa ngokusetshenziswa kokuvimbela inzalo, yonke le milingo ye-pheromone iphukile, futhi ama-capulin (okuthiwa ama-pheromones wesifazane) awakhiqizwa ngobuningi nangendlela edingekayo ukuze akhange. Ngakho-ke, kuvela ukuthi izivimbela-nzalo zomlomo ngokuvamile ziphula yonke inqubo yemvelo nemvelo yokukhanga phakathi kobulili, eye yathuthukiswa izigidi zeminyaka.
Alexander Gordon: Ingabe indoda izwa owesifazane oyinyumba?
ML Butovskaya: Ngokusobala yebo. Ngokuvamile, konke kuhloswe ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi indoda ishiya inzalo, yingakho izokhetha abalingani abakhangayo. Futhi ubani okhanga kakhulu? Okokuqala, kunemibandela lapho indoda ichaza abesifazane njengabakhangayo - wonke amadoda azothi lona wesifazane uyathandeka.
Futhi lapha, njengohlobo lwezinga, ngingabala izibonelo ezimbili, esizokhuluma ngazo manje. Lona i-Vertinskaya, futhi yi-Lanovoy, ngoba ihambisana nezimiso ezithile lapho umuntu angakwazi khona ukucacisa izici ezikhangayo zobuso besilisa nowesifazane. Kubantu besilisa, umhlathi oyisikwele uyakhanga, njengoba empeleni ubonakala eLanovoy, isilevu esinamandla, esichazwe kahle futhi esimise kahle, esiphumile, umlomo omncane kodwa obanzi onezindebe eziwumngcingo, nekhala eliphumele ngaphandle. Nawa amaphrofayili ukuze uyibonise. Amashiya aphansi futhi aqondile, amehlo amancane, nama-cheekbones aphezulu, achazwe kahle.
Kwabesifazane, iphrofayili yobuso obukhangayo ihluke ngokuyisisekelo, ngoba lapha sikhuluma ngemigqa eyindilinga, ama-contours athambile, izindebe ezigcwele namehlo amakhulu. Futhi, yiqiniso, mayelana nesiphongo se-convex, ingane encane, i-chin engunxantathu ebizwa kancane. Kuwo wonke amasiko, lezi zindlela zobuhle besilisa nabesifazane zihlala zinjalo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi abantu base-Afrika noma amaMongoloid. Konke lokhu kuyizinto ezijwayelekile.
Lapha kuboniswa izithombe ezimbalwa ezijwayelekile zabesilisa nabesifazane, kokubili ama-Mongoloids nama-Europiods. Ukwenziwa kwabantu besifazane kanye nokwenza ubuso ngobudoda kwenziwa ngekhompyutha. Kwavela ukuthi lapho owesifazane enkathini ye-ovulation ephezulu, uthanda ubuso besilisa kakhulu. Kuzo zonke ezinye izinkathi zomjikelezo, uthanda ubuso besilisa obenziwa abesifazane.
Ngakho-ke, umbuzo wokuthi owesifazane ukhetha ukuthini futhi hlobo luni lobuso besilisa abathandayo, ngokuyisisekelo, kufanele kubekwe kanje: nini, ngasiphi isikhathi somjikelezo obathandayo? Ngoba kukhona umehluko othize lapha, futhi umehluko awusebenzi, ngoba uma sikhuluma ngabathwali bezakhi zofuzo ezinhle, ngakho-ke, cishe, kufanele sikhethe ubuso besilisa. Uma sikhuluma ngokukhetha ubaba omuhle, futhi emphakathini wanamuhla lokhu cishe kubaluleke kakhulu, khona-ke kulesi simo udinga ukukhetha umuntu onezici eziningi zesifazane, ngoba, cishe, uzoba ubaba omuhle, onokwethenjelwa, onakekelayo.
Manje mayelana neqiniso lokuthi kukhona ukulinganisa kobuso. Ubuso obunamazinga aphansi we-asymmetry eguquguqukayo buhle kakhulu kubo bobabili abesilisa nabesifazane. Ngakho-ke, ngokomthetho, kukhona elinye iphuzu lapho ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kwakhetha izithombe ezifanelekile zabesilisa nabesifazane. Njengoba ukukhulelwa okungenzeka kusondela, ubuso besilisa, obunama-asymmetry ashintshashintshayo kancane, buthandeka kakhulu kwabesifazane.
Angikhulumi ngokuhambisana ngokwengqondo manje, lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu, kodwa abantu akufanele bafane bodwa, futhi abantu kufanele babe nemibandela ethile ehambisana nemibono ethile enikeza inkomba yezimpawu zokukhanga nokuzala okujwayelekile kobulili babo. Ngoba ekuziphendukeleni kwemvelo akubalulekile neze ukuthi abantu bathuthuke ngokwengqondo, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi bashiya inzalo noma cha. Ngoba uhlobo oluyeka ukushiya inzalo luyafa. Kunemibandela ethile yaphakade yobuhle.
Sikhulume ngobuso, kodwa kukhona nemibandela yobuhle bomzimba wesifazane. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi siyathanda noma singathandi, ezinye zalezi zindlela zisalokhu zizinzile, kusukela emphakathini wakudala kuya emphakathini wangemva kwezimboni. Nansi enye yalezi zibalo zesifazane ezinokhalo oluncane nezinqulu eziyindilinga, okuyindinganiso yobuhle ngeNkathi Ephakathi, nakuRenaissance, futhi, ngokufanele, esikhathini sethu. Wonke umuntu uzothi, yebo, kuyathandeka. Futhi kukhona izibalo zesilisa ezibhekwa njengezikhangayo (amahlombe abanzi, ama-hips amancane). Ezinkathini eziningi, imfanelo ebaluleke kakhulu yezingubo zabesifazane kwakuyibhande eligcizelela okhalweni. Futhi amadoda, ngokulandelana, amahlombe abanzi kanye nezinqulu ezincane, njengoba kubonakala kulo mfanekiso we-Renaissance, qhubeka ukhangayo namuhla, okubonakala kumfashini wamadoda wanamuhla.
Kwenzekani? Singasho yini ukuthi isithombe esifanele, sithi, isibalo sowesifazane sihlala sizinzile phakathi namakhulu eminyaka? Noma ingabe umphakathi we-post-industrial ngempela awusathintani nezimpande zawo, futhi ukuziphendukela kwemvelo akusasebenzi emphakathini wethu kangangokuthi ngisho nalezo zimpawu zokuziphendukela kwemvelo ezazizazisa futhi zalondolozwa izigidi zeminyaka manje ziye zayeka ukulondolozwa? Ake sibheke. Njengoba uyindoda, ngiphakamisa ukuthi uqhathanise lawa maphrofayili, empeleni, izibalo zabesifazane futhi usho ukuthi iyiphi yalezi zibalo ezibonakala zikhanga kakhulu kuwe.
Alexander Gordon: Kuwo wonke amaqembu?
ML Butovskaya: Cha, khetha eyodwa kuphela.
Alexander Gordon: Ngibona abathathu. Futhi bangaki ngempela?
ML Butovskaya: Yebo, kunemigqa emithathu yayo, emi-4 kuleyo naleyo.
Alexander Gordon: Ungalenzi kanjani iphutha ngokukhetha ...
ML Butovskaya: Wozani, wozani.
Alexander Gordon: Ngicabanga ukuthi umugqa wesibili ngu-A.
ML Butovskaya: Kulungile. Wenze njengendoda ejwayelekile, yonke into ihlelekile ngokunambitha kwakho, ukuziphendukela kwemvelo akuzange kube phezu kwakho, kuqhubekile nokwenza. Eqinisweni, lesi yisibalo esihle kakhulu sowesifazane. Okusho ukuthi, kugcwele ngokusesilinganisweni, kodwa ngesilinganiso esifanelekile sokhalo-kuya-hip, ukhalo oluncane nezinqulu ezibanzi. Lapha ngifuna ukunaka umniningwane owodwa: ngenxa ye-hype eqhubekayo emaphephandabeni, ukuphishekela okuqhubekayo kwesibalo esihle okuthiwa sincane, abesifazane baqala ukuhlanekezela umqondo wokuthi kusho ukuthini ukubukeka okuhle. Ngakho-ke, abesifazane bakholelwa ukuthi lesi sibalo singcono.
Okusho ukuthi, iningi lamadoda aseNtshonalanga likhetha isibalo osikhethile, lesi. Iningi labesifazane baseNtshonalanga, kanye nabethu, njengoba senze ucwaningo olunjalo, khetha lesi sibalo. Bafuna ukubonakala bezacile kunamadoda athanda. Okusho ukuthi, empeleni, sebevele bedlala umdlalo, empeleni, onomthelela omubi kubo. Owesifazane ozacile kakhulu unobunzima bokuzala.
Manje izibalo zesilisa. Futhi lapha, ngokubona kwakho, yisiphi isibalo esikhanga kakhulu? Yebo, awuyena owesifazane, kodwa ngokombono wendoda.
Alexander Gordon: Lapha kufanele ngisuke ngokuphambene, ngicabange isibalo esingafani nami nganoma iyiphi indlela, futhi nginqume. Ngicabanga ukuthi kufanele kube indoda yesithathu ohlwini lwesibili, cha.
ML Butovskaya: Yebo, futhi lapha uqinisile ngokuphelele. Kwabesifazane nabesilisa, lokhu kuyindlela engcono kakhulu. Manje ngizocela isithombe esilandelayo. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngesinye isikhathi uTatyana Tolstaya wabhala indaba emangalisayo "90-60-90". Wayibhala, njengenjwayelo, ngamancoko. Futhi njengoba ayevame ukuya emazweni aseNtshonalanga, ngokusobala wayehlale ezwa ngemibono yesimanje yokuziphendukela kwemvelo futhi wayengenakukwazi ukuzibamba ngaphandle kokusabela kulokho okwakwenzeka ngendlela yakhe.
Eqinisweni, kukhona uhlobo oluthile oluzinzile, uma uthanda, isilinganiso segolide. Isilinganiso esifanele sokhalo-kuya-hip kwabesifazane silinganiselwa ku-0,68-0,7. Lesi yisibalo sowesifazane kuphela, futhi lesi silinganiso asiyona inkokhiso eyize yemfashini, ngoba ithi i-metabolism yalona wesifazane kanye ne-endocrinology ihlelekile, ukuthi lona wesifazane usemncane futhi angazala futhi abelethe ingane enhle. Ngalesi silinganiso sokhalo nezinqulu, amazinga akhe e-estrogen ahambisana nesimiso sokuthola inzalo.
Ngokuqondene namadoda, anesilinganiso esiphambene ncamashi, ngoba indoda enempilo kufanele ibe nesilinganiso esingaba ngu-0,9. Uma kwabesifazane isilinganiso sokhalo kuya ezinqulwini sishintsha sibheke ohlangothini lwesilisa, khona-ke sikhuluma ngokuthi umzimba wakhe uyaphazamiseka futhi inani lamahomoni wesilisa liyakhula. Okusho ukuthi, empeleni, lokhu kubonisa ukuthi mhlawumbe unohlobo oluthile lwe-endocrinological disorder, noma ukuthi usekhulile kakade futhi usondela ekunqamukeni kokuya esikhathini. Ngokwemvelo, lapho, ekuqaleni kokuziphendukela kwemvelo kwethu, akekho owaya kodokotela, kwakungekho i-endocrinology, futhi amadoda kwakudingeka anqume ngokubukeka ukuthi ubani okufanele abhekane naye nokuthi azosungula nobani ukuxhumana okuhlala njalo. Iminyaka yezinto eziphilayo nayo ibingaziwa. Imvelo inikeze isikhombi esithile. Owesifazane ofanayo ono-0,68-0,7, ungumlingani wocansi ophelele, ungasungula ukuxhumana naye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyacaca ukuthi akakhulelwe. Ngakho-ke, yayingekho ingozi yokuthi le ndoda izonakekela ingane yomunye umuntu.
Kodwa ingabe lesi silinganiso esiqhubekayo sokhalo-kuya-hip sihlala sizinzile? Futhi uma ngaso sonke isikhathi eNtshonalanga bethi kukhona okushintshayo embonweni wobuhle, khona-ke yini eshintshayo? Abacwaningi benze lo msebenzi, abaseMelika, iqembu leSinkha, lahlaziya imingcele ethile yomzimba kaMiss America, kusukela kuma-20s futhi yaphela cishe ezinsukwini zethu, lezi bekungama-90s. Kuvele ukuthi isisindo somzimba walaba besifazane sashintsha ngokwemvelo, sawa. UMiss America, njengoba ubona, uya ngokuncipha. Kodwa isilinganiso sokhalo nezinqulu asizange sishintshe. Yayizinzile. Imfashini ayinawo amandla phezu kwengcwele yezingcwele zokuziphendukela kwemvelo kobulili bomuntu.
Sikhulume ngeqiniso lokuthi amabele nawo ayipharamitha ekhangayo, kepha empeleni kwakukhona umbono wokuthi abesifazane be-buxom kwezinye izikhathi babeheha, kwezinye izikhathi bakhangwa abesifazane abasebasha. Kunjalo ngempela. Ibonisa nje isilinganiso se-bust kuya okhalweni, kusukela ku-901 futhi iphetha ngonyaka wama-81. Singaqhubeka nayo, ngoba ezinsukwini zethu isizinzile.
Ngakho-ke, kuvela ukuthi, empeleni, ngezikhathi zezinhlekelele ezithile, ukucindezeleka, ukuhlelwa kabusha kwemvelo, indlala, i-buxom, owesifazane we-buxom weza emfashini. Ngokushesha nje lapho ukuzinza, ukuvuselelwa komnotho nokukhula kwenzeka, abesifazane abanesikhumba esincane esinamabele amancane baqala ukuzibandakanya. Nakuba isilinganiso sokhalo-kuya-hip, njengoba sasinjalo, ngiyakukhumbuza futhi, sahlala sisezingeni. Futhi inkathi yenhlekelele, izimpi kanye nazo zonke izinhlobo zezinkinga zokudla, futhi owesifazane ocebile uyangena emfashini. Lokhu, yiqiniso, kusekelwe emaphephandabeni aseNtshonalanga, njengoba ubona, akukho ukuhlaziywa lapha eRussia. Kodwa kusukela ngawo-60, lesi sekuyisikhathi sama-hippies futhi, ngokuvamile, ukuchuma nokuchuma okwanele emphakathini, owesifazane osemusha uphinde abuyele emfashini, njengemodeli edumile ye-Twiggy, ongenawo amabele, futhi empeleni uba mncane. . Futhi lesi sikhathi siyaqhubeka nanamuhla.
Alexander Gordon: Futhi kukhona ukuhlobana kwangempela phakathi kwekhono lokuncelisa kanye nosayizi webele.
ML Butovskaya: Cha, cha, iphuzu lonke liwukuthi akukho ukuhlobana okunjalo. Isilinganiso se-bust kuya okhalweni alinikezi noma yiluphi ulwazi, ngaphandle kokukodwa. Kuvela ukuthi emiphakathini eminingi lapho kunenkinga yokudla, abesifazane abakhuluphele bayathandwa, bese kuthi i-bust, njengesici sobuhle, idunyiswe futhi ibhekwe njengenhle.
Alexander Gordon: Ngoba kukhona indawo yokulondoloza ethile.
ML Butovskaya: Ngoba ama-fat deposits aqongelela hhayi kuphela ku-bust. Uma umphakathi uhlinzekelwe ngokugcwele, njengomphakathi wanamuhla waseMelika noma, ake sithi, umphakathi waseJalimane namuhla, khona-ke kukhona uguquko olubhekiswe ekukhetheni abalingani abancane. Kodwa hhayi mncane kakhulu. Ngoba, ake sithi, isimo esinjalo, esiboniswa efilimini ethi "Soldier Jane", lapho yena, kanye nendoda, bezama ukuqedela yonke imisebenzi futhi balahlekelwa isisindo esiningi, kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi ukunikezwa okudingekayo kwamafutha. ilahlekile (kufanele okungenani ibe ngamaphesenti angu-18 emzimbeni wesifazane), okugcina imijikelezo evamile yabesifazane. Uma inani lamafutha lifana nabesilisa, khona-ke owesifazane onjalo ulahlekelwa amakhono akhe okuzala. Ngakho-ke, lapha imvelo nayo yenza isiqiniseko sokuthi owesifazane akakuthandi kakhulu ukuzaca kwakhe. Mhlawumbe lolu uhlobo lwe-antidote ngokumelene nemikhuba enjalo yesimanje, lapho owesifazane elwela ukulahlekelwa isisindo esiningi kakhulu. Konke kudinga isilinganiso.
Njalo umzimba wesifazane uyinkomba yokukhanga. Ngakho-ke, amasiko amaningi ayeqikelela ukuthi awususe lomzimba ngokuphelele, futhi wawungasekho njengohlobo oluthile lwento efiswa amadoda. Lawo masiko okuthi, ngokomthetho, alawule ngokuphelele ubulili besifazane, abe yimpumelelo kakhulu kulokhu, futhi ingxenye yamasiko amaSulumane iyisibonelo salokhu. Abazange bamboze owesifazane ubuso bakhe kuphela, kodwa umzimba wakhe wonke nge-hoodie, ongenalutho ngokuphelele, ukuze angaboni lesi silinganiso sokhalo kuya ezinqulwini. Ngokuvamile ngisho nezandla zimboziwe.
Kodwa ngokuyisisekelo, sengishilo ukuthi kunemibandela ehlukene yokukhanga kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Ukukhanga ngokocansi kowesifazane kuhlotshaniswa kakhulu nokwamukela, nekhono lokuzala izingane. Futhi lokhu kungenzeka kuphela kuze kufike eminyakeni ethile. Kwabesilisa, lo mbandela awukho. Ngakho-ke, ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kwaqinisekisa ukuthi abesilisa nabesifazane bakhetha abalingani babo ngokwemibandela yobudala ehlukene. Okungukuthi, kuyaziwa ukuthi emazweni amaningi, kuboniswa lapha nje, abesifazane bathanda amadoda amadala kancane kunabo. Futhi amadoda kuwo wonke amasiko, ngaphandle kokukhetha, njengabesifazane abancane kunabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kuthiwa, isiko libhekene nalokhu kukhethwa kwe-polygyny, maningi amathuba okuba indoda ithathe abafazi abancane kunaye. Okungukuthi, sikhuluma ngeqiniso lokuthi umbandela ohamba phambili yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi ingcebo: indoda ecebile inabafazi abaningi, futhi abafazi bayo, njengomthetho, bancane.
Omunye umbandela, obuye uhluke kwabesilisa nabesifazane lapho bekhetha abalingani, futhi, ngokufanele, singakhuluma ngalokhu njengesici sothando, ubuntombi. Eqinisweni, kuwo wonke amasiko, ngaphandle kokumbalwa kakhulu, njengokuthi, isibonelo, amaShayina, ubuntombi bufunwa kwabesifazane, kodwa lokhu akudingekile kumadoda nhlobo. Ngisho nabesifazane abaningi bathi bayawathanda amadoda anesipiliyoni socansi esidlule. Lesi simo sijwayelekile. Kungani kunezindinganiso ezimbaxa-mbili?
Izinga eliphindwe kabili liqinisekiswa ngokuziphendukela kwemvelo, ngoba indoda ekhetha owesifazane osevele enabalingani ngaphambi kwakhe ibeka ingozi yokuthola ingane engeke ibe ingane yakhe, kodwa izomnakekela. Ngoba, ngokomthetho, noma yimuphi owesifazane uyazi ukuthi ingane yakhe ikuphi, kodwa indoda ayikwazi neze ukuqiniseka ngoyise, ngaphandle uma yenza ukuhlaziywa kwe-DNA. Nemvelo yakunakekela lokho futhi. Njengoba ukuqaphela kubonisa, izingane eziningi ezisanda kuzalwa, cishe inyanga yokuqala kusukela zizalwa, zifana noyise. Khona-ke isimo singase sishintshe, ingane ingase ibukeke njengomama, bese kuba ubaba, bese kuba umkhulu, kodwa ngesikhathi sokuqala sokuzalwa kwayo, ngokuvamile ibonisa ukufana noyise.
Yini enye oyithandayo? Yebo, ngokwemvelo, abesifazane bathanda amadoda acebile. Futhi amadoda athanda abesifazane abakhangayo. Uyazi, bathi "kungcono ukuba muhle futhi ucebe kunokumpofu nokugula." Njengoba kungase kubonakale kuyinkimbinkimbi, lokhu kuhambisana neminye imibono ye-ethological. Eqinisweni, ezinye izinto ziyalingana, sikhuluma ngeqiniso lokuthi owesifazane (le ndlela imvelo eyadala ngayo, ogogo bethu abakude nabo balandela lesi sibonelo) kufanele babe nesithakazelo emadodeni angakwazi ukumelela. ngokwabo, ngakho-ke, kufanele babe nempilo futhi babe nesimo esiphakeme emphakathini, esizodluliselwa ezinganeni.
Futhi amadoda anesithakazelo ebusheni nasekuthandeni kwabesifazane. Ngakho-ke, ngokomthetho, kukhona futhi inketho evamile yokukhetha lapha, amadoda azohlala enesithakazelo kwabesifazane abakhangayo - izindlela zalokhu zihlukile, kusukela kuphunga kuya kuphrofayela kanye nezici zesibalo - futhi abesifazane bazohlala benesithakazelo emalini engenayo. nokuthembeka kwale ndoda ethile.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi umugqa waqala ukuvela ekukhangiseni kwanamuhla, ogxile ekuboniseni ukuthi indoda iba ubaba onakekelayo kanye nenkosi yendlu. Lokhu kuhambisana nokuthambekela kwamanje mayelana nokuqashwa: abesifazane baseNtshonalanga bayekile ukuba ngamakhosikazi asekhaya, abaningi babo sebeqalile ukusebenza. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi umndeni uneholo elifanayo, noma ngisho nowesifazane uthola ngaphezulu. Futhi ukukhangisa kwasabela ngokushesha kulokhu, okubonisa ukuthi indoda ingaba futhi indoda yomkhaya ekhathalelayo, ingaba negalelo elibalulekile emsebenzini wasekhaya emkhayeni. Futhi lesi sibonakaliso singasetshenziswa futhi njengesici sothando emphakathini wanamuhla. Ngoba ubuye aqonde ukuthi indoda esiza ngomsebenzi wasekhaya iyamthanda umkayo.