Ukusaphaza uhlobo lokungondleki okunesisindo esincane kakhulu ukuphakama komuntu. Kungaba umphumela wokungadli kahle, ukugula noma ukwanda kwezidingo zomzimba.

Ukungondleki kuwumphumela wokungalingani kwebhalansi yamandla phakathi kokudla kanye nezidingo zomzimba. Kungaba ukuntula noma ukweqisa emandleni noma ukudla okunomsoco womuntu.

Lokhu kuhlanganisa inombolo yezimo:

• stunting: ubudlelwano obuphansi phakathi kobude nobudala;
• ukumosha: isilinganiso esiphansi phakathi kwesisindo nobude;
• isisindo esingaphansi: isilinganiso esiphansi phakathi kwesisindo neminyaka;
• ukushoda kwama-micronutrient (amavithamini abalulekile namaminerali);
• ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, ukukhuluphala.

Izifo ezingathathelwana ezihlobene nokudla okunomsoco.

Ukungondleki kukhona kuwo wonke amazwe omhlaba. Kuthinta abantu abadala kanye nezingane. Abanye bakhuluphele noma bakhuluphele, kanti abanye banesisindo esingaphansi noma bamoshekile. NgokweWorld Health Organization, bangu-1,9 billion abantu abadala abakhuluphele noma abakhuluphele emhlabeni kanti bangu-462 million abangaphansi kwesisindo somzimba. Phakathi kwezingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kwemihlanu ubudala, eziyizigidi ezingu-52 zithintwa ukumoshwa (kuhlanganise nezigidi ezingu-17 ngokumosha kakhulu) kanye nezigidi ezingu-41 ngokukhuluphala ngokweqile noma ukukhuluphala.

Incazelo yokumosha iphansi kakhulu isilinganiso sesisindo sokuphakama, okusho ukuthi ukukhanya kakhulu maqondana nokuba mude kakhulu. Ngokuvamile kuwuphawu lokuncipha kwesisindo kwakamuva nokubalulekile ngenxa yokudla okuncane kakhulu okumunyisiwe noma ukulahlekelwa kakhulu okubangelwa ukugula okunjengohudo olunzima noma isifo sikashukela.

I-Emaciation ingaba nezimbangela eziningi:

• ukudla okuncane kakhulu ngenxa yesimo senhlalo-mnotho esingakuvumeli ukudla okunomsoco kanye nenani elanele. Lokhu kunjalo ngezingane eziningi ezithintekile emazweni omhlaba wesithathu;
• ukudla okuphansi kakhulu okuwumphumela wenkinga yengqondo njengokuphazamiseka kokudla (i-anorexia, i-bulimia, njll.), ukukhathazeka noma ukudana kwengqondo;
• ukuqedwa ngokweqile kwezakhi zomzimba ngumzimba (ukulahlekelwa umchamo uma kwenzeka kuba nesifo sikashukela, isifo sohudo kanye / noma ukuhlanza okulandelayo, ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic okuholela ekwandeni kokusetshenziswa kwamandla ngamaseli, njll.).
• ukumuncwa okuncane kwezakhi zomzimba (uma kwenzeka kuba nenkinga yokuvuvukala okungapheli noma isifo esingelapheki samathumbu ngokwesibonelo).

Ukwehla kwesisindo okuphawulekayo futhi okusheshayo kungaba nomthelela omubi kakhulu emzimbeni. Kubangela ukwehla kokusebenza kwamasosha omzimba, ukunciphisa amandla emisipha, ubunzima bezitho ezithile ukuthi zisebenze ngokujwayelekile kanye nesimo sobuthakathaka jikelele.

Ezinganeni ezincane, ukumosha kungase kube nemiphumela emibi, kuhlanganise nokufa. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukubona futhi ukwelapha. Emhlabeni jikelele, ukungondleki kudlala indima cishe ku-45% wokufa kwezingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emihlanu.

Eqenjini lezokwelapha, isinyathelo sokuqala sizoba ukuthola izimbangela eziyinhloko zokumosha kanye nokuhlonza iziguli ezingazuza ekusekelweni okunomsoco: chaza isimo samanje, ukuzinza okungenzeka, ukuziphendukela kwayo okungenzeka, umongo wenhlalakahle yezomnotho.

Izindlela zokwelashwa ezinokwenzeka zingokulandelayo, ukuze kufakwe:

• Ukudla okunothile: ukudla kwesiguli kuthuthukiswa ngamaprotheni futhi kushintshwe ngokuvumelana nalokho akuthandayo (okungashintsha uma kwenzeka ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, ngokwesibonelo);
• izengezo zokudla ngomlomo: ziyangezwa ekudleni okujwayelekile ukuzama ukunxephezela noma ikuphi ukusilela;
• Ukudla okunomsoco: Lapho umgudu wokugaya ukudla usebenza kahle futhi ukwazi ukuncela izakhamzimba, ukudla okunomsoco kuyindlela yokuqala yokudla okwenziwa engasetshenziswa. Siqukethe ukuphatha izakhamzimba eziqukethwe esikhwameni esisesimweni samanzi ngqo esiswini noma emathunjini kusetshenziswa iphenyo;
• Ukudla kwabazali: Lapho ukudla okungokwemvelo kungasenakwenzeka futhi umgudu wokugaya ukudla wonakele, umsoco wabazali usetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka ngezidingo zokudla komzimba. Igama elithi parenteral lisho "ukweqa umgudu wokugaya ukudla". Ngale ndlela, izakhamzimba azidluli emgudwini wokugaya ukudla kepha zingena ngqo egazini.

Uma kwenzeka ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo okuphawulekayo, okusheshayo nokuzenzakalelayo, kuyalulekwa ukuthi uthintane nochwepheshe bezempilo.