Okuqukethwe
I-Eid al-Fitr yigama elijwayelekile labantu baseTurkey leholide elingcwele le-Eid al-Fitr, elibuye laziwe ngokuthi “Umkhosi Wokuzila”. Ngalolu suku, amaSulumane athembekile agubha ukuphela kokuzila ukudla okude nokunzima kakhulu enyangeni yeRamadan. Kwaphela izinsuku eziyishumi nambili amakholwa enqaba ukudla nokuphuza emini. Kuphela ngemva komkhuleko wasekuseni ngosuku lwe-Eid al-Fitr imingcele eqinile isusiwe, futhi noma yiziphi izitsha ezivunyelwe yi-Islam zingabekwa etafuleni.
Inini i-Eid al-Fitr ngo-2023
AmaSulumane akagxili elanga, kodwa ekhalendeni lenyanga, ngakho-ke usuku lwe-Eid al-Fitr lushintshwa minyaka yonke. Ngo-2023, kugujwa idili lokuhlephula inzilo 21 April, ukunemba kakhudlwana, iqala ekushoneni kwelanga ngobusuku buka-April 21 - usuku lokuqala lwenyanga entsha.
Emazweni amaSulumane, i-Uraza Bayram, kanye ne-Eid al-Adha, usuku lokuphumula, futhi kwamanye amazwe lugujwa izinsuku ezimbalwa zilandelana. Ezweni Lethu, iziphathimandla zesifunda zingathula ngokuzimele usuku lokuphumula oluhlukile phakathi namaholide enkolo. Ngakho-ke, ngo-April 21, 2023 kwamenyezelwa njengeholide lomphakathi eTatarstan, Bashkiria, Chechnya, Dagestan, Ingushetia, Karachevo-Cherkessia, Kabardino-Balkaria, Adygea naseRiphabhulikhi yaseCrimea.
umlando weholide
I-Eid al-Fitr ingelinye lamaholide amaMuslim amadala kakhulu. Wawugujwa kusukela kudala ngesikhathi soMprofethi uMuhammad, ngo-624. Ngesi-Arabhu, ubizwa ngokuthi i-Eid al-Fitr, okuhunyushwa ngokuthi “iholide lokuhlephula inzilo.” Ngezilimi zaseTurkic, igama laso lisuselwa egameni lesiPheresiya elithi "Ruza" - "ngokushesha" negama lesiTurkey elithi "Bayram" - "iholide".
Isiko lokugubha i-Eid al-Fitr lisabalale kanye nokuthuthuka kwe-Islam, kusukela ngesikhathi se-Arab Caliphate. Amatafula emikhosi ka-Eid al-Fitr abekwe eMbusweni Wase-Ottoman, eGibhithe, emazweni aseNyakatho Afrika, e-Afghanistan, ePakistan nakwamanye amazwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iholidi lokuphumula libaluleke ngokulinganayo kubo bobabili amaSunni namaShiites.
Amasiko amaholide
Kunamasiko amaningi azungeze i-Eid al-Fitr. Ngakho-ke, amakholwa ahalaliselana ngamazwi adumile athi "Eid Mubarak!", Okusho ukuthi "Ngikufisela iholide elibusisekile!". Isiko elibaluleke kakhulu ukukhokhwa kwezipho ezikhethekile - Zakat al-Fitr. Kungaba kokubili ukudla kanye nemali umphakathi wamaSulumane oyithumela kubantu ababencishwe amathuba kakhulu endaweni eyodwa - abagulayo, abampofu, nalabo abasesimweni esinzima sempilo.
Mhlawumbe uphawu olubaluleke kakhulu lwe-Eid al-Fitr itafula eliminyene. Ngemva kokuzila ukudla isikhathi eside futhi okunzima kakhulu, lapho amaSulumane enqaba ukudla namanzi, athola ithuba lokudla nokuphuza noma yini, nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Vele, ngaphandle kokudla okungeyona i-halal notshwala obunqatshelwe e-Islam. Kepha ungaqala ukudla kuphela ngemuva komkhuleko ohlangene - i-Eid-namaz.
Sut Uraza-iholide
Ngaphezu kwamasiko avamile, imithetho eminingana kufanele igcinwe ngesikhathi sokugubha i-Eid al-Fitr.
Amalungiselelo eholide aqala ngayizolo. Amakholwa ahlanza izindlu namagceke awo futhi apheke izitsha zemikhosi. Ngaphambi kweholide, amaSulumane ageza ngokugcwele, agqoke izingubo zawo ezinhle kakhulu futhi avakashele izihlobo (kuhlanganise namathuna oshonile) nabangane, ebapha izipho, ukumomotheka nokuhalalisela.
Umkhuleko ohlangene ngokuvamile uyenzeka hhayi kuphela kuma-mosque, kodwa futhi nasemagcekeni aphambi kwawo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ezigcawini ezinkulu enkabeni yedolobha. Umthandazo weholide uphetha ngokunxusa ku-Allah, lapho i-imam icela uMninimandla onke ukuba athethelele izono futhi anikeze izibusiso.
Ngemuva komkhuleko amakholwa asuke ebheke ezindlini zawo lapho sekukhona amatafula agcwele ukudla neziphuzo. Azikho iziqondiso ezihlukene noma imithetho elawula imenyu yamaholide. Kodwa kukholakala ukuthi nge-Eid al-Fitr kuyisiko ukupheka izitsha zabo ezinhle kakhulu. Kuyacaca ukuthi ukuvinjelwa kokudla okungeyona i-halal, njengengulube, kusasebenza. Utshwala bomSulumane okholwayo nawo abuvunyelwe ngokuphelele.
Ongakwenza nongakwazi ukukwenza nge-Eid al-Fitr
Ngemuva kosuku lokuqeda inzilo, amaSulumane avunyelwe izinto eziningi ezazinqatshelwe ngesikhathi sokuzila ngenyanga kaRamadan:
- ungadla uphuze emini,
- ungabhema futhi uhogele ugwayi phakathi nosuku, kodwa kuyafaneleka ukukhumbula ukuthi inkolo ibiza ukunakekela impilo yakho futhi kuhle ukugwema lezi zenzo.
Okungafanele ukwenze ngesikhathi seholide le-Eid al-Adha:
- ungenzi imisebenzi yasekhaya
- akufanele usebenze endaweni,
- ubudlelwano nezihlobo nabangane akufanele konakale; ukuthuka inhlamba ngesikhathi se-Eid al-Fitr kuyalahlwa e-Islam.