Okuqukethwe
Ezinganeni, i-developmental coordination disorder (CDD), ebizwa nangokuthi i-dyspraxia, isifo esivamile (5% ngokwesilinganiso ngokusho kwe-Inserm). Izingane ezithintekayo zinobunzima bezimoto, ikakhulukazi ekuhleleni, ukuhlela kanye nokuxhumanisa ukunyakaza okuyinkimbinkimbi. Ngemisebenzi edinga ukuhlanganiswa kwemoto ethile, ngaleyo ndlela banokusebenza okuphansi kunaleyo elindelwe ingane eneminyaka efanayo ekuphileni kwayo kwansuku zonke (ukugqoka, indlu yangasese, ukudla, njll.) nasesikoleni (izinkinga zokubhala). . Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kwakamuva kungase kuveze ubunzima ku hlola amanani ezinombolo ngendlela eqondile futhi ukhathazeke ngokudidayo kwendawo kanye nenhlangano yendawo.
Uma izingane ezine-dyspraxia zingaba nazo izinkinga zezibalo futhi ezinombolweni zokufunda, izindlela ezithintekayo azisungulwa. Abacwaningi be-Inserm bahlole lobu bunzima, ngokwenza ucwaningo lwezingane ezingu-20 ezine-dyspraxic kanye nezingane ezingu-20 ezingenazo izinkinga ze-dys, ezineminyaka engaba ngu-8 noma engu-9 ubudala. Kwabonakala sengathi umqondo wangaphakathi wenombolo yangaphambili ushintshiwe. Ngoba lapho "ukulawula" ingane ingakwazi ukubona inani lezinto eqenjini elincane ngokubheka nje, ingane ene-dyspraxia iba nesikhathi esinzima. Izingane ezine-Dyspraxic baphinde balethe ubunzima ekubaleni izinto, okungase kusekelwe ekuphazamisekeni kokunyakaza kwamehlo.
Ukubala okunensayo nokunembe kancane
Kulesi sifundo, izingane ezine-dyspraxic futhi izingane "zokulawula" (ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kwe-dys) zaphasa izinhlobo ezimbili zokuhlolwa kwekhompiyutha: esikrinini, amaqembu avela iphuzu elilodwa kuya kwayisishiyagalombili avela, kungaba ngendlela "yokukhanya" (ngaphansi kwesekhondi elilodwa), noma ngaphandle komkhawulo. isikhathi. Kuzo zombili lezi zimo, izingane zacelwa ukuba zisho inani lamaphuzu ethulwe. “Lapho benesikhathi esinqunyelwe, okuhlangenwe nakho kukhanga amandla ezingane okushintsha, okusho ukuthi umqondo wenombolo ozalwa nawo owenza kube nokwenzeka ukunquma ngokushesha inani leqembu elincane lezinto, ngaphandle kokudinga ukubala ngamunye ngamunye. Esimeni sesibili, kubalwa. », Icacisa uCaroline Huron, obehola lo msebenzi.
Ukunyakaza kwamehlo kubuye kwahlaziywa ngokulandelela iso, ukukala ukuthi umuntu ubukeka kuphi futhi kanjani kusetshenziswa ukukhanya kwe-infrared okukhishelwe ngaseso. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, abacwaningi bathola lokho izingane ezine-dyspraxic zibonakala zinembe kancane futhi zihamba kancane kuyo yomibili imisebenzi. “Ukuthi banaso isikhathi sokubala, baqala ukwenza amaphutha ngaphezu kwamaphuzu ama-3. Lapho inombolo iphakeme, bayephuza ukunikeza impendulo yabo, okuyinto evame ukungalungile. Ukulandelela kwamehlo kwabonisa ukuthi yabo bheka kunzima ukuhlala ugxilile. Amehlo azo ashiya okuqondiwe futhi izingane zivame ukwenza amaphutha okufaka noma ukususa okukodwa. », Ufingqa umcwaningi.
Gwema “imisebenzi yokubala njengoba yenziwa ekilasini”
Ngakho ithimba lesayensi lisikisela lokho izingane ezine-dyspraxic babalwe kabili noma beqe amaphuzu athile phakathi nokubala kwabo. Kusazonqunywa, ngokusho kwakhe, umsuka walokhu kunyakaza kwamehlo okungasebenzi, futhi uma kuwukubonakaliswa kobunzima bokuqonda noma uma benaka. Ukwenza lokhu, ukuhlola kwe-neuroimaging kuzokwenza kube nokwenzeka ukwazi ukuthi ingabe umehluko uvela phakathi kwamaqembu amabili ezingane ezifundeni ezithile zobuchopho, njengesifunda se-parietal esibandakanyeka enambeni. Kodwa ngokwezinga elingokoqobo, “lo msebenzi usikisela ukuthi lezi zingane azikwazi ukwakha umqondo wezinombolo kanye nenani ngendlela eqinile kakhulu. », Amanothi Inserm.
Nakuba le nkinga ingase ibangele ubunzima bakamuva kuzibalo, abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kungase kwenzeke ukuphakamisa indlela yokufundisa eguquliwe. “Ukubala izivivinyo njengoba kuvame ukuzijwayeza ekilasini kufanele kukhuthazwe. Ukusiza, uthisha kufanele akhombe into ngayinye ngayinye ngayinye ukusiza ukuthuthukisa umqondo wezinombolo. Kukhona nesoftware efanelekile ukusiza ukubala futhi. », Ugcizelela uSolwazi uCaroline Huron. Ngakho ososayensi benze izivivinyo ezithile ukuze basize lezi zingane ngaphakathi kohlaka lokusebenzisana ne-“Fantastic Schoolbag”, inhlangano efisa ukwenza lula. imfundo yezingane ezine-dyspraxic.