I-Dysphasia iyinkinga ethile, enzima futhi ehlala njalo yolimi lomlomo. Ukuvuselelwa, ikakhulukazi ukwelapha ngenkulumo, kuvumela izingane ezine-dysphasic ukuthi zithuthuke naphezu kokuphikelela kwalesi sifo zibe abantu abadala. 

Incazelo ye-dysphasia

I-Dysphasia noma i-Primary Oral Language Disorder iwukuphazamiseka kwe-neurodevelopmental yolimi lomlomo. Lokhu kuphazamiseka kubangela ukushoda okukhulu nokuhlala njalo ekuthuthukisweni kokukhiqizwa kanye / noma ukuqonda inkulumo nolimi. Lesi sifo, esiqala lapho sizalwa, sikhona kukho konke ukuphila, ngokwezinga elikhulu noma elincane kuye ngokuthi indlela yokwelapha ebuntwaneni. 

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-dysphasia: 

• I-Expressive dysphasia ebonakala ngobunzima bokukhiqiza umlayezo 
• I-dysphasia eyamukelayo ibonakala ngobunzima bokuqonda umlayezo 
• I-Mixed dysphasia: ubunzima bokukhiqiza nokuqonda umlayezo 

Izimbangela 

I-Dysphasia iwukuphazamiseka okuthile okungabangelwa ukukhubazeka kwengqondo, ukungalungi kahle ngomlomo noma ngomlomo noma ukukhubazeka kwezemfundo noma ukuntula, noma ukuphazamiseka kokuzwa noma ukungakwazi ukuxhumana. 

I-Dysphasia ixhunyaniswe nokungasebenzi kahle kwezinhlaka zobuchopho ezinikezelwe ngokuqondile olimini.  

kwesifo

Ukuxilongwa kwe-dysphasia akukwazi ukwenziwa ngaphambi kokuba ingane ibe neminyaka engu-5 ubudala. Sekuvele kudingekile kakade ukuhlola ukuthi izimpawu eziphawuliwe ziyanyamalala yini ngemva kokwelashwa kwenkulumo futhi uma ingekho enye imbangela enjengokuntula ingqondo.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-dysphasia kanye nezinga layo lobunzima kusungulwa ochwepheshe abaningana ngemva kokuhlolwa nokuhlolwa ochwepheshe bezempilo abahlukahlukene emsebenzini ngamunye noma isikhungo solimi lwe-referenti: ukuya udokotela noma udokotela wezingane, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo noma neuropsychologist, isazi sokukhuluma, i-psychomotor therapist. 

Abantu abathintekayo 

Cishe u-2% wabantu uthintwa yi-dysphasia, ikakhulukazi abafana (Umthombo: Inserm 2015). Abafana bathinteka kakhulu ngokuphindwe kathathu kunamantombazane. I-Dysphasia ithinta okungenani ingane eyodwa kwezi-3 zeminyaka yesikole unyaka ngamunye eFrance. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi i-100% yabantu abadala baye bahlushwa i-dysphasia futhi bagcina ulimi okunzima ukuluqonda. 

Izici zengozi 

I-Dysphasia kuthiwa inengxenye yofuzo. Ukuphazamiseka kokukhula kolimi lomlomo noma ubunzima bokufunda ulimi olubhaliwe kuvame ukutholakala kubazali kanye / noma izingane zakubo zezingane ezine-dysphasia.

Ukuphazamiseka kolimi lomlomo

Izingane ezine-dysphasia zihlushwa ulimi lomlomo olukhubazekile. Bakhuluma sekwephuzile, kabi, futhi banenkinga yokukhuluma ngomlomo.

Izimpawu ze-dysphasia

• Ingane ayikwazi ukuthola amazwi akhe 
• Ingane iziveza ngemisho emifushane, ngesitayela se-telegraphic (amagama angaphezu kwama-3), isibonelo, "mina ngidlale iloli"
• Ukhuluma kancane
• Akabuzi neze imibuzo 
• Unenkinga yokuveza lokho akuzwayo, akufunayo, akucabangayo
• Asiqondi ukuthi uthini 
• Unezinkinga ze-syntactic (ukuphenduka kwemisho)
• Amazwi Akhe awanayo incazelo nokuvumelana 
• Kunegebe elikhulu phakathi kokuqonda kwakhe kanye nenkulumo yakhe yomlomo
• Akayiqondi imiyalo elula (nikeza, thatha)

Ingane ene-dysphasic ikhuluma ngaphandle kokukhuluma 

Izingane ezine-dysphasia zizama ukunqoba ubunzima bazo ekukhulumisaneni ngokusebenzisa ukuxhumana okungakhulumi (ukushukuma komzimba, isimo sobuso, imidwebo, njll.)

Izinkinga ezihlobene ne-dysphasia 

I-Dysphasia ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nezinye iziyaluyalu ezifana ne-dyslexia / dysorthography, ukuphazamiseka kokunaka noma ngaphandle kokusebenza ngokweqile (ADD / HD) noma / kanye nokuphazamiseka kokutholwa kokuxhumanisa (i-TAC noma i-dyspraxia). 

Ukwelashwa kusekelwe ekwelashweni kwenkulumo, okuhlala isikhathi eside futhi kuhlelwe kahle. Lokhu akulaphi kepha kuyasiza ingane ukukhokhela ukusilela kwayo. 

Ukuvuselelwa kokwelashwa kwenkulumo kungahlanganiswa nokusekelwa kwabanye ochwepheshe: i-psychomotor therapist, i-occupational therapist, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo, isazi samathambo.

I-Dysphasia ayikwazi ukuvinjelwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho kunakekelwa kusenesikhathi, izinzuzo ziba nkulu futhi kulapho ingane ene-dysphasia ingase ilandele imfundo evamile.