I-Dysorthography ukukhubazeka kokufunda. Njengakwezinye izinkinga ze-DYS, ukwelashwa kokukhuluma kuyindlela eyinhloko yokusiza ingane ene-dysorthography.

Incazelo

I-Dysorthography ukukhubazeka okuhlala njalo kokufunda okubonakala ngokuntuleka okuphawulekayo nokuhlala njalo kokufaniswa kwemithetho yesipelingi. 

Imvamisa kuhlotshaniswa ne-dyslexia kepha futhi ingaba khona ngokuzihlukanisa. Ngokubambisana, i-dyslexia ne-dysorthography yakha ukuphazamiseka okuthile ekutholeni ulimi olubhaliwe, olubizwa nge-dyslexia-dysorthography. 

Izimbangela 

I-dysorthography imvamisa ingumphumela wokukhubazeka kokufunda (isibonelo, i-dyslexia). Njenge-dyslexia, lokhu kuphazamiseka kunemizwa futhi kuyifa. Izingane ezine-dysorthography zinokushoda kwengqondo. Owokuqala owe-phonological: izingane ezine-dysorthography zizoba namakhono aphansi wephonological nolimi kunezinye izingane. Owesibili owokungasebenzi kahle kwe-visuotemporal: izingane ezine-dysorthography zinobunzima bokubona ukunyakaza nolwazi olusheshayo, ukuphazamiseka okubonakalayo kokungafani, ama-jerks nokulungiswa kwamehlo kwe-anarchic. 

kwesifo 

Ukuhlolwa kokwelashwa kokukhuluma kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuxilongwa kwe-dysorthography. Lokhu kufaka ukuhlolwa kokuqwashisa ngemisindvo kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-visuo-attence. Lokhu kuhlola kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukutholakala kwesifo se-dys disorder kepha futhi nokuhlola ubunzima baso. Ukuhlolwa kwe-neuropsychological nakho kungenziwa ukuthola kangcono ubunzima bengane nokusetha ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu. 

Abantu abathintekayo 

Cishe i-5 kuya ku-8% yezingane inezinkinga ze-DYS: i-dyslexia, i-dyspraxia, i-dysorthography, i-dyscalculia, njll. Ukukhubazeka kokufunda okuninganiselwe ukufunda nokupela (i-dyslexia-dysorthography) kumelela ngaphezu kwe-80% yokukhubazeka kokufunda. 

Izici zengozi

I-Dysorthography inezici ezifanayo zobungozi njengezinye izinkinga ze-DYS. Lokhu kukhubazeka kokufunda kuyathandwa yizinto zokwelashwa (ukungakhuli ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ukuhlupheka kokubeletha), izinto ezingokwengqondo noma ezithintekayo (ukungabi nogqozi), izici zofuzo (lapho kuvela khona ukuguqulwa kohlelo lobuchopho olubhekele ukwenziwa kolimi olubhaliwe), izici zehomoni nezici zemvelo (imvelo eyayincishwe amathuba).

I-Dysorthography ibonakala ngezimpawu eziningana ezingahlukaniswa ngezigaba eziningana. Izimpawu eziyinhloko ukubhala kancane, okungajwayelekile, nokungahleleki. 

Ubunzima ekuguqulweni kwamagama kanye ne-grapheme

Ingane eyi-dysorthographic inenkinga yokuhlanganisa i-grapheme nomsindo. Lokhu kubonakala ngokudideka phakathi kwemisindo esondele, ukuguqulwa kwezinhlamvu, ukufaka igama kufakwe igama elingumakhelwane, amaphutha ekukopisheni amagama. 

Izinkinga zokulawula ze-Semantic

Ukuhluleka ngokomqondo kubangela ukungakwazi ukukhumbula amagama nokusetshenziswa kwawo. Lokhu kuholela emaphutheni we-homophone (izikelemu, okuluhlaza…) namaphutha wokusika (ukungahambisani nesudi ngokwesibonelo…)

Izinkinga ze-Morphosyntactic 

Izingane ezine-dysorthography zidida izigaba zohlelo futhi zinobunzima bokusebenzisa izimpawu zomaki (ubulili, inombolo, isijobelelo, isabizwana, njll.)

Ukwehluleka kokwenziwa nokutholwa kwemithetho yesipelingi 

Ingane enesipelingi inenkinga yokukhumbula isipelingi samagama ajwayelekile futhi ajwayelekile.

Ukwelashwa kusekelwe ekwelashweni kwenkulumo, okuhlala isikhathi eside futhi kuhlelwe kahle. Lokhu akulaphi kepha kuyasiza ingane ukukhokhela ukusilela kwayo.

Ukuvuselelwa kokwelashwa kwenkulumo kungahlotshaniswa nokuvuselelwa kwe-graphotherapist kanye ne-psychomotor Therapist.

Ukwehlukaniswa kwezimpawu akunakuvinjelwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho kutholakala ngokushesha futhi yelashwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, izinzuzo ziya ngokwanda. 

Izimpawu ze-dyslexia-dysorthography zingatholakala enkulisa: ukuphazamiseka okuqhubekayo kolimi lomlomo, ubunzima ekuhlaziyweni komsindo, ukuphatha, ukwahlulela okunemvumelwano, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ukuphazamiseka kokubheka kanye / noma inkumbulo.