Isifo sikashukela yisazi se-endocrinologist esigxile ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela kanye nezinkinga zaso. Nini, kungani futhi kangaki ukuxhumana nodokotela wesifo sikashukela? Iyini indima yakhe? Yini ongayilindela ngokubonisana? 

Udokotela wesifo sikashukela ungudokotela we-endocrinologist ogxile ocwaningweni, ekuhlolweni, ekuqapheni nasekwelapheni isifo sikashukela kanye nezinkinga zaso. Udokotela wesifo sikashukela usebenza ngokubambisana nodokotela ojwayelekile wesiguli. Lo msebenzi usebenza esibhedlela noma enkambisweni yangasese. Ukubonisana kubuyiselwa ngokuphelele ngukuphepha kwezenhlalo lapho kuvunyelwana ngezimali zayo.

Ukwaziswa kakhulu, udokotela wesifo sikashukela unikeza isiguli konke okusha kwezokwelapha ngokuzihlola ngokwakho i-glucose yegazi, imishanguzo noma imishini yokujova i-insulin. Kubuye kuxhumanise isiguli namanethiwekhi ezempilo esifo sikashukela futhi kubaqondise kochwepheshe abehlukene uma kuba nezinkinga.

Isifo sikashukela yisifo esingelapheki esibi esidinga ukuphathwa okuthile. Uma unezivivinyo zegazi eziphakamisa ukumelana ne-insulin, ama-prediabetes noma isifo sikashukela esimenyezelwe, udokotela ojwayelekile angancoma ukuthi uthintane nodokotela we-endocrinologist ogxile kwezesifo sikashukela: udokotela onesifo sikashukela.

Ngokuvamile, udokotela ojwayelekile kanye nodokotela wesifo sikashukela bagcina ukushintshana ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi nokuvumelana kokulandelwa kokwelapha.

Udokotela ojwayelekile uyawazi umlando, indlela yokuphila yesiguli kanye nomongo wokuqala kwalesi sifo. Ungumqhubi wokulandelwa kwezokwelapha futhi uqondisa isiguli kudokotela wesifo sikashukela noma kwabanye ochwepheshe lapho imibuzo eminingi ejulile isebenza. Udokotela ojwayelekile futhi nguyena obeka izivivinyo ezijwayelekile (i-cholesterol, i-triglycerides, i-hemoglobin ene-glycated…) Ukuze kubhekwe inqubekela phambili yesiguli. Udokotela ojwayelekile uyatholakala esigulini nganoma yisiphi isiqondiso noma iseluleko esisheshayo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, noma iziphi izinkinga noma isidingo sokuguqulwa kokwelashwa kumele kube yinto exoxwa nodokotela wesifo sikashukela owazisa izinqumo zakhe kudokotela ojwayelekile. Izinkinga ngokuvamile zinqamulelayo, zenso, zamehlo noma zenhliziyo. Udokotela wesifo sikashukela angabiza omunye uchwepheshe lapho lo mbuzo udlula umkhakha wakhe wobungcweti.

Esimweni sohlobo 1 sikashukela

Uma ngabe unohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 (noma isifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin): ukuqapha ngudokotela wesifo sikashukela kubalulekile. Ngempela, lo chwepheshe ufundisa isiguli ukuthola ukuzimela kwakhe. Isiguli sifinyelela ekwazini uhlobo lwe-insulin edingekayo, ukuhlolwa komthamo wayo kanye nobuningi kanye nokufezeka kwemijovo.

Esimweni sohlobo 2 sikashukela

Ukubonana nodokotela besifo sikashukela akudingekile. Udokotela ojwayelekile kanye ne-endocrinologist bavame ukusebenza. Inhloso yokubonisana ukuqoqa izindlela zokuphila ezinempilo ukuze zitholwe (ukudla okunomsoco okunenkomba ephansi ye-glycemic, ukuvivinya umzimba njalo, njll.).

Lapho ukulawulwa kwalezi zimingcele kunganele, udokotela anganikeza ukwelashwa ngomlomo: i-metformin (i-biguanides), i-sulfonylureas, i-glinides, i-gliptins (noma i-dipeptidyl-peptinase 4 inhibitors), i-GLP 1 analogue, amathumbu we-alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, ama-glifozins (inhibitors of i-enzyme ekhona ezinso: SGLT2), insulins.

Kunconywa ukuthi uqale ukwelashwa nge-metformin (noma uma ungabekezelelani noma uphikise, nge-sulphonylurea). Uma kwenzeka ukumelana nala ma-molecule, udokotela ungeza ama-antidiabetics amabili ahambisanayo. Kwesinye isikhathi kuyadingeka ukunikeza umuthi wesithathu wesifo sikashukela ngomlomo, noma i-insulin.

Esimweni sohlobo 1 sikashukela

Iziguli kufanele zibonane nodokotela besifo sikashukela okungenani kanye ngonyaka. Ngokufanelekile, isiguli sivakashela uchwepheshe waso izikhathi ezi-4 ngonyaka (imvamisa ehambisana nenani lezivivinyo ze-hemoglobin (HbA1c) ezokwenziwa minyaka yonke) ukuze kuqashwe ngokucophelela ukulandelwa kwemithi yakhe yokujova.

Esimweni sohlobo 2 sikashukela

Ukubonisana nodokotela wesifo sikashukela akubalulekile kepha kuhlala kunconywa ngokuqinile okungenani okungenani kanye ngonyaka (futhi okungu-4) ukuze kulungiswe imiyalo yokudla nokuphathwa kwemithi yokwelashwa.

Ngesikhathi sokubonisana kokuqala, udokotela wesifo sikashukela wenza ukuhlolwa komtholampilo, inhlolokhono futhi ufunda imibhalo okunconyelwa ukuthi uze nayo:

• incwadi yokudlulisela evela kudokotela wakho ojwayelekile;
• ukuhlolwa kwezokwelashwa kanye nemibhalo evumela umlando wesifo ukulandelelwa;
• ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwakamuva.

Ekupheleni kokubonisana, udokotela wesifo sikashukela angahle alungise ukwelashwa kwakho, anikeze izivivinyo ezintsha ezizokwenziwa noma akuthumele komunye uchwepheshe uma kuba nezinkinga.