En ukwelashwa komdanso, umzimba uba yithuluzi esifunda ngalo ukuzizwa kahle ngathi, ukuphuma ekhanda lethu, ukubuyisa amandla engane. Ukwelapha ngomdanso kuhlose ukuzazi kanye nokukhipha izingxabano nokuvinjelwa okuqoshwe enkumbulweni yomzimba. Ohlelweni ngokomzimba, ithuthukisa ukujikeleza, ukuxhumana kanye nethoni yemisipha. Ohlelweni ingqondo nangokomzwelo, kuqinisa ukuzigomela, kuvuselela amandla obuhlakani nokudala, futhi kuvumela umuntu ukuba ahlangabezane nemizwa okunzima ukuyiveza ngezinye izikhathi ngomlomo: intukuthelo, ukukhungatheka, umuzwa wokuzihlukanisa, njll.

Iseshini ye- ukwelashwa komdanso kwenzeka ngabodwana noma ngamaqembu, endaweni ebukeka njengestudiyo sokudansa kunehhovisi lomelaphi. Emhlanganweni wokuqala, umeluleki ufuna ukuchaza izisusa nezinhloso zenqubo, bese eqhubeka nomdanso nokunyakaza. Ukunyakaza kungaba okwenziwe ngcono noma cha futhi ziyahlukahluka kuye ngesitayela somelaphi. I- Umculo akahlali ekhona; eqenjini, kungaba yinto ehlanganisayo, kodwa ukuthula kuthanda ukusesha isigqi ngokwakho.

Ukwakha isimo sokwethembana nobumbano nokukhuthaza ukuqaphela womzimba wakhe nendawo ezungezile, abanye abelaphi basebenzisa izinto ezihlukahlukene, ngezinye izikhathi ezingavamile, njengebhaluni eliyimitha elilodwa ububanzi! Ukwelapha ngomdanso kukuvumela ukuthi uphinde uthole i-anatomy yakho futhi uveze imizwa eminingi, imizwa nemicabango. Ekupheleni kweseshini, singaxoxa ngezinto ezitholakele kanye nemizwa ezwakele ngesikhathi sokusebenza komzimba. Lokhu kushintshana kungaholela ekuqwashiseni futhi kuqondise izinyathelo ezilandelayo kule nqubo.

Ukudansa bekulokhu kungenye ye imikhuba ye ukuphulukiswa¹ kanye nokugubha amasiko endabuko. Emphakathini wethu, ukwelashwa komdanso kwavela ngawo-1940. Iphendule, phakathi kokunye, ngesidingo sokutholwa kwendlela engakhulumi yokwelapha iziguli eziphethwe yilesi sifo izifo zengqondo. Amaphayona ahlukahlukene azenzele izindlela zawo akhuthazwa izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokunyakaza komzimba^2-5 .

Ngo-1966, ukusungulwa kwe-American Dance Therapy Association (bona Amasayithi Athakaselwayo) kwenza abelaphi bomdanso bakwazi ukuthola ukuqashelwa okuchwepheshile. Kusukela lapho, le nhlangano ilawule izindinganiso zokuqeqeshwa kokwelashwa ngomdanso futhi ihlanganisa ndawonye ochwepheshe abavela emazweni angama-47.

Kubonakala sengathi ukwelashwa komdanso ingafanelana nabantu bayo yonke iminyaka nazo zonke izimo futhi kungasiza, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukukhuthaza impilo jikelele, isithombe kanye neukuzethemba, futhi unciphise ukucindezeleka, ukwesaba, ukukhathazeka, ukungezwani komzimba nobuhlungu obungapheli. Emaqenjini, ukwelashwa komdanso bekuzokhuthaza ukuhlangana kabusha komphakathi, ukuzazi wena kanye nesikhala somuntu kanye nokudala izibopho zemizwa. Kungase futhi kunikeze umuzwa we inhlalakahle ozalwa yinjabulo yokuba seqenjini.

I-meta-analysis eyanyatheliswa ngo-1996⁶ waphetha ngokuthi ukwelapha ngomdanso kungase kuphumelele ekuthuthukiseni okuguquguqukayo okuthile ngokomzimba et kwengqondo. Kodwa-ke, ababhali balokhu kuhlaziywa kwe-meta baveze ukuthi iningi lezifundo zokwelashwa komdanso zinezinkinga ezahlukahlukene zendlela, kufaka phakathi ukungabikho kwamaqembu wokulawula, inani elincane lezifundo, nokusetshenziswa kwezinsimbi ezinganele ukukala umdanso. izinguquko. Kusukela lapho, kushicilelwe izifundo ezimbalwa zekhwalithi engcono.

 Ukwenza ngcono izinga lempilo yeziguli ezinomdlavuza. Isilingo esingahleliwe⁷ okubandakanya abesifazane abangu-33 abatholakala benomdlavuza webele eminyakeni engu-5 edlule futhi sebeqede ukwelashwa kwabo okungenani izinyanga ezingu-6 kwanyatheliswa ngo-2000. iyatholakala manje, ukukhathala kanye ne-somatization. Kodwa-ke, akukho mphumela owabonwa ngenxa yokucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka nokuguquguquka kwemizwelo.

Ngo-2005, kwashicilelwa izivivinyo ezimbili zomshayeli^8,9. Imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi ukudansa nokunyakaza kwamaviki angu-6 noma angu-12 kunganciphisa amazinga okucindezeleka futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza. ikhwalithi yokuphila abantu abanomdlavuza noma abaxolile.

 Yehlisa izinga lokukhathazeka. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-meta okuhlanganisa izifundo ezingu-23 sezizonke, kuhlanganise nezi-5 ezihlola imiphumela yokwelashwa komdanso ezingeni lokukhathazeka, kwanyatheliswa ngo-1996.⁶. Uphethe ngokuthi ukwelashwa komdanso kungase kusebenze ekwehliseni ukukhathazeka, kodwa izivivinyo ezilawulwa kahle zokusho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi ziyashoda. Kusukela lapho, sinye kuphela isilingo esilawulwayo esishicilelwe (ku-1)¹⁰. Imiphumela ikhombisa ukwehla kwezinga lokukhathazeka elihlobene nokuhlolwa kwabafundi abalandela izikhathi zokwelashwa komdanso amasonto ama-2.

 Yehlisa izimpawu zokucindezeleka. Isilingo esingahleliwe¹¹ okubandakanya amantombazane asemasha angama-40 anokucindezeleka okuncane ahlole imiphumela yohlelo lokudansa lwamasonto ayi-12. Ekupheleni kokuhlolwa, amantombazane asakhula eqenjini lokwelapha umdanso akhombisa ukwehla ezimpawu zawo ze ukucindezeleka kwengqondouma kuqhathaniswa neqembu lokulawula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugxila kwe-serotonin ne-dopamine, ama-neurotransmitters amabili, kwashintshwa kahle emantombazaneni asakhula ohlelweni lokwelapha ngomdanso.

 Khulula labo abaphethwe yi-fibromyalgia. Ngokufaka izilinganiso eziningana zemvelo engokomzimba, engokomzwelo, yokuqonda kanye namasiko, ukwelapha ngomdanso kunamandla okukhulula iziguli eziphethwe yi-fibromyalgia. Kunganciphisa yabo ukukhathala, ukucindezeleka kwabo kanye nabo ubuhlungu¹². Isilingo esisodwa esilawulwayo esishicilelwe esihlobene nale nkinga.¹². Ibandakanye abesifazane abangama-36 abane-fibromyalgia. Azikho izinguquko emazingeni egazi e-hormone yokucindezeleka i-cortisol ezibonwe kwabesifazane eqenjini ukwelashwa komdanso (iseshini esisodwa ngesonto izinyanga ze-6), uma kuqhathaniswa neqembu lokulawula (akukho ukungenelela). Abesifazane abaseqenjini lokwelapha umdanso, noma kunjalo, babike ushintsho oluhle ebuhlungwini ababuzwayo, ukuhamba kwabo namandla abo abalulekile.

 Siza iziguli ezine-schizophrenia. Ngo-2009, ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile¹³ ikhombe ucwaningo olulodwa kuphela¹⁴ ukuhlola imiphumela yokwelashwa komdanso ezimpawu ze-schizophrenia engapheli. Iziguli ezingamashumi amane nanhlanu, ngaphezu kokuthola ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile, zafakwa emaqenjini okudansa noma ukwelulekwa. Ngemuva kwamasonto ayi-10, iziguli eziseqenjini lomdanso zazinaka kakhulu ngezikhathi zokwelashwa futhi zazinezimpawu ezimbalwa zesifo. Ngemva kwezinyanga ezi-4, le miphumela efanayo yabonwa. Kodwa ngenxa yenani eliphezulu labashiye phakathi emaqenjini (ngaphezu kuka-30%), azikho iziphetho eziqinile ezingafinyelelwa.

 Ukusiza iziguli ezinesifo sikaParkinson. Ngo-2009, izifundo ezi-2 zahlola umthelela we umdanso womphakathi (I-tango ne-waltz) ekuhambeni kokusebenza nokulinganisela ezigulini esezikhulile ezinesifo sikaParkinson^{15, I-16}. Izikhathi zazifinyeziwe (amahora angu-1,5, izinsuku ezi-5 ngeviki amasonto ama-2) noma zahlukaniswa (amahora angama-20 asakazwa ngaphezu kwamasonto ayi-13). Imiphumela ikhombisa ukuthuthuka ngokwemigomo ye- ukuhamba sebenza, i-gait futhi olinganiselayo. Ababhali baphetha ngokuthi izikhathi zokudansa, noma ngabe ziyagoqelwa noma zihlukanisiwe, kufanele zingeniswe empilweni yansuku zonke yabantu abaneParkinson's.

 Thuthukisa ibhalansi yabantu abadala. Ngo-2009, izifundo ezi-2 zahlola umphumela weseshini yamasonto onke ye umdanso we-jazz kwabesifazane abanempilo engaphezu kuka-50^{17, I-18}. Amaviki ayishumi nanhlanu okuzilolonga, ngesilinganiso seseshini eyodwa ngesonto, aholele ekuthuthukisweni okukhuluolinganiselayo.

La ukwelashwa komdanso wenziwa ezimweni eziningi ezihlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi emisebenzini yangasese, ezibhedlela zezifo zengqondo, izikhungo zokunakekela isikhathi eside, izikhungo zokuhlunyeleliswa kwezimilo, izikhungo zokuhlunyeleliswa kwemilutha yotshwala nemilutha yezidakamizwa, izikhungo zezelelesi ezisencane kanye nasezindaweni zokuhlunyeleliswa kwezimilo nasezindaweni zokuhlala abadala.

E-Quebec, bambalwa abelaphi bomdanso abagunyazwe yi-ADTA. Ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuthi kuqinisekiswe ikhono labangeneleli ngabanye ngabanye ngokubuza ngokuqeqeshwa kwabo nolwazi lwabo dance kanye ne therapists.

Izinhlelo eziningi ze-master in ukwelashwa komdanso ayatholakala e-United States nasemazweni ahlukahlukene. Iningi ligunyazwe yi-American Dance Therapy Association (ADTA). Emazweni anganikeli ngezinhlelo eziyinhloko, i-ADTA isebenzise olunye uhlelo, Umzila Ohlukile. Ihloselwe abantu abazongenela ukhetho abaneziqu ze-master's kwezomdanso noma ekusizeni ubudlelwano (imisebenzi yezenhlalo, ezengqondo, imfundo ekhethekile, njll.) abafisa ukuqhubeka nokuqeqeshwa kwabo ekwelashweni komdanso.

Njengamanje, alukho uhlelo lwenkosi ekwelashweni komdanso eQuebec. Kodwa-ke, uhlelo lweMasters in Arts Therapy, olunikezwa e-Concordia University, lufaka nezifundo ozikhethela zona ekwelashweni komdanso.¹⁹. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iNyuvesi yaseQuebec eMontreal (UQAM) inikela, ngaphakathi kohlaka lwe-2^e umjikelezo kumdanso, ezinye izifundo ezinganikezwa i-ADTA²⁰.

Goodill Sharon W. Isingeniso seMedical DanceMovement Therapy: Health Care in Motion, Jessica Kingsley Publishers, Great Britain, 2005.

Incwadi ebhalwe kahle kakhulu ephathelene ikakhulukazi nokusetshenziswa kokwelashwa komdanso esimweni sezokwelapha.

U-Klein J.-P. Ukwelashwa kwezobuciko. U-Ed. Amadoda kanye nemibono, France, 1993.

Umbhali uhlola bonke ubuciko bokukhuluma – umdanso, umculo, izinkondlo kanye nobuciko obubonwayo. Incwadi ethokozisayo eyethula amathuba endlela ngayinye yobuciko njengendlela yokungenelela.

I-Lesage Benoît. Ukudansa Enqubweni Yokwelapha – Izisekelo, Amathuluzi kanye Nomtholampilo Ku-Dance Therapy, Éditions Érès, France, 2006.

Umsebenzi ominyene ohloselwe kakhulu ochwepheshe, kodwa owethula ngokuqinile uhlaka lwethiyori kanye nokusebenza komtholampilo ekwelashweni komdanso.

Ulevy Fran S. I-Dance Movement Therapy: I-Healing Art. I-American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, États-Unis, 1992.

Okwakudala ekwelashweni komdanso. Umlando namathonya endlela e-United States.

Morange Ionna. The sacred in motion: Incwadi yokwelapha yokudansa. UDiamantel, eFrance, ngo-2001.

Umbhali unikeza izivivinyo zokuzikhulula ekuvinjweni kwamandla futhi ufunde ukuhlala emzimbeni wakho.

Naess Lewin Joan L. Umdanso Therapy Notebook. I-American Dance Therapy Association, United States, ngo-1998.

Le ncwadi iveza okubonwa ngudokotela onamava. Kwabaqalayo nabachwepheshe.

Roth Gabrielle. Izindlela ze-Ecstasy: Izimfundiso ezivela ku-shaman wedolobha. Izinguqulo ze-du Roseau, Canada, 1993.

Ngomdanso, ingoma, ukubhala, ukuzindla, imidlalo yeshashalazi nemikhuba, umbhali usimema ukuthi sivuse futhi siwasebenzise ngokunenzuzo amandla ethu acashile.

U-Roulin Paula. I-Biodanza, umdanso wokuphila. I-Recto-Verseau editions, Switzerland, 2000.

Umsuka, izisekelo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-biodance. Ithuluzi lokuthuthuka komuntu siqu nezenhlalo.

Sandel S, Chaiklin S, Lohn A. Izisekelo Zokudansa/Ukwelashwa Kokunyakaza : Impilo Nomsebenzi ka-Marian Chace, I-Marian Chace Foundation ye-American Dance Therapy Association, États-Unis, 1993.

Ukwethulwa kwendlela kaMarian Chace, omunye wamaphayona aseMelika owasebenzisa umdanso njengethuluzi lokungenelela empilweni yengqondo.

I-American Dance Therapy Association (ADTA)

Amazinga okusebenza nokuqeqeshwa, inkomba yamazwe ngamazwe yabelaphi bezobuciko nezikole, i-bibliography, ulwazi ngemisebenzi, njll.

www.adta.org

I-American Journal of Dance Therapy

Umagazini lapho kushicilelwa khona ucwaningo kanye nemibono yokwelapha ngomdanso.

www.sinhalalel.com

Imithi yokwakha yobuciko - iConcordia University

http://art-therapy.concordia.ca

UMnyango Wokudansa - University of Quebec eMontreal (UQAM)

www.danse.uqam.ca

I-National Coalition of Creative Arts Therapies Associations (NCCATA)

Ukwethulwa kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zokwelapha ngobuciko. I-NCCATA imele izinhlangano ezingochwepheshe ezizinikele ekuthuthukisweni kokwelashwa kwezobuciko njengethuluzi lokungenelela.

www.nccata.org