Ukuze uqonde i-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela, okokuqala kudingekile ukwazi ukuthi i-glucose ingumthombo oyinhloko womzimba wethu. Lapho umzimba untula, isikhathi eside kakhulu, esikhundleni salokho udonsa emafutheni ukuze ungantuli amandla. Uma ingekho i-insulin eyanele egazini, okuba njalo kubantu abanesifo sikashukela, amaseli awasakwazi ukusebenzisa i-glucose ekhona egazini. Ngoba i-insulin iyi-hormone - ekhiqizwa amanyikwe ngokwemvelo - esiza ukuletha i-glucose kumaseli obuchopho, izicubu ze-adipose, isibindi nemisipha yamathambo. Ngakho-ke igcina ushukela wegazi ngamanani avamile.

I-acidocétose

Lapho ukushoda kwe-insulin kubi kakhulu, umzimba, esikhundleni sokusebenzisa i-glucose, uphoqeleka ukuthi usebenzise amafutha ukuze uthole amandla. Kuyasebenza, kodwa inkinga iwukuthi ukuphula la mafutha kwenza ama-ketone, noma i-acetone. Kodwa-ke, le mizimba ye-ketone iyimfucuza. Umzimba ungaqeda lezi zinto ezinobuthi… kuze kube seqophelweni elithile. Uma kuningi kakhulu, uzithola “esegajwe kanzima”. “Ama-ketone ane-acidic. Ngokunqwabelana egazini, lenza libe ne-asidi kakhulu, ”kuziba uProfessor Boris Hansel, i-endocrinologist-nutritionist esibhedlela i-Bichat eParis (APHP). “Kuyi-ketoacidosis, inkinga enkulu yesifo sikashukela. Kuthinta abantu abanesifo sikashukela abangakwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kwe-insulin. ” Ngakho-ke ngokuvamile bayiziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, ngezinye izikhathi uhlobo 2.

I-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela ibonakaliswa “ukwehla kwesisindo okuphawulekayo nokusheshayo, ukoma okukhulu, isidingo sokuchama kakhulu, ukukhathala. Umuntu othintekile naye unokuphefumula kwe-apula, ngenxa yokukhishwa kwe-acetone, ”kuchaza uSolwazi Hansel. Ukuphefumula ngokushesha, ubuhlungu besisu, isicanucanu nokuhlanza nakho kungenzeka. Njengokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, njengoba sichama kakhulu.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-insulin ejovayo, kanye nokufundiswa kwesiguli, kwehlisa izinga le-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela. "Kodwa kuseyinkinga evame kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezinesifo sikashukela, okungakatholakali ukuxilongwa kwazo", kugcizelela uSolwazi Hansel. Ezinganeni, ezimweni ezintathu, kuyisiqephu se-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela esiveza uhlobo 1 lwesifo sikashukela (lapho amanyikwe engasakhiqizi i-insulin eyanele). Kungakho ezinye izimpawu ezinganeni - ukoma okukhulu, isifiso sokuchama njalo, ukukhathala, ukwehla kwesisindo somzimba… - kufanele ziholele abazali ekubeni basole isifo sikashukela, futhi babonane. U-Ditto uma eqala ukumanzisa umbhede futhi lapho "ehlanzekile". Lezi zonke izimpawu ze-hyperglycemia. Ngisho nangaphezulu uma kunomlando emndenini. Izimpawu zokuqala zivame ukuthathwa kwenye i-pathology. Kodwa ukubonisana kuzokwenza kube nokwenzeka ukwenza ukuxilongwa okufanele ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi. Ukwazi izimpawu ze-hyperglycemia enganeni kubaluleke kakhulu: kungasiza ngempela ukuvimbela ingozi. Le ngozi ingase futhi ibangele ukukhohlwa umthamo we-insulin, i-insulin ethathwe ngomthamo onganele, ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela esingalawulwa kahle. Noma kwenzeka ngemva kokutheleleka okufana nomkhuhlane: lesi sifo singase sidinge umthamo we-insulin ongaphezu kovamile. Ukukhishwa kwamazinyo, ukungabekezelelani kokugaya ukudla, uhambo olude ngezinye izimbangela.

I-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela iqala phakathi namahora, noma izinsuku. “Kuyisimo esiphuthumayo esiphelele,” kuxwayisa uProfesa Hansel. Ngokungabaza okuncane, i-reflex eyodwa kuphela: thatha isiqondiso sezimo eziphuthumayo. Isifo sikashukela i-ketoacidosis siyingozi embi kakhulu, ngoba uma ingelashwa, ingaholela ekukhomeni. Sikhuluma nge- "ketoacidosis coma". Kungafaka ngisho nokuphila komuntu oyisisulu engozini.

I-Hyperglycemia, ene-acetone emchamweni noma egazini, "ibonisa" ukuxilongwa. Lapho ekwi-hyperglycemia (okungukuthi, ushukela wegazi ongaphezu kuka-2,5 g/l), onesifo sikashukela kufanele abheke ngokuhlelekile ukuthi kukhona imizimba ye-ketone emchameni wakhe (enezicucu zomchamo) noma egazini lakhe (ene-ketone). imitha yeglucose yegazi). Uma kunjalo, kuyodingeka aye esibhedlela ngaphandle kokulibala, ukuze athole ukwelashwa okusebenza kahle kakhulu njengoba kade kwakuqala.

I-Ketoacidosis yisimo esiphuthumayo esidinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela. Ukwelashwa kusekelwe ezinsikeni ezintathu: “ukunikeza i-insulin, ngokuvamile ngomthambo, ukulinganisa kabusha izinga likashukela egazini, ukugcwalisa, ukwengeza i-potassium.” “Emahoreni ayi-8 kuye kwayi-12, yonke into isibuyele kwesijwayelekile… inqobo nje uma kungathathi isikhathi eside ukuqala ukwelashwa. Kubalulekile ukubheka emuva, ukuhlonza ukuthi yini ebangele lesi siqephu, futhi ngaleyo ndlela sivimbele ukuthi singaphinde senzeke. Ekuvimbeleni, ukugwema ingozi enjalo, uhlelo lokwelapha isifo sikashukela kufanele lulandelwe ngokuphelele. Ngamanye amazwi, ukulawula ushukela wegazi kudinga ukugadwa kakhulu, nsuku zonke, izikhathi eziningana ngosuku. Futhi ukuba khona kwama-ketones kufanele kuhlolwe ngokushesha lapho kune-hyperglycemia. Izinyathelo ezibophayo, kunjalo, kodwa zibalulekile ukuze uphile ngokuthula nesifo sikashukela sakho.