Le i-cytomegalovirus, noma i-CMV, igciwane lomndeni wakwa i-herpesvirus (okuhlanganisa ikakhulukazi amagciwane abangela i-herpes yesikhumba, i-genital herpes kanye ne-chickenpox).

Yigciwane elibizwa ngokuthi yi-ubiquitous virus, elitholakala ku-50% wabantu emazweni asethuthukile. Ivamise ukucashile, akubangeli zimpawu. Kowesifazane okhulelwe, ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-CMV ingadluliselwa kumntwana nge-placenta futhi ingabangela izinkinga zokukhula.

Ezimweni eziningi, ukutheleleka nge-CMV akunakwa. Uma kunezimpawu, ngokuvamile zivela esikhathini esingangenyanga ngemva kokutheleleka futhi zibonakala ngomkhuhlane, ukukhathala, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ubuhlungu bemisipha nokuncipha kwesisindo. Ikakhulukazi zenzeka kubantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka.

Kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, a umkhuhlane ongachazwanga Ngakho kungase kuthethelele ukuhlolwa kwezinga legazi le-CMV. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uma ingena ku-fetus, i-CMV ingabangela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwentuthuko ngisho nokufa. Ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuhlonza ukuba khona kwegciwane uma kwenzeka kunezinsolo zokutheleleka komama nengane.

Kubantu abangenwe yileli gciwane, i-CMV itholakala emchameni, ematheni, ezinyembezini, ekuphumeni kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane noma emakhaleni, esidodeni, egazini noma obisini lwebele.

Ukuze abone ukuba khona kwe-CMV, udokotela uyala ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Ukuhlola bese kuba nesampula yegazi elisuka emthanjeni, ngokuvamile ekugoqeni kwendololwane. Ilabhorethri yokuhlaziya ibe isifuna ukuhlonza ukuba khona kwegciwane (kanye nokulilinganisa) noma amasosha omzimba alwa ne-CMV. Lokhu kuhlaziywa kunqunyelwe isibonelo ngaphambi kokufakelwa kwesitho, kubantu abangenawo amandla omzimba, ukuze kuhlolwe abesifazane abane-seronegative (abangakaze batheleleke) ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, njll. Akunasithakazelo sangempela kumuntu onempilo.

Ku-fetus, ukuba khona kwegciwane kutholwa ngu i-amniocentesis, okungukuthi, ukuthatha nokuhlaziya i-amniotic fluid lapho i-fetus ikhona.

Ukuhlolwa kwegciwane kungenziwa emchameni wengane kusukela izalwa (ngokwesiko elibangelwa amagciwane) uma ukukhulelwa kwenziwa kuze kube sekupheleni.

Uma umuntu kutholakala ukuthi unokutheleleka nge-CMV, utshelwa ukuthi angakwazi ukulidlulisela kalula leli gciwane. Okudingayo ukushintshanisa amathe, ukuya ocansini, noma idiphozithi ezandleni zeconsi elingcolile (ukuthimula, izinyembezi, njll.). Umuntu onaleli gciwane angathathelana amasonto ambalwa. Kungase kuqalwe ukwelashwa ngama-antiviral, ikakhulukazi kubantu abangenawo amandla omzimba.

E-France, unyaka ngamunye, cishe izifo ezingama-300 komama nengane ziyabonwa. Ukutheleleka ngegciwane okuvame kakhulu ukuthathelwana kusuka kumama kuya ku-fetus emazweni anezimboni.

Kulawa macala angu-300, kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe uhhafu uholela esinqumweni sokuyekiswa kokukhulelwa. Embuzweni, imiphumela emibi yalokhu kutheleleka ekukhuleni kwezinzwa ze-fetus.