Isikhulumi esivamile (Clitocybe phyllophila)

Okuhlelekile:
  • Isigaba: Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes)
  • Ukuhlukaniswa iziqephu: I-Agaricomycotina (Agaricomycetes)
  • Ikilasi: Agaricomycetes (Agaricomycetes)
  • Isigaba esingaphansi: I-Agaricomycetidae (Agaricomycetes)
  • I-oda: I-Agaricales (i-Agaric noma i-Lamellar)
  • Umndeni: Tricholomataceae (Tricholomovye noma Ryadovkovye)
  • I-Genus: I-Clitocybe (i-Clitocybe noma i-Govorushka)
  • Uhlobo: I-Clitocybe phyllophila (Nash talker)
  • Isikhulumi se-waxy
  • isikhulumi esinamaqabunga

:

  • Isikhulumi se-waxy
  • Isikhulumi esimpunga
  • I-Alpista phyllophila
  • I-Clitocybe pseudonebularis
  • I-Clitocybe cerussata
  • I-Clitocybe difformis
  • I-Clitocybe obtexta
  • I-clitocybe enwetshiwe
  • I-Clitocybe pithyophila
  • Incazelo
  • Izimpawu zobuthi
  • Indlela yokuhlukanisa i-govorushka kwamanye amakhowe

ikhanda 5-11 cm ububanzi, i-convex ebusheni ene-tubercle nendawo engaseceleni efakwe ngaphakathi; kamuva ifulethi elinomphetho ohlotshisiwe kanye nokuphakama okungabonakali phakathi nendawo; futhi, ekugcineni, ifaneli enonqenqema lwamagagasi; indawo eseceleni ngaphandle kwe-radial banding (okungukuthi, amapuleti awakhanyi nge-cap ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo); i-non-hygrofan. Isigqoko simbozwe ungqimba olumhlophe lwe-waxy, lapho ubuso benyama noma i-brownish hue bukhanya, ngezinye izikhathi ngamabala ocher; izindawo zamanzi ziyabonakala endaweni eseceleni yemizimba emidala enezithelo. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kunamathela kwe-waxy kuyaqhekeka, kwakhe indawo "yemabula". Isikhumba sisuswa kukepisi siye phakathi nendawo.

amarekhodi i-adnate noma yehla kancane, inama-blade engeziwe, ububanzi obuyi-5 mm, ayivamile kakhulu - kodwa ayivelakancane, cishe ama-blade angu-6 ngo-5 mm engxenyeni emaphakathi ye-radius, emboza indawo engezansi yekepisi, okungavamile kakhulu ukuba i-bifurcing, ekuqaleni ibe mhlophe. , kamuva ocher cream. I-spore powder ayimhlophe qwa, kodwa iyinyama enodaka kuya kombala obomvana kakhilimu.

Leg 5-8 cm ukuphakama kanye 1-2 cm obukhulu, cylindrical noma isicaba, ngokuvamile ukunwetshwa kancane esisekelweni, kuyaqabukela tapering, mhlophe ekuqaleni, kamuva ocher ezingcolile. Ingaphezulu linomucu obude, engxenyeni engenhla embozwe izinwele ezisilika kanye nengubo emhlophe “eyisithwathwa,” esisekelweni esinoboya be-mycelium kanye nebhola le-mycelium nezingxenye zemfucumfucu.

Umtfumbu ku-cap encane, 1-2 mm ubukhulu, isiponji, ithambile, imhlophe; iqinile esiqwini, i-ocher ephaphathekile. Taste ithambile, ene-astringent aftertaste.

iphunga okubabayo, okuqinile, hhayi amakhowe impela, kodwa kumnandi.

Impikiswano ivamise ukunamathelana ngababili noma abane, usayizi (4)4.5-5.5(6) x (2.6)3-4 µm, engenambala, i-hyaline, ibushelelezi, i-ellipsoid noma i-ovoid, i-cyanophilic. I-Hyphae ye-cortical layer engu-1.5-3.5 µm ubukhulu, kuzindlalelo ezijulile ezingafika ku-6 µm, i-septa enamabhakede.

I-govorushka ehlumayo ikhula emahlathini, imvamisa kudoti omuncu, kwesinye isikhathi ku-coniferous (spruce, pine), ngamaqembu. Isizini ye-fruiting esebenzayo kusukela ngoSepthemba kuya ekwindla sekwephuzile. Iwuhlobo olujwayelekile endaweni enesimo sezulu esisenyakatho futhi itholakala ezwekazini laseYurophu, eGreat Britain naseNyakatho Melika.

Okhulumayo unobuthi (iqukethe i-muscarine).

Ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izimpawu zokuqala zobuthi, kuthatha isigamu sehora kuya emahoreni angama-2-6. Isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, ubuhlungu besisu, ukujuluka kakhulu, kwesinye isikhathi ukuphuma amathe kuqale, abafundi banciphe. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukuphefumula okunzima kubonakala, ukuhlukaniswa kwemfihlo ye-bronchial kuyanda, umfutho wegazi wehla futhi i-pulse iyancipha. Umhlukumezi uyacasuka noma ucindezelekile. Isiyezi, ukudideka, i-delirium, ukubona izinto ezingekho, futhi, ekugcineni, kuvela i-coma. Ukufa kubonakala ku-2-3% wamacala futhi kwenzeka ngemva kwamahora angu-6-12 lapho kudliwe amakhowe amaningi. Kubantu abanempilo, ukufa kuyivelakancane, kodwa kubantu abanesifo senhliziyo nezinkinga zokuphefumula, nakubantu asebekhulile nabantwana, kubangela ingozi enkulu.

Siyakukhumbuza: ngezimpawu zokuqala zobuthi, kufanele uthintane nodokotela ngokushesha!

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, isikhulumi esinesimo sesoso esidliwayo esinombandela (i-Clitocybe catinus) singathathwa njengesikhulumi esinodaka, kodwa lesi sakamuva sinendawo ecwebezelayo yekepisi kanye namapuleti amaningi ahlayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlamvu ze-Saucer zinesimo esihlukile futhi zikhulu, 7-8.5 x 5-6 microns.

Isikhulumi esigobile (i-Clitocybe geotropa) sivame ukuba sikhulu ngokuphindwe kabili, futhi isigqoko saso sine-tubercle ephinyiselwe, ngakho-ke ngokuvamile kulula kakhulu ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili. Nokho, izinhlamvu zesikhulumi esigobile zithe ukuba zikhudlwana, 6-8.5 x 4-6 microns.

Akujabulisi kakhulu ukudida i-cherry edliwayo (i-Clitopilus prunulus) ne-govorushka, kodwa inephunga eliqinile le-floury (kwabanye, kodwa-ke, ayijabulisi neze, ikhumbuza iphunga likafulawa owonakele, i-bug yehlathi noma i-cilantro ekhule kakhulu) , futhi amapuleti aphinki amakhowe avuthiwe ahlukaniswa kalula nozipho lwesigqoko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlamvu ze-cherry zikhudlwana.

shiya impendulo